|
Hydrophobicity, log P of the compound in octanol-water by shaking-flask method
|
None
|
7.05
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Importance of physicochemical properties for the design of new pesticides.
Year : 2011
Volume : 59
Issue : 7
First Page : 2909
Last Page : 2917
Authors : Akamatsu M.
Abstract : The physicochemical properties of candidate compounds play important roles in the design of new pesticides. Pesticides must be absorbed by pests, be transported to the target site, and then interact with proteins. Hydrophobicity is very important for these processes. Log P, where P is the partition coefficient in the 1-octanol/water system, is commonly used as a hydrophobic descriptor and correlates with membrane permeation and transport. It was recently reported that permeability by the parallel artificial membrane permeation assay (PAMPA) could be used to predict human oral absorption of passively transported compounds. PAMPA, which is a rapid high-throughput screening system, may be useful to predict pesticide absorption because PAMPA permeability can be calculated using log P and other parameters. Electronic and structural properties as well as hydrophobicity are important factors for protein-ligand interaction. To show the importance of physicochemical properties, the classic QSAR and CoMFA of neonicotinoids and prediction of bioavailability of pesticides in terms of membrane permeability in comparison with drugs are described.
|
Insecticidal activity against adult Doru luteipes (earwigs) in compound treated maize leaf assessed as insect avoidance by behavioral bioassay
|
Doru
|
None
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 12
First Page : 1535
Last Page : 1540
|
Relative toxicity in second instar Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) in compound treated maize leaf assessed as mortality measured by Time-mortality bioassay
|
Spodoptera frugiperda
|
1.0
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 12
First Page : 1535
Last Page : 1540
|
Insecticidal activity in second instar Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) in compound treated maize leaf assessed as mortality measured by Time-mortality bioassay
|
Spodoptera frugiperda
|
17.03
min
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 12
First Page : 1535
Last Page : 1540
|
Selectivity ratio of LC50 for adult earwig species Doru luteipes to LC50 for second instar fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda by concentration-mortality bioassay
|
None
|
198.1
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 12
First Page : 1535
Last Page : 1540
|
Relative toxicity in adult Doru luteipes (earwigs) in compound treated maize leaf assessed as mortality measured after 48 hr by concentration-mortality bioassay
|
Doru
|
1133.5
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 12
First Page : 1535
Last Page : 1540
|
Insecticidal activity against adult Doru luteipes (earwigs) in compound treated maize leaf assessed as mortality measured after 48 hr by concentration-mortality bioassay
|
Doru
|
667.8
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 12
First Page : 1535
Last Page : 1540
|
Relative toxicity in second instar Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) in compound treated maize leaf assessed as mortality measured after 48 hr by concentration-mortality bioassay
|
Spodoptera frugiperda
|
1.25
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 12
First Page : 1535
Last Page : 1540
|
Insecticidal activity in second instar Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) in compound treated maize leaf assessed as mortality measured after 48 hr by concentration-mortality bioassay
|
Spodoptera frugiperda
|
3.37
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 12
First Page : 1535
Last Page : 1540
|
Ratio of EC50 for Daphnia magna to EC50 for first instar larvae of Cheumatopsyche brevilineata
|
None
|
0.69
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Title : A useful new insecticide bioassay using first-instar larvae of a net-spinning caddisfly, Cheumatopsyche brevilineata (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae)
Year : 2009
Volume : 34
Issue : 1
First Page : 13
Last Page : 20
Authors : Yokoyama A, Ohtsu K, Iwafune T, Nagai T, Ishihara S, Kobara Y, Horio T, Endo S
|
Insecticidal activity against first-instar larvae of Cheumatopsyche brevilineata after 48 hr
|
Cheumatopsyche
|
0.000116
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Title : A useful new insecticide bioassay using first-instar larvae of a net-spinning caddisfly, Cheumatopsyche brevilineata (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae)
Year : 2009
Volume : 34
Issue : 1
First Page : 13
Last Page : 20
Authors : Yokoyama A, Ohtsu K, Iwafune T, Nagai T, Ishihara S, Kobara Y, Horio T, Endo S
|
Octanol-water partition coefficient, log KOW of the compound
|
None
|
7.05
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Title : A useful new insecticide bioassay using first-instar larvae of a net-spinning caddisfly, Cheumatopsyche brevilineata (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae)
Year : 2009
Volume : 34
Issue : 1
First Page : 13
Last Page : 20
Authors : Yokoyama A, Ohtsu K, Iwafune T, Nagai T, Ishihara S, Kobara Y, Horio T, Endo S
|
Insecticidal activity against Daphnia magna after 48 hr
|
Daphnia magna
|
0.00057
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Title : A useful new insecticide bioassay using first-instar larvae of a net-spinning caddisfly, Cheumatopsyche brevilineata (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae)
Year : 2009
Volume : 34
Issue : 1
First Page : 13
Last Page : 20
Authors : Yokoyama A, Ohtsu K, Iwafune T, Nagai T, Ishihara S, Kobara Y, Horio T, Endo S
|
Resistance factor, ratio of LD50 for fourth-instar larval stage of Helicoverpa armigera field strain Gaschiga isolated from tomato plant to LD50 for fourth-instar larval stage of pyrethroid-susceptible Helicoverpa armigera laboratory strain BK-77
|
Helicoverpa armigera
|
4.0
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Esterase-mediated resistance to pyrethroids in field populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Central Africa.
Year : 2009
Volume : 65
Issue : 10
First Page : 1147
Last Page : 1154
Authors : Achaleke J, Martin T, Ghogomu RT, Vaissayre M, Brévault T.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Evolution of pyrethroid resistance in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) threatens continued cotton production in Central Africa. Dose-response bioassays were conducted on area-wide collection of bollworm populations from major host plants, while biochemical techniques were used to evaluate basic mechanisms underlying resistance. RESULTS: Pyrethroid resistance is primarily associated with detoxification by enhanced esterase activity. High resistance to cypermethrin (RF = 67-1771), cross-resistance to deltamethrin (RF = 60-2972) and lack of cross-resistance to the non-ester pyrethroid etofenprox (RF = 2-10) were observed among H. armigera field populations and laboratory-selected strains. Enzymatic assays showed that esterase activity, but not oxidase content or glutathione-S-transferase activity, was positively correlated with resistance to cypermethrin. Pretreatment with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) resulted in significant synergism with cypermethrin in 6/10 field populations, but not in the laboratory-selected strain, indicating that additional mechanisms such as mixed-function oxidase (MFO) may be involved in field resistance. The absence of cross-resistance to DDT ruled out a possible target-site modification. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the mechanisms involved in pyrethroid resistance and the lack of cross-resistance to spinosad and indoxacarb is a key to devising new resistance management strategies aimed at restoring the efficacy of pyrethroid-based programmes.
|
Resistance factor, ratio of LD50 for fourth-instar larval stage of Helicoverpa armigera field strain Ngong to LD50 for fourth-instar larval stage of pyrethroid-susceptible Helicoverpa armigera laboratory strain BK-77
|
Helicoverpa armigera
|
2.0
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Esterase-mediated resistance to pyrethroids in field populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Central Africa.
Year : 2009
Volume : 65
Issue : 10
First Page : 1147
Last Page : 1154
Authors : Achaleke J, Martin T, Ghogomu RT, Vaissayre M, Brévault T.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Evolution of pyrethroid resistance in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) threatens continued cotton production in Central Africa. Dose-response bioassays were conducted on area-wide collection of bollworm populations from major host plants, while biochemical techniques were used to evaluate basic mechanisms underlying resistance. RESULTS: Pyrethroid resistance is primarily associated with detoxification by enhanced esterase activity. High resistance to cypermethrin (RF = 67-1771), cross-resistance to deltamethrin (RF = 60-2972) and lack of cross-resistance to the non-ester pyrethroid etofenprox (RF = 2-10) were observed among H. armigera field populations and laboratory-selected strains. Enzymatic assays showed that esterase activity, but not oxidase content or glutathione-S-transferase activity, was positively correlated with resistance to cypermethrin. Pretreatment with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) resulted in significant synergism with cypermethrin in 6/10 field populations, but not in the laboratory-selected strain, indicating that additional mechanisms such as mixed-function oxidase (MFO) may be involved in field resistance. The absence of cross-resistance to DDT ruled out a possible target-site modification. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the mechanisms involved in pyrethroid resistance and the lack of cross-resistance to spinosad and indoxacarb is a key to devising new resistance management strategies aimed at restoring the efficacy of pyrethroid-based programmes.
|
Resistance factor, ratio of LD50 for fourth-instar larval stage of Helicoverpa armigera field strain Pitoa isolated from tomato plant to LD50 for fourth-instar larval stage of pyrethroid-susceptible Helicoverpa armigera laboratory strain BK-77
|
Helicoverpa armigera
|
10.0
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Esterase-mediated resistance to pyrethroids in field populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Central Africa.
Year : 2009
Volume : 65
Issue : 10
First Page : 1147
Last Page : 1154
Authors : Achaleke J, Martin T, Ghogomu RT, Vaissayre M, Brévault T.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Evolution of pyrethroid resistance in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) threatens continued cotton production in Central Africa. Dose-response bioassays were conducted on area-wide collection of bollworm populations from major host plants, while biochemical techniques were used to evaluate basic mechanisms underlying resistance. RESULTS: Pyrethroid resistance is primarily associated with detoxification by enhanced esterase activity. High resistance to cypermethrin (RF = 67-1771), cross-resistance to deltamethrin (RF = 60-2972) and lack of cross-resistance to the non-ester pyrethroid etofenprox (RF = 2-10) were observed among H. armigera field populations and laboratory-selected strains. Enzymatic assays showed that esterase activity, but not oxidase content or glutathione-S-transferase activity, was positively correlated with resistance to cypermethrin. Pretreatment with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) resulted in significant synergism with cypermethrin in 6/10 field populations, but not in the laboratory-selected strain, indicating that additional mechanisms such as mixed-function oxidase (MFO) may be involved in field resistance. The absence of cross-resistance to DDT ruled out a possible target-site modification. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the mechanisms involved in pyrethroid resistance and the lack of cross-resistance to spinosad and indoxacarb is a key to devising new resistance management strategies aimed at restoring the efficacy of pyrethroid-based programmes.
|
Resistance factor, ratio of LD50 for fourth-instar larval stage of Helicoverpa armigera field strain Tchollire to LD50 for fourth-instar larval stage of pyrethroid-susceptible Helicoverpa armigera laboratory strain BK-77
|
Helicoverpa armigera
|
3.0
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Esterase-mediated resistance to pyrethroids in field populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Central Africa.
Year : 2009
Volume : 65
Issue : 10
First Page : 1147
Last Page : 1154
Authors : Achaleke J, Martin T, Ghogomu RT, Vaissayre M, Brévault T.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Evolution of pyrethroid resistance in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) threatens continued cotton production in Central Africa. Dose-response bioassays were conducted on area-wide collection of bollworm populations from major host plants, while biochemical techniques were used to evaluate basic mechanisms underlying resistance. RESULTS: Pyrethroid resistance is primarily associated with detoxification by enhanced esterase activity. High resistance to cypermethrin (RF = 67-1771), cross-resistance to deltamethrin (RF = 60-2972) and lack of cross-resistance to the non-ester pyrethroid etofenprox (RF = 2-10) were observed among H. armigera field populations and laboratory-selected strains. Enzymatic assays showed that esterase activity, but not oxidase content or glutathione-S-transferase activity, was positively correlated with resistance to cypermethrin. Pretreatment with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) resulted in significant synergism with cypermethrin in 6/10 field populations, but not in the laboratory-selected strain, indicating that additional mechanisms such as mixed-function oxidase (MFO) may be involved in field resistance. The absence of cross-resistance to DDT ruled out a possible target-site modification. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the mechanisms involved in pyrethroid resistance and the lack of cross-resistance to spinosad and indoxacarb is a key to devising new resistance management strategies aimed at restoring the efficacy of pyrethroid-based programmes.
|
Resistance factor, ratio of LD50 for fourth-instar larval stage of Helicoverpa armigera field strain Pitoa isolated from maize plant to LD50 for fourth-instar larval stage of pyrethroid-susceptible Helicoverpa armigera laboratory strain BK-77
|
Helicoverpa armigera
|
5.0
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Esterase-mediated resistance to pyrethroids in field populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Central Africa.
Year : 2009
Volume : 65
Issue : 10
First Page : 1147
Last Page : 1154
Authors : Achaleke J, Martin T, Ghogomu RT, Vaissayre M, Brévault T.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Evolution of pyrethroid resistance in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) threatens continued cotton production in Central Africa. Dose-response bioassays were conducted on area-wide collection of bollworm populations from major host plants, while biochemical techniques were used to evaluate basic mechanisms underlying resistance. RESULTS: Pyrethroid resistance is primarily associated with detoxification by enhanced esterase activity. High resistance to cypermethrin (RF = 67-1771), cross-resistance to deltamethrin (RF = 60-2972) and lack of cross-resistance to the non-ester pyrethroid etofenprox (RF = 2-10) were observed among H. armigera field populations and laboratory-selected strains. Enzymatic assays showed that esterase activity, but not oxidase content or glutathione-S-transferase activity, was positively correlated with resistance to cypermethrin. Pretreatment with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) resulted in significant synergism with cypermethrin in 6/10 field populations, but not in the laboratory-selected strain, indicating that additional mechanisms such as mixed-function oxidase (MFO) may be involved in field resistance. The absence of cross-resistance to DDT ruled out a possible target-site modification. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the mechanisms involved in pyrethroid resistance and the lack of cross-resistance to spinosad and indoxacarb is a key to devising new resistance management strategies aimed at restoring the efficacy of pyrethroid-based programmes.
|
Resistance factor, ratio of LD50 for fourth-instar larval stage of pyrethroid-resistance Helicoverpa armigera laboratory strain GS-RR06 to LD50 for fourth-instar larval stage of pyrethroid-susceptible Helicoverpa armigera laboratory strain BK-77
|
Helicoverpa armigera
|
2.0
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Esterase-mediated resistance to pyrethroids in field populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Central Africa.
Year : 2009
Volume : 65
Issue : 10
First Page : 1147
Last Page : 1154
Authors : Achaleke J, Martin T, Ghogomu RT, Vaissayre M, Brévault T.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Evolution of pyrethroid resistance in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) threatens continued cotton production in Central Africa. Dose-response bioassays were conducted on area-wide collection of bollworm populations from major host plants, while biochemical techniques were used to evaluate basic mechanisms underlying resistance. RESULTS: Pyrethroid resistance is primarily associated with detoxification by enhanced esterase activity. High resistance to cypermethrin (RF = 67-1771), cross-resistance to deltamethrin (RF = 60-2972) and lack of cross-resistance to the non-ester pyrethroid etofenprox (RF = 2-10) were observed among H. armigera field populations and laboratory-selected strains. Enzymatic assays showed that esterase activity, but not oxidase content or glutathione-S-transferase activity, was positively correlated with resistance to cypermethrin. Pretreatment with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) resulted in significant synergism with cypermethrin in 6/10 field populations, but not in the laboratory-selected strain, indicating that additional mechanisms such as mixed-function oxidase (MFO) may be involved in field resistance. The absence of cross-resistance to DDT ruled out a possible target-site modification. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the mechanisms involved in pyrethroid resistance and the lack of cross-resistance to spinosad and indoxacarb is a key to devising new resistance management strategies aimed at restoring the efficacy of pyrethroid-based programmes.
|
Insecticidal activity against fourth-instar larval stage of Helicoverpa armigera field strain Gaschiga isolated from tomato plant assessed as mortality applied topically onto thorax measured after 48 hr
|
Helicoverpa armigera
|
229.3
microgAi/g
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Esterase-mediated resistance to pyrethroids in field populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Central Africa.
Year : 2009
Volume : 65
Issue : 10
First Page : 1147
Last Page : 1154
Authors : Achaleke J, Martin T, Ghogomu RT, Vaissayre M, Brévault T.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Evolution of pyrethroid resistance in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) threatens continued cotton production in Central Africa. Dose-response bioassays were conducted on area-wide collection of bollworm populations from major host plants, while biochemical techniques were used to evaluate basic mechanisms underlying resistance. RESULTS: Pyrethroid resistance is primarily associated with detoxification by enhanced esterase activity. High resistance to cypermethrin (RF = 67-1771), cross-resistance to deltamethrin (RF = 60-2972) and lack of cross-resistance to the non-ester pyrethroid etofenprox (RF = 2-10) were observed among H. armigera field populations and laboratory-selected strains. Enzymatic assays showed that esterase activity, but not oxidase content or glutathione-S-transferase activity, was positively correlated with resistance to cypermethrin. Pretreatment with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) resulted in significant synergism with cypermethrin in 6/10 field populations, but not in the laboratory-selected strain, indicating that additional mechanisms such as mixed-function oxidase (MFO) may be involved in field resistance. The absence of cross-resistance to DDT ruled out a possible target-site modification. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the mechanisms involved in pyrethroid resistance and the lack of cross-resistance to spinosad and indoxacarb is a key to devising new resistance management strategies aimed at restoring the efficacy of pyrethroid-based programmes.
|
Insecticidal activity against fourth-instar larval stage of Helicoverpa armigera field strain Ngong isolated from cotton plant assessed as mortality applied topically onto thorax measured after 48 hr
|
Helicoverpa armigera
|
136.6
microgAi/g
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Esterase-mediated resistance to pyrethroids in field populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Central Africa.
Year : 2009
Volume : 65
Issue : 10
First Page : 1147
Last Page : 1154
Authors : Achaleke J, Martin T, Ghogomu RT, Vaissayre M, Brévault T.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Evolution of pyrethroid resistance in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) threatens continued cotton production in Central Africa. Dose-response bioassays were conducted on area-wide collection of bollworm populations from major host plants, while biochemical techniques were used to evaluate basic mechanisms underlying resistance. RESULTS: Pyrethroid resistance is primarily associated with detoxification by enhanced esterase activity. High resistance to cypermethrin (RF = 67-1771), cross-resistance to deltamethrin (RF = 60-2972) and lack of cross-resistance to the non-ester pyrethroid etofenprox (RF = 2-10) were observed among H. armigera field populations and laboratory-selected strains. Enzymatic assays showed that esterase activity, but not oxidase content or glutathione-S-transferase activity, was positively correlated with resistance to cypermethrin. Pretreatment with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) resulted in significant synergism with cypermethrin in 6/10 field populations, but not in the laboratory-selected strain, indicating that additional mechanisms such as mixed-function oxidase (MFO) may be involved in field resistance. The absence of cross-resistance to DDT ruled out a possible target-site modification. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the mechanisms involved in pyrethroid resistance and the lack of cross-resistance to spinosad and indoxacarb is a key to devising new resistance management strategies aimed at restoring the efficacy of pyrethroid-based programmes.
|
Insecticidal activity against fourth-instar larval stage of Helicoverpa armigera field strain Pitoa isolated from tomato plant assessed as mortality applied topically onto thorax measured after 48 hr
|
Helicoverpa armigera
|
531.4
microgAi/g
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Esterase-mediated resistance to pyrethroids in field populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Central Africa.
Year : 2009
Volume : 65
Issue : 10
First Page : 1147
Last Page : 1154
Authors : Achaleke J, Martin T, Ghogomu RT, Vaissayre M, Brévault T.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Evolution of pyrethroid resistance in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) threatens continued cotton production in Central Africa. Dose-response bioassays were conducted on area-wide collection of bollworm populations from major host plants, while biochemical techniques were used to evaluate basic mechanisms underlying resistance. RESULTS: Pyrethroid resistance is primarily associated with detoxification by enhanced esterase activity. High resistance to cypermethrin (RF = 67-1771), cross-resistance to deltamethrin (RF = 60-2972) and lack of cross-resistance to the non-ester pyrethroid etofenprox (RF = 2-10) were observed among H. armigera field populations and laboratory-selected strains. Enzymatic assays showed that esterase activity, but not oxidase content or glutathione-S-transferase activity, was positively correlated with resistance to cypermethrin. Pretreatment with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) resulted in significant synergism with cypermethrin in 6/10 field populations, but not in the laboratory-selected strain, indicating that additional mechanisms such as mixed-function oxidase (MFO) may be involved in field resistance. The absence of cross-resistance to DDT ruled out a possible target-site modification. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the mechanisms involved in pyrethroid resistance and the lack of cross-resistance to spinosad and indoxacarb is a key to devising new resistance management strategies aimed at restoring the efficacy of pyrethroid-based programmes.
|
Insecticidal activity against fourth-instar larval stage of Helicoverpa armigera field strain Pitoa isolated from maize plant assessed as mortality applied topically onto thorax measured after 48 hr
|
Helicoverpa armigera
|
285.3
microgAi/g
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Esterase-mediated resistance to pyrethroids in field populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Central Africa.
Year : 2009
Volume : 65
Issue : 10
First Page : 1147
Last Page : 1154
Authors : Achaleke J, Martin T, Ghogomu RT, Vaissayre M, Brévault T.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Evolution of pyrethroid resistance in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) threatens continued cotton production in Central Africa. Dose-response bioassays were conducted on area-wide collection of bollworm populations from major host plants, while biochemical techniques were used to evaluate basic mechanisms underlying resistance. RESULTS: Pyrethroid resistance is primarily associated with detoxification by enhanced esterase activity. High resistance to cypermethrin (RF = 67-1771), cross-resistance to deltamethrin (RF = 60-2972) and lack of cross-resistance to the non-ester pyrethroid etofenprox (RF = 2-10) were observed among H. armigera field populations and laboratory-selected strains. Enzymatic assays showed that esterase activity, but not oxidase content or glutathione-S-transferase activity, was positively correlated with resistance to cypermethrin. Pretreatment with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) resulted in significant synergism with cypermethrin in 6/10 field populations, but not in the laboratory-selected strain, indicating that additional mechanisms such as mixed-function oxidase (MFO) may be involved in field resistance. The absence of cross-resistance to DDT ruled out a possible target-site modification. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the mechanisms involved in pyrethroid resistance and the lack of cross-resistance to spinosad and indoxacarb is a key to devising new resistance management strategies aimed at restoring the efficacy of pyrethroid-based programmes.
|
Insecticidal activity against fourth-instar larval stage of Helicoverpa armigera field strain Tchollire isolated from cotton plant assessed as mortality applied topically onto thorax measured after 48 hr
|
Helicoverpa armigera
|
152.2
microgAi/g
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Esterase-mediated resistance to pyrethroids in field populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Central Africa.
Year : 2009
Volume : 65
Issue : 10
First Page : 1147
Last Page : 1154
Authors : Achaleke J, Martin T, Ghogomu RT, Vaissayre M, Brévault T.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Evolution of pyrethroid resistance in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) threatens continued cotton production in Central Africa. Dose-response bioassays were conducted on area-wide collection of bollworm populations from major host plants, while biochemical techniques were used to evaluate basic mechanisms underlying resistance. RESULTS: Pyrethroid resistance is primarily associated with detoxification by enhanced esterase activity. High resistance to cypermethrin (RF = 67-1771), cross-resistance to deltamethrin (RF = 60-2972) and lack of cross-resistance to the non-ester pyrethroid etofenprox (RF = 2-10) were observed among H. armigera field populations and laboratory-selected strains. Enzymatic assays showed that esterase activity, but not oxidase content or glutathione-S-transferase activity, was positively correlated with resistance to cypermethrin. Pretreatment with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) resulted in significant synergism with cypermethrin in 6/10 field populations, but not in the laboratory-selected strain, indicating that additional mechanisms such as mixed-function oxidase (MFO) may be involved in field resistance. The absence of cross-resistance to DDT ruled out a possible target-site modification. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the mechanisms involved in pyrethroid resistance and the lack of cross-resistance to spinosad and indoxacarb is a key to devising new resistance management strategies aimed at restoring the efficacy of pyrethroid-based programmes.
|
Insecticidal activity against fourth-instar larval stage of pyrethroid-resistance Helicoverpa armigera laboratory strain GS-RR06 assessed as mortality applied topically onto thorax measured after 48 hr
|
Helicoverpa armigera
|
135.7
microgAi/g
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Esterase-mediated resistance to pyrethroids in field populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Central Africa.
Year : 2009
Volume : 65
Issue : 10
First Page : 1147
Last Page : 1154
Authors : Achaleke J, Martin T, Ghogomu RT, Vaissayre M, Brévault T.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Evolution of pyrethroid resistance in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) threatens continued cotton production in Central Africa. Dose-response bioassays were conducted on area-wide collection of bollworm populations from major host plants, while biochemical techniques were used to evaluate basic mechanisms underlying resistance. RESULTS: Pyrethroid resistance is primarily associated with detoxification by enhanced esterase activity. High resistance to cypermethrin (RF = 67-1771), cross-resistance to deltamethrin (RF = 60-2972) and lack of cross-resistance to the non-ester pyrethroid etofenprox (RF = 2-10) were observed among H. armigera field populations and laboratory-selected strains. Enzymatic assays showed that esterase activity, but not oxidase content or glutathione-S-transferase activity, was positively correlated with resistance to cypermethrin. Pretreatment with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) resulted in significant synergism with cypermethrin in 6/10 field populations, but not in the laboratory-selected strain, indicating that additional mechanisms such as mixed-function oxidase (MFO) may be involved in field resistance. The absence of cross-resistance to DDT ruled out a possible target-site modification. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the mechanisms involved in pyrethroid resistance and the lack of cross-resistance to spinosad and indoxacarb is a key to devising new resistance management strategies aimed at restoring the efficacy of pyrethroid-based programmes.
|
Insecticidal activity against fourth-instar larval stage of pyrethroid-susceptible Helicoverpa armigera laboratory strain BK-77 assessed as mortality applied topically onto thorax measured after 48 hr
|
Helicoverpa armigera
|
55.5
microgAi/g
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Esterase-mediated resistance to pyrethroids in field populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Central Africa.
Year : 2009
Volume : 65
Issue : 10
First Page : 1147
Last Page : 1154
Authors : Achaleke J, Martin T, Ghogomu RT, Vaissayre M, Brévault T.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Evolution of pyrethroid resistance in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) threatens continued cotton production in Central Africa. Dose-response bioassays were conducted on area-wide collection of bollworm populations from major host plants, while biochemical techniques were used to evaluate basic mechanisms underlying resistance. RESULTS: Pyrethroid resistance is primarily associated with detoxification by enhanced esterase activity. High resistance to cypermethrin (RF = 67-1771), cross-resistance to deltamethrin (RF = 60-2972) and lack of cross-resistance to the non-ester pyrethroid etofenprox (RF = 2-10) were observed among H. armigera field populations and laboratory-selected strains. Enzymatic assays showed that esterase activity, but not oxidase content or glutathione-S-transferase activity, was positively correlated with resistance to cypermethrin. Pretreatment with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) resulted in significant synergism with cypermethrin in 6/10 field populations, but not in the laboratory-selected strain, indicating that additional mechanisms such as mixed-function oxidase (MFO) may be involved in field resistance. The absence of cross-resistance to DDT ruled out a possible target-site modification. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the mechanisms involved in pyrethroid resistance and the lack of cross-resistance to spinosad and indoxacarb is a key to devising new resistance management strategies aimed at restoring the efficacy of pyrethroid-based programmes.
|
Ratio of LD50 for Laodelphax striatella Ibaraki (small brown planthopper) to LD50 for susceptible Laodelphax striatella
|
Laodelphax striatella
|
1.1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Title : Insecticide Resistance and Insensitive Acetylcholinesterase in Small Brown Planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus
Year : 2000
Volume : 25
Issue : 4
First Page : 395
Last Page : 397
Authors : ENDO S, TSURUMACHI M
|
Ratio of LD50 for Laodelphax striatella Kumamoto (small brown planthopper) to LD50 for susceptible Laodelphax striatella
|
Laodelphax striatella
|
1.7
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Title : Insecticide Resistance and Insensitive Acetylcholinesterase in Small Brown Planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus
Year : 2000
Volume : 25
Issue : 4
First Page : 395
Last Page : 397
Authors : ENDO S, TSURUMACHI M
|
Insecticidal activity against Laodelphax striatella Ibaraki (small brown planthopper) assessed as mortality compound treated topically on dorsal side
|
Laodelphax striatella
|
1.7
mg.kg-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Title : Insecticide Resistance and Insensitive Acetylcholinesterase in Small Brown Planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus
Year : 2000
Volume : 25
Issue : 4
First Page : 395
Last Page : 397
Authors : ENDO S, TSURUMACHI M
|
Insecticidal activity against Laodelphax striatella Kumamoto (small brown planthopper) assessed as mortality compound treated topically on dorsal side
|
Laodelphax striatella
|
2.7
mg.kg-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Title : Insecticide Resistance and Insensitive Acetylcholinesterase in Small Brown Planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus
Year : 2000
Volume : 25
Issue : 4
First Page : 395
Last Page : 397
Authors : ENDO S, TSURUMACHI M
|
Insecticidal activity against susceptible Laodelphax striatella (small brown planthopper) assessed as mortality compound treated topically on dorsal side
|
Laodelphax striatella
|
1.6
mg.kg-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Title : Insecticide Resistance and Insensitive Acetylcholinesterase in Small Brown Planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus
Year : 2000
Volume : 25
Issue : 4
First Page : 395
Last Page : 397
Authors : ENDO S, TSURUMACHI M
|
Insecticidal activity against third-instar larvae of Spodoptera litura infested compound-treated cabbage leaf assessed as mortality after 48 hr in presence of piperonyl butoxide
|
Spodoptera litura
|
9.79
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 1996
Volume : 21
Issue : 3
First Page : 311
Last Page : 316
|
Induction of depolarization in Procambarus clarkii (crayfish) giant axons assessed as transient inward sodium currents at -100 to -20 mV holding potential at 2 x 10 '-5 M
|
Procambarus clarkii
|
None
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 1996
Volume : 21
Issue : 3
First Page : 311
Last Page : 316
|
Induction of repetitive firing in excised nerve cord of Periplaneta americana (American cockroach) measured up to 32 min
|
None
|
8.0
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 1996
Volume : 21
Issue : 3
First Page : 311
Last Page : 316
|
Acaricidal activity against Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite) infested kidney bean leaf disk assessed as mortality measured after 48 hr
|
Tetranychus urticae
|
3.48
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 1996
Volume : 21
Issue : 3
First Page : 311
Last Page : 316
|
Insecticidal activity against Periplaneta americana (American cockroach) assessed as paralysis/mortality compound injected into abdomen after 24 hr
|
Periplaneta americana
|
9.49
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 1996
Volume : 21
Issue : 3
First Page : 311
Last Page : 316
|
Insecticidal activity against third-instar larvae of Spodoptera litura infested compound-treated cabbage leaf assessed as mortality after 48 hr
|
Spodoptera litura
|
4.68
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 1996
Volume : 21
Issue : 3
First Page : 311
Last Page : 316
|
Insecticidal activity against young stage of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as mortality at 135 g/ha treated for 14 days measured after 7 days relative to control
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
|
Insecticidal activity against young stage of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as mortality at 135 g/ha treated for 7 days measured after 7 days relative to control
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
|
Insecticidal activity against young stage of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as mortality at 135 g/ha treated for 1 hr measured after 7 days relative to control
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
98.3
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
|
Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as reduction of progeny per female at 135 g/ha treated for 14 days measured after 7 days
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
|
Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as overwintered female mortality at 135 g/ha treated for 14 days measured after 3 days relative to control
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
|
Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as overwintered female mortality at 135 g/ha treated for 14 days measured after 1 day relative to control
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
|
Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as reduction of progeny per female at 135 g/ha treated for 7 days measured after 7 days
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
|
Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as overwintered female mortality at 135 g/ha treated for 7 days measured after 3 days relative to control
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
93.3
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
|
Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as overwintered female mortality at 135 g/ha treated for 7 days measured after 1 day relative to control
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
93.3
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
|
Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as reduction of progeny per female at 135 g/ha treated for 1 hr measured after 7 days
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
|
Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as overwintered female mortality at 135 g/ha treated for 1 hr measured after 3 days relative to control
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
|
Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as overwintered female mortality at 135 g/ha treated for 1 hr measured after 1 day relative to control
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
93.3
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
