|
Selectivity ratio of relative toxicity against po dosed rat to relative efficacy against Gibberella zeae
|
None
|
0.27
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2007
Volume : 26
Issue : 4
First Page : 683
Last Page : 690
|
Antifungal activity against Fusarium graminearum after 8 hr by microscopic analysis relative to prothioconazole
|
Fusarium graminearum
|
0.27
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2007
Volume : 26
Issue : 4
First Page : 683
Last Page : 690
|
Antifungal activity against Fusarium graminearum isolate 137 after 8 hr by microscopic analysis
|
Fusarium graminearum
|
177000.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2007
Volume : 26
Issue : 4
First Page : 683
Last Page : 690
|
Antifungal activity against Fusarium graminearum isolate 106 after 8 hr by microscopic analysis
|
Fusarium graminearum
|
177000.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2007
Volume : 26
Issue : 4
First Page : 683
Last Page : 690
|
Antifungal activity against Fusarium graminearum isolate 123 after 8 hr by microscopic analysis
|
Fusarium graminearum
|
177000.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2007
Volume : 26
Issue : 4
First Page : 683
Last Page : 690
|
Antifungal activity against Fusarium graminearum isolate 102 after 8 hr by microscopic analysis
|
Fusarium graminearum
|
177000.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2007
Volume : 26
Issue : 4
First Page : 683
Last Page : 690
|
Antifungal activity against Fusarium graminearum isolate 37 after 8 hr by microscopic analysis
|
Fusarium graminearum
|
177000.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2007
Volume : 26
Issue : 4
First Page : 683
Last Page : 690
|
Aqueous solubility of the compound assessed per 100 g at pH 7
|
None
|
3.0
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2007
Volume : 26
Issue : 4
First Page : 683
Last Page : 690
|
Toxicity in po dosed Rattus norvegicus (rat)
|
Rattus norvegicus
|
660.0
mg.kg-1
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2007
Volume : 26
Issue : 4
First Page : 683
Last Page : 690
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici isolate TAG74-3 with 120 bp insertion expressing CYP51 variant with combination of L50S, S188N, I381V, deltaY459/G460 and N513K mutations inoculated on compound pre-treated wheat cultivar Riband seedlings assessed as fungal DNA level at doses > 1/16 recommended field rate measured 21 days post fungal inoculation
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype.
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 7
First Page : 1034
Last Page : 1040
Authors : Cools HJ, Bayon C, Atkins S, Lucas JA, Fraaije BA.
Abstract : The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown.Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7-16-fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10- and 40-fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51.The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole-resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target-site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola.
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici isolate OP7 with 120 bp insertion expressing CYP51 variant with combination of L50S, S188N, I381V, deltaY459/G460 and N513K mutations inoculated on compound pre-treated wheat cultivar Riband seedlings assessed as fungal DNA level at doses > 1/16 recommended field rate measured 21 days post fungal inoculation
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype.
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 7
First Page : 1034
Last Page : 1040
Authors : Cools HJ, Bayon C, Atkins S, Lucas JA, Fraaije BA.
Abstract : The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown.Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7-16-fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10- and 40-fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51.The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole-resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target-site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola.
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici isolate TAG74-3 with 120 bp insertion expressing CYP51 variant with combination of L50S, S188N, I381V, deltaY459/G460 and N513K mutations inoculated on compound pre-treated wheat cultivar Riband seedlings assessed as pycnidia formation at doses > 1/16 recommended field rate measured 21 days post fungal inoculation
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype.
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 7
First Page : 1034
Last Page : 1040
Authors : Cools HJ, Bayon C, Atkins S, Lucas JA, Fraaije BA.
Abstract : The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown.Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7-16-fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10- and 40-fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51.The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole-resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target-site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola.
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici isolate OP7 with 120 bp insertion expressing CYP51 variant with combination of L50S, S188N, I381V, deltaY459/G460 and N513K mutations inoculated on compound pre-treated wheat cultivar Riband seedlings assessed as pycnidia formation at doses > 1/16 recommended field rate measured 21 days post fungal inoculation
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype.
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 7
First Page : 1034
Last Page : 1040
Authors : Cools HJ, Bayon C, Atkins S, Lucas JA, Fraaije BA.
Abstract : The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown.Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7-16-fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10- and 40-fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51.The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole-resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target-site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola.
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici isolate TAG74-3 with 120 bp insertion expressing CYP51 variant with combination of L50S, S188N, I381V, deltaY459/G460 and N513K mutations inoculated on compound pre-treated wheat cultivar Riband seedlings assessed as pycnidia formation at 28.13 ppm measured 21 days post fungal inoculation
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype.
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 7
First Page : 1034
Last Page : 1040
Authors : Cools HJ, Bayon C, Atkins S, Lucas JA, Fraaije BA.
Abstract : The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown.Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7-16-fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10- and 40-fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51.The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole-resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target-site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola.
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici isolate OP7 with 120 bp insertion expressing CYP51 variant with combination of L50S, S188N, I381V, deltaY459/G460 and N513K mutations inoculated on compound pre-treated wheat cultivar Riband seedlings assessed as pycnidia formation at 28.13 ppm measured 21 days post fungal inoculation
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype.
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 7
First Page : 1034
Last Page : 1040
Authors : Cools HJ, Bayon C, Atkins S, Lucas JA, Fraaije BA.
Abstract : The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown.Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7-16-fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10- and 40-fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51.The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole-resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target-site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola.
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici isolate OP7 with 120 bp insertion expressing CYP51 variant with combination of L50S, S188N, I381V, deltaY459/G460 and N513K mutations inoculated on compound pre-treated wheat cultivar Riband seedlings assessed as fungal DNA level at 28.13 ppm measured 21 days post fungal inoculation
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
5674.0
pg
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype.
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 7
First Page : 1034
Last Page : 1040
Authors : Cools HJ, Bayon C, Atkins S, Lucas JA, Fraaije BA.
Abstract : The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown.Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7-16-fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10- and 40-fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51.The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole-resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target-site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola.
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici isolate TAG74-3 with 120 bp insertion expressing CYP51 variant with combination of L50S, S188N, I381V, deltaY459/G460 and N513K mutations inoculated on compound pre-treated wheat cultivar Riband seedlings assessed as fungal DNA level at 28.13 ppm measured 21 days post fungal inoculation
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
1600.0
pg
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype.
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 7
First Page : 1034
Last Page : 1040
Authors : Cools HJ, Bayon C, Atkins S, Lucas JA, Fraaije BA.
Abstract : The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown.Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7-16-fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10- and 40-fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51.The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole-resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target-site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola.
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici isolate OP6 without 120 bp insertion expressing CYP51 variant with combination of L50S, S188N, I381V, deltaY459/G460 and N513K mutations inoculated on compound pre-treated wheat cultivar Riband seedlings assessed as fungal DNA level at 28.13 ppm measured 21 days post fungal inoculation
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
65.0
pg
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype.
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 7
First Page : 1034
Last Page : 1040
Authors : Cools HJ, Bayon C, Atkins S, Lucas JA, Fraaije BA.
Abstract : The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown.Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7-16-fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10- and 40-fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51.The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole-resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target-site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola.
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici isolate R10-13 without 120 bp insertion expressing CYP51 variant with combination of L50S, S188N, I381V, deltaY459/G460 and N513K mutations inoculated on compound pre-treated wheat cultivar Riband seedlings assessed as fungal DNA level at 28.13 ppm measured 21 days post fungal inoculation
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
106.0
pg
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype.
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 7
First Page : 1034
Last Page : 1040
Authors : Cools HJ, Bayon C, Atkins S, Lucas JA, Fraaije BA.
Abstract : The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown.Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7-16-fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10- and 40-fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51.The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole-resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target-site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola.
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici isolate TAG74-3 with 120 bp insertion expressing CYP51 variant with combination of L50S, S188N, I381V, deltaY459/G460 and N513K mutations assessed as fungal growth inhibition
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
1.39
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype.
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 7
First Page : 1034
Last Page : 1040
Authors : Cools HJ, Bayon C, Atkins S, Lucas JA, Fraaije BA.
Abstract : The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown.Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7-16-fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10- and 40-fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51.The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole-resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target-site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola.
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici isolate OP7 with 120 bp insertion expressing CYP51 variant with combination of L50S, S188N, I381V, deltaY459/G460 and N513K mutations assessed as fungal growth inhibition
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
0.821
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype.
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 7
First Page : 1034
Last Page : 1040
Authors : Cools HJ, Bayon C, Atkins S, Lucas JA, Fraaije BA.
Abstract : The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown.Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7-16-fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10- and 40-fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51.The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole-resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target-site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola.
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici isolate TAG1-18 with 120 bp insertion expressing CYP51 variant with combination of L50S, S188N, I381V, deltaY459/G460 and N513K mutations assessed as fungal growth inhibition
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
0.602
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype.
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 7
First Page : 1034
Last Page : 1040
Authors : Cools HJ, Bayon C, Atkins S, Lucas JA, Fraaije BA.
Abstract : The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown.Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7-16-fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10- and 40-fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51.The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole-resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target-site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola.
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici isolate V18 with 120 bp insertion expressing CYP51 variant with combination of L50S, S188N, I381V, deltaY459/G460 and N513K mutations assessed as fungal growth inhibition
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype.
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 7
First Page : 1034
Last Page : 1040
Authors : Cools HJ, Bayon C, Atkins S, Lucas JA, Fraaije BA.
Abstract : The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown.Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7-16-fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10- and 40-fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51.The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole-resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target-site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola.
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici isolate OP6 without 120 bp insertion expressing CYP51 variant with combination of L50S, S188N, I381V, deltaY459/G460 and N513K mutations assessed as fungal growth inhibition
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
0.051
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype.
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 7
First Page : 1034
Last Page : 1040
Authors : Cools HJ, Bayon C, Atkins S, Lucas JA, Fraaije BA.
Abstract : The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown.Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7-16-fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10- and 40-fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51.The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole-resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target-site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola.
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici isolate R10-13 without 120 bp insertion expressing CYP51 variant with combination of L50S, S188N, I381V, deltaY459/G460 and N513K mutations assessed as fungal growth inhibition
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
0.097
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype.
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 7
First Page : 1034
Last Page : 1040
Authors : Cools HJ, Bayon C, Atkins S, Lucas JA, Fraaije BA.
Abstract : The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown.Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7-16-fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10- and 40-fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51.The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole-resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target-site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola.
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici isolate R03-54 without 120 bp insertion expressing CYP51 variant with combination of L50S, S188N, I381V, deltaY459/G460 and N513K mutations assessed as fungal growth inhibition
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype.
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 7
First Page : 1034
Last Page : 1040
Authors : Cools HJ, Bayon C, Atkins S, Lucas JA, Fraaije BA.
Abstract : The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown.Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7-16-fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10- and 40-fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51.The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole-resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target-site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola.
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici isolate R03-29 without 120 bp insertion expressing CYP51 variant with combination of L50S, S188N, I381V, deltaY459/G460 and N513K mutations assessed as fungal growth inhibition
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
0.032
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype.
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 7
First Page : 1034
Last Page : 1040
Authors : Cools HJ, Bayon C, Atkins S, Lucas JA, Fraaije BA.
Abstract : The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown.Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7-16-fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10- and 40-fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51.The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole-resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target-site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola.
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici isolate IPO323 without 120 bp insertion expressing wild type CYP51 assessed as fungal growth inhibition
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
0.0002
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype.
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 7
First Page : 1034
Last Page : 1040
Authors : Cools HJ, Bayon C, Atkins S, Lucas JA, Fraaije BA.
Abstract : The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown.Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7-16-fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10- and 40-fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51.The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole-resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target-site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola.
