Effect on total amino acids level in Sogatella furcifera-sensitive Oryza sativa (rice) plant ARC6248 leaf blade measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 3.54 mg/g fresh wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
3.0
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Effect on total amino acids level in Sogatella furcifera-resistanct Oryza sativa (rice) plant PR116 leaf blade measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 3.91 mg/g fresh wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
4.0
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Effect on total protein level in Sogatella furcifera-sensitive Oryza sativa (rice) plant ARC6248 leaf blade measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 17.67 mg/g fresh wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
18.22
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Effect on total protein level in Sogatella furcifera-resistanct Oryza sativa (rice) plant PR116 leaf blade measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 21.67 mg/g fresh wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
19.44
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Effect on total phenols level in Sogatella furcifera-sensitive Oryza sativa (rice) plant ARC6248 leaf blade measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 17.08 mg/g dry wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
18.75
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Effect on total phenols level in Sogatella furcifera-resistanct Oryza sativa (rice) plant PR116 leaf blade measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 8.08 mg/g dry wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
7.67
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Effect on reducing sugar level in Sogatella furcifera-sensitive Oryza sativa (rice) plant ARC6248 leaf blade measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 8.37 mg/g dry wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
7.5
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Effect on reducing sugar level in Sogatella furcifera-resistanct Oryza sativa (rice) plant PR116 leaf blade measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 9.35 mg/g dry wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
9.13
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Effect on total sugar level in Sogatella furcifera-sensitive Oryza sativa (rice) plant ARC6248 leaf blade measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 34.05 mg/g dry wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
33.21
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Effect on total sugar level in Sogatella furcifera-resistanct Oryza sativa (rice) plant PR116 leaf blade measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 36.16 mg/g dry wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
39.37
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Effect on total amino acids level in Sogatella furcifera-sensitive Oryza sativa (rice) plant ARC6248 leaf sheath measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 2.11 mg/g fresh wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
1.75
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Effect on total amino acids level in Sogatella furcifera-resistanct Oryza sativa (rice) plant PR116 leaf sheath measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 2.58 mg/g fresh wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
2.22
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Effect on total protein level in Sogatella furcifera-sensitive Oryza sativa (rice) plant ARC6248 leaf sheath measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 6.11 mg/g fresh wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
5.0
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Effect on total protein level in Sogatella furcifera-resistanct Oryza sativa (rice) plant PR116 leaf sheath measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 7.06 mg/g fresh wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
7.72
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Miticidal activity against compound treated Phaseolus vulgaris leaf-fed female Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten 13 assessed as mortality at 855 mg/l sprayed on leaf disks measured after 3 days
|
Typhlodromus pyri
|
32.5
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2008
Volume : 27
Issue : 3
First Page : 855
Last Page : 858
Miticidal activity against compound treated Phaseolus vulgaris leaf-fed female Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten 12 assessed as mortality at 855 mg/l sprayed on leaf disks measured after 3 days
|
Typhlodromus pyri
|
7.9
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2008
Volume : 27
Issue : 3
First Page : 855
Last Page : 858
Miticidal activity against compound treated Phaseolus vulgaris leaf-fed female Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten 11 assessed as mortality at 855 mg/l sprayed on leaf disks measured after 3 days
|
Typhlodromus pyri
|
10.4
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2008
Volume : 27
Issue : 3
First Page : 855
Last Page : 858
Miticidal activity against compound treated Phaseolus vulgaris leaf-fed female Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten 10 assessed as mortality at 855 mg/l sprayed on leaf disks measured after 3 days
|
Typhlodromus pyri
|
55.5
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2008
Volume : 27
Issue : 3
First Page : 855
Last Page : 858
Miticidal activity against compound treated Phaseolus vulgaris leaf-fed female Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten 9 assessed as mortality at 855 mg/l sprayed on leaf disks measured after 3 days
|
Typhlodromus pyri
|
74.0
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2008
Volume : 27
Issue : 3
First Page : 855
Last Page : 858
Miticidal activity against compound treated Phaseolus vulgaris leaf-fed female Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten 8 assessed as mortality at 855 mg/l sprayed on leaf disks measured after 3 days
|
Typhlodromus pyri
|
25.9
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2008
Volume : 27
Issue : 3
First Page : 855
Last Page : 858
Miticidal activity against compound treated Phaseolus vulgaris leaf-fed female Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten 7 assessed as mortality at 855 mg/l sprayed on leaf disks measured after 3 days
|
Typhlodromus pyri
|
40.9
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2008
Volume : 27
Issue : 3
First Page : 855
Last Page : 858
Miticidal activity against compound treated Phaseolus vulgaris leaf-fed female Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten 6 assessed as mortality at 855 mg/l sprayed on leaf disks measured after 3 days
|
Typhlodromus pyri
|
7.6
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2008
Volume : 27
Issue : 3
First Page : 855
Last Page : 858
Miticidal activity against compound treated Phaseolus vulgaris leaf-fed female Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten 5 assessed as mortality at 855 mg/l sprayed on leaf disks measured after 3 days
|
Typhlodromus pyri
|
8.3
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2008
Volume : 27
Issue : 3
First Page : 855
Last Page : 858
Miticidal activity against compound treated Phaseolus vulgaris leaf-fed female Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten 4 assessed as mortality at 855 mg/l sprayed on leaf disks measured after 3 days
|
Typhlodromus pyri
|
56.2
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2008
Volume : 27
Issue : 3
First Page : 855
Last Page : 858
Miticidal activity against compound treated Phaseolus vulgaris leaf-fed female Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten 3 assessed as mortality at 855 mg/l sprayed on leaf disks measured after 3 days
|
Typhlodromus pyri
|
23.6
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2008
Volume : 27
Issue : 3
First Page : 855
Last Page : 858
Miticidal activity against compound treated Phaseolus vulgaris leaf-fed female Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten 2 assessed as mortality at 855 mg/l sprayed on leaf disks measured after 3 days
|
Typhlodromus pyri
|
33.3
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2008
Volume : 27
Issue : 3
First Page : 855
Last Page : 858
Miticidal activity against compound treated Phaseolus vulgaris leaf-fed female Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten 1 assessed as mortality at 855 mg/l sprayed on leaf disks measured after 3 days
|
Typhlodromus pyri
|
41.1
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2008
Volume : 27
Issue : 3
First Page : 855
Last Page : 858
Residual toxicity against compound treated rice leaves-fed adult Anagrus nilaparvatae assessed as mortality measured on day 7 post insecticide treatment to plant
|
Anagrus
|
10.0
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Assessment of the impact of insecticides on Anagrus nilaparvatae (Pang et Wang) (Hymenoptera: Mymanidae), an egg parasitoid of the rice planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)
Year : 2008
Volume : 27
Issue : 3
First Page : 514
Last Page : 522
Authors : Wang HuaiYin, Yang Yang, Su JianYa, Shen JinLiang, Gao CongFen, Zhu YuCheng.
Abstract : The parasitoid, Anagrus nilaparvatae (Pang et Wang), is a major natural enemy of the rice planthopper Nilaparvata lugens. It plays an important role in the integrated pest management (IPM) of the rice planthopper, although chemical control is also effective. However, compatibility of biological and chemical control has never been investigated with this system. This study was designed to assess potential insecticide toxicities to the wasps, including acute and residual toxicity through contact and oral ingestion. Fourteen insecticides, including organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids, insect growth regulators (IGRs), neonicotine, phenylpyrazole, and antibiotics were selected to test their toxicities against the adult parasitoid. Median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) of each insecticide was first determined. Acute contact toxicity tests indicated that chlorpyrifos had the highest toxicity to the wasp, requiring the least chemical to achieve 50% mortality. Imidacloprid was the second most toxic insecticide, while IGRs had the lowest toxicity. Results of oral toxicity tests of 14 pesticides showed that dichlorvos was the most toxic, which generated 100% mortality only 2h after treatment. Isoprocarb, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam were the second most toxic insecticides and killed all wasps in a 4-h period. Residual toxicity results indicated that imidacloprid was the most persistent insecticide, and it retained residual toxicity (80.7% mortality) on rice leaves up to 7d after treatment. Thiamethoxam, triazophos, and fipronil also had long residual toxicity to the wasps with 7-d mortalities as 66.8%, 54.6%, and 50.0%, respectively. IGRs showed very low contact and residual toxicity, but exhibited certain chronic effects of oral toxicity on longevity, fecundity, and offspring emergence.
Acute oral toxicity against female adult Anagrus nilaparvatae in petridish under laboratory conditions assessed as mortality compound treated as emulsible concentrate with acetone and Triton X-100 measured after 8 hr
|
Anagrus
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Assessment of the impact of insecticides on Anagrus nilaparvatae (Pang et Wang) (Hymenoptera: Mymanidae), an egg parasitoid of the rice planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)
Year : 2008
Volume : 27
Issue : 3
First Page : 514
Last Page : 522
Authors : Wang HuaiYin, Yang Yang, Su JianYa, Shen JinLiang, Gao CongFen, Zhu YuCheng.
Abstract : The parasitoid, Anagrus nilaparvatae (Pang et Wang), is a major natural enemy of the rice planthopper Nilaparvata lugens. It plays an important role in the integrated pest management (IPM) of the rice planthopper, although chemical control is also effective. However, compatibility of biological and chemical control has never been investigated with this system. This study was designed to assess potential insecticide toxicities to the wasps, including acute and residual toxicity through contact and oral ingestion. Fourteen insecticides, including organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids, insect growth regulators (IGRs), neonicotine, phenylpyrazole, and antibiotics were selected to test their toxicities against the adult parasitoid. Median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) of each insecticide was first determined. Acute contact toxicity tests indicated that chlorpyrifos had the highest toxicity to the wasp, requiring the least chemical to achieve 50% mortality. Imidacloprid was the second most toxic insecticide, while IGRs had the lowest toxicity. Results of oral toxicity tests of 14 pesticides showed that dichlorvos was the most toxic, which generated 100% mortality only 2h after treatment. Isoprocarb, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam were the second most toxic insecticides and killed all wasps in a 4-h period. Residual toxicity results indicated that imidacloprid was the most persistent insecticide, and it retained residual toxicity (80.7% mortality) on rice leaves up to 7d after treatment. Thiamethoxam, triazophos, and fipronil also had long residual toxicity to the wasps with 7-d mortalities as 66.8%, 54.6%, and 50.0%, respectively. IGRs showed very low contact and residual toxicity, but exhibited certain chronic effects of oral toxicity on longevity, fecundity, and offspring emergence.
Acute contact toxicity against adult Anagrus nilaparvatae assessed as dead parasitoid wasps compound treated for 1 hr measured after 8 hr wash-out period
|
Anagrus
|
0.002
mgAi/L
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Assessment of the impact of insecticides on Anagrus nilaparvatae (Pang et Wang) (Hymenoptera: Mymanidae), an egg parasitoid of the rice planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)
Year : 2008
Volume : 27
Issue : 3
First Page : 514
Last Page : 522
Authors : Wang HuaiYin, Yang Yang, Su JianYa, Shen JinLiang, Gao CongFen, Zhu YuCheng.
Abstract : The parasitoid, Anagrus nilaparvatae (Pang et Wang), is a major natural enemy of the rice planthopper Nilaparvata lugens. It plays an important role in the integrated pest management (IPM) of the rice planthopper, although chemical control is also effective. However, compatibility of biological and chemical control has never been investigated with this system. This study was designed to assess potential insecticide toxicities to the wasps, including acute and residual toxicity through contact and oral ingestion. Fourteen insecticides, including organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids, insect growth regulators (IGRs), neonicotine, phenylpyrazole, and antibiotics were selected to test their toxicities against the adult parasitoid. Median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) of each insecticide was first determined. Acute contact toxicity tests indicated that chlorpyrifos had the highest toxicity to the wasp, requiring the least chemical to achieve 50% mortality. Imidacloprid was the second most toxic insecticide, while IGRs had the lowest toxicity. Results of oral toxicity tests of 14 pesticides showed that dichlorvos was the most toxic, which generated 100% mortality only 2h after treatment. Isoprocarb, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam were the second most toxic insecticides and killed all wasps in a 4-h period. Residual toxicity results indicated that imidacloprid was the most persistent insecticide, and it retained residual toxicity (80.7% mortality) on rice leaves up to 7d after treatment. Thiamethoxam, triazophos, and fipronil also had long residual toxicity to the wasps with 7-d mortalities as 66.8%, 54.6%, and 50.0%, respectively. IGRs showed very low contact and residual toxicity, but exhibited certain chronic effects of oral toxicity on longevity, fecundity, and offspring emergence.
Insecticidal activity against Sogatella furcifera on insect-sensitive rice plant ARC6248 assessed as nymphal duration at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 14.48 days)
|
Sogatella furcifera
|
14.63
day
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Insecticidal activity against Sogatella furcifera on insect-resistanct rice plant PR116 assessed as nymphal duration at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 11.75 days)
|
Sogatella furcifera
|
11.75
day
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Insecticidal activity against Sogatella furcifera on insect-sensitive rice plant ARC6248 assessed as resurgence ratio at 0.100% concentration
|
Sogatella furcifera
|
1.0
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Insecticidal activity against Sogatella furcifera on insect-resistanct rice plant PR116 assessed as resurgence ratio at 0.100% concentration
|
Sogatella furcifera
|
1.0
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Insecticidal activity against Sogatella furcifera on insect-sensitive rice plant ARC6248 assessed as reproduction at 0.100% concentration
|
Sogatella furcifera
|
None
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Insecticidal activity against Sogatella furcifera on insect-resistanct rice plant PR116 assessed as hopper population at 0.100% concentration
|
Sogatella furcifera
|
None
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Resistant ratio, LC50 for Tetranychus urticae FPY 14 (two-spotted spider mite) to LC50 for Tetranychus urticae GSS
|
Tetranychus urticae
|
6.9
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Toxicity, inheritance of fenpyroximate resistance, and detoxification-enzyme levels in a laboratory-selected fenpyroximate-resistant strain of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 6
First Page : 605
Last Page : 610
Authors : Ay R, Kara FE.
Abstract : A strain (BEYO 2) of Tetranychus urticae was selected with fenpyroximate for 14 selections. The resulting strain (named FPY 14) became resistant to fenpyroximate. The present study examines the inheritance of fenpyroximate resistance, the toxicity of some insecticides and acaricides, detoxification enzymes [esterase, glutathione S-transferase (GST), and monooxygenase (P450)], and the synergistic ratios of certain synergists [piperonyl butoxide (PBO), S-benzyl-O,O-diisopropyl phosphorothioate (IBP), and triphenyl phosphate (TPP)] in the FPY 14 strain of T. urticae. A spray tower-Petri dish method was used in the selection and toxicity studies. The level of fenpyroximate resistance was 64.43-fold higher in the FPY 14 strain and 1.06-fold higher in the BEYO 2 strain compared to the GSS (German susceptible strain) strain. The FPY 14 strain was 7.80-, 6.90-, 6.43-, 4.78- and 2.78-fold more resistant to abamectin, chlorpyrifos, propargite, clofentezine and amitraz, respectively. Fenpyroximate resistance is inherited as an incompletely dominant trait with no sex linkage. None of the synergists showed a significant synergistic effect. In the FPY 14 strain, the activities of esterase, GST and P450 enzymes were 1.92-, 1.06- and 3.96-fold higher, respectively, when compared to the susceptible GSS strain. The P450 and esterase enzymes might play a role in the mechanism of resistance to fenpyroximate.
Insecticidal activity against Tetranychus urticae FPY 14 (two-spotted spider mite) assessed as mortality at 26 +/- 2 degC with 60 +/- 5% RH for first 24 hr
|
Tetranychus urticae
|
85.84
mgAi/L
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Toxicity, inheritance of fenpyroximate resistance, and detoxification-enzyme levels in a laboratory-selected fenpyroximate-resistant strain of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 6
First Page : 605
Last Page : 610
Authors : Ay R, Kara FE.
Abstract : A strain (BEYO 2) of Tetranychus urticae was selected with fenpyroximate for 14 selections. The resulting strain (named FPY 14) became resistant to fenpyroximate. The present study examines the inheritance of fenpyroximate resistance, the toxicity of some insecticides and acaricides, detoxification enzymes [esterase, glutathione S-transferase (GST), and monooxygenase (P450)], and the synergistic ratios of certain synergists [piperonyl butoxide (PBO), S-benzyl-O,O-diisopropyl phosphorothioate (IBP), and triphenyl phosphate (TPP)] in the FPY 14 strain of T. urticae. A spray tower-Petri dish method was used in the selection and toxicity studies. The level of fenpyroximate resistance was 64.43-fold higher in the FPY 14 strain and 1.06-fold higher in the BEYO 2 strain compared to the GSS (German susceptible strain) strain. The FPY 14 strain was 7.80-, 6.90-, 6.43-, 4.78- and 2.78-fold more resistant to abamectin, chlorpyrifos, propargite, clofentezine and amitraz, respectively. Fenpyroximate resistance is inherited as an incompletely dominant trait with no sex linkage. None of the synergists showed a significant synergistic effect. In the FPY 14 strain, the activities of esterase, GST and P450 enzymes were 1.92-, 1.06- and 3.96-fold higher, respectively, when compared to the susceptible GSS strain. The P450 and esterase enzymes might play a role in the mechanism of resistance to fenpyroximate.
Insecticidal activity against Tetranychus urticae GSS (two-spotted spider mite) assessed as mortality at 26 +/- 2 degC with 60 +/- 5% RH for first 24 hr
|
Tetranychus urticae
|
12.44
mgAi/L
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Toxicity, inheritance of fenpyroximate resistance, and detoxification-enzyme levels in a laboratory-selected fenpyroximate-resistant strain of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 6
First Page : 605
Last Page : 610
Authors : Ay R, Kara FE.
Abstract : A strain (BEYO 2) of Tetranychus urticae was selected with fenpyroximate for 14 selections. The resulting strain (named FPY 14) became resistant to fenpyroximate. The present study examines the inheritance of fenpyroximate resistance, the toxicity of some insecticides and acaricides, detoxification enzymes [esterase, glutathione S-transferase (GST), and monooxygenase (P450)], and the synergistic ratios of certain synergists [piperonyl butoxide (PBO), S-benzyl-O,O-diisopropyl phosphorothioate (IBP), and triphenyl phosphate (TPP)] in the FPY 14 strain of T. urticae. A spray tower-Petri dish method was used in the selection and toxicity studies. The level of fenpyroximate resistance was 64.43-fold higher in the FPY 14 strain and 1.06-fold higher in the BEYO 2 strain compared to the GSS (German susceptible strain) strain. The FPY 14 strain was 7.80-, 6.90-, 6.43-, 4.78- and 2.78-fold more resistant to abamectin, chlorpyrifos, propargite, clofentezine and amitraz, respectively. Fenpyroximate resistance is inherited as an incompletely dominant trait with no sex linkage. None of the synergists showed a significant synergistic effect. In the FPY 14 strain, the activities of esterase, GST and P450 enzymes were 1.92-, 1.06- and 3.96-fold higher, respectively, when compared to the susceptible GSS strain. The P450 and esterase enzymes might play a role in the mechanism of resistance to fenpyroximate.
Risk quotient, recommended field rate (g/ha) to LC50 for Trichogramma nubilale (mg/L)
|
Trichogramma nubilale
|
7407.0
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Susceptibility of adult Trichogramma nubilale (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) to selected insecticides with different modes of action
Year : 2012
Volume : 34
First Page : 76
Last Page : 72
Authors : Wang Y, Yu R, Zhao X, Chen L, Wu C, Cang T, Wang Q.
Abstract : The parasitic wasp Trichogramma nubilale (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) is one of the most suitable parasitoids for controlling Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Although extensive toxicological tests have been carried out to elucidate the toxicities of insecticides to trichogrammatids, the acute toxicity risks of commonly used insecticides to T. nubilale are not well known. Among the 7 classes of tested chemicals, organophosphates and carbamates had the highest intrinsic toxicity to the parasitoid with LC50 values ranging from 0.081 (0.062–0.12) to 2.10 (1.23–3.47) and from 0.12 (0.11–0.14) to 0.95 (0.87–1.05) mg a.i. per liter, respectively. The phenylpyrazoles (with the exception of butene-fipronil), avermectins, neonicotinoids and pyrethroids induced intermediate toxicity responses with LC50 values ranging from 0.29 to 4.67, 2.36 to 11.27, 1.86 to 311.9, and 10.98–150.3 mg a.i. per liter, respectively. In contrast, insect growth regulators (IGRs) exhibited the least toxicity to the parasitoid with LC50 values ranging from 3452 (3114–3877) to 10,168 (8848–12,027) mg a.i. per liter. A risk quotient analysis indicated that neonicotinoids, avermectins, pyrethroids, IGRs and phenylpyrazoles (with the exception of butene-fipronil) were safe, but organophosphates and carbamates were slightly to moderately toxic or highly toxic to T. nubilale. This study provided informative data for implementing both biological and chemical control strategies in integrated pest management (IPM) of corn lepidopterans.
Contact toxicity against Trichogramma nubilale assessed as mortality after 24 hr by modified slight dry film method
|
Trichogramma nubilale
|
0.45
mgAi/L
|
|
Contact toxicity against Trichogramma nubilale assessed as mortality after 24 hr by modified slight dry film method
|
Trichogramma nubilale
|
0.081
mgAi/L
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Susceptibility of adult Trichogramma nubilale (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) to selected insecticides with different modes of action
Year : 2012
Volume : 34
First Page : 76
Last Page : 72
Authors : Wang Y, Yu R, Zhao X, Chen L, Wu C, Cang T, Wang Q.
Abstract : The parasitic wasp Trichogramma nubilale (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) is one of the most suitable parasitoids for controlling Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Although extensive toxicological tests have been carried out to elucidate the toxicities of insecticides to trichogrammatids, the acute toxicity risks of commonly used insecticides to T. nubilale are not well known. Among the 7 classes of tested chemicals, organophosphates and carbamates had the highest intrinsic toxicity to the parasitoid with LC50 values ranging from 0.081 (0.062–0.12) to 2.10 (1.23–3.47) and from 0.12 (0.11–0.14) to 0.95 (0.87–1.05) mg a.i. per liter, respectively. The phenylpyrazoles (with the exception of butene-fipronil), avermectins, neonicotinoids and pyrethroids induced intermediate toxicity responses with LC50 values ranging from 0.29 to 4.67, 2.36 to 11.27, 1.86 to 311.9, and 10.98–150.3 mg a.i. per liter, respectively. In contrast, insect growth regulators (IGRs) exhibited the least toxicity to the parasitoid with LC50 values ranging from 3452 (3114–3877) to 10,168 (8848–12,027) mg a.i. per liter. A risk quotient analysis indicated that neonicotinoids, avermectins, pyrethroids, IGRs and phenylpyrazoles (with the exception of butene-fipronil) were safe, but organophosphates and carbamates were slightly to moderately toxic or highly toxic to T. nubilale. This study provided informative data for implementing both biological and chemical control strategies in integrated pest management (IPM) of corn lepidopterans.
Effect on total phenols level in Sogatella furcifera-sensitive Oryza sativa (rice) plant ARC6248 leaf sheath measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 12.75 mg/g dry wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
14.08
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Effect on total phenols level in Sogatella furcifera-resistanct Oryza sativa (rice) plant PR116 leaf sheath measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 5.75 mg/g dry wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
6.08
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Effect on reducing sugar level in Sogatella furcifera-sensitive Oryza sativa (rice) plant ARC6248 leaf sheath measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 6.41 mg/g dry wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
6.31
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Effect on reducing sugar level in Sogatella furcifera-resistanct Oryza sativa (rice) plant PR116 leaf sheath measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 7.50 mg/g dry wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
7.72
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Effect on total sugar level in Sogatella furcifera-sensitive Oryza sativa (rice) plant ARC6248 leaf sheath measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 25.98 mg/g dry wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
25.98
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Effect on total sugar level in Sogatella furcifera-resistanct Oryza sativa (rice) plant PR116 leaf sheath measured per gram of dry weight at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 30.27 mg/g dry wt)
|
Oryza sativa
|
31.34
mg
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Insecticidal activity against Sogatella furcifera on insect-sensitive rice plant ARC6248 assessed as growth index at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 2.38%)
|
Sogatella furcifera
|
2.25
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Insecticidal activity against Sogatella furcifera on insect-resistanct rice plant PR116 assessed as growth index at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 6.02%)
|
Sogatella furcifera
|
5.94
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Insecticidal activity against Sogatella furcifera on insect-sensitive rice plant ARC6248 assessed as nymphal survival at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 34.17%)
|
Sogatella furcifera
|
32.5
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Insecticidal activity against Sogatella furcifera on insect-resistanct rice plant PR116 assessed as nymphal survival at 0.100% concentration (Rvb = 70.28%)
|
Sogatella furcifera
|
69.45
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 2
First Page : 118
Last Page : 124
Insecticidal activity against Lipaphis erysimi (mustard aphids) assessed as insect mortality at 300 mg/mL
|
Lipaphis erysimi
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Year : 2011
Volume : 21
Issue : 21
First Page : 6404
Last Page : 6408
Insecticidal activity against Tetranychus cinnabarinus (carmine spider mite) assessed as insect mortality at 300 mg/mL
|
Tetranychus cinnabarinus
|
71.1
%
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Year : 2011
Volume : 21
Issue : 21
First Page : 6404
Last Page : 6408
Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase in Musca domestica (house fly) brain by Ellman's method
|
Musca domestica
|
9510.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Year : 2011
Volume : 21
Issue : 21
First Page : 6404
Last Page : 6408
Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase in Drosophila melanogaster brain by Ellman's method
|
Drosophila melanogaster
|
1830.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Year : 2011
Volume : 21
Issue : 21
First Page : 6404
Last Page : 6408
Insecticidal activity against adult Doru luteipes (earwigs) in compound treated maize leaf assessed as insect avoidance by behavioral bioassay
|
Doru
|
None
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 12
First Page : 1535
Last Page : 1540
Relative toxicity in adult Doru luteipes (earwigs) in compound treated maize leaf assessed as mortality measured by time-mortality bioassay
|
Doru
|
1.0
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 12
First Page : 1535
Last Page : 1540
Insecticidal activity against adult Doru luteipes (earwigs) in compound treated maize leaf assessed as mortality measured by time-mortality bioassay
|
Doru
|
1.73
hr
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 12
First Page : 1535
Last Page : 1540
Relative toxicity in second instar Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) in compound treated maize leaf assessed as mortality measured by Time-mortality bioassay
|
Spodoptera frugiperda
|
1.26
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 12
First Page : 1535
Last Page : 1540
Insecticidal activity in second instar Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) in compound treated maize leaf assessed as mortality measured by Time-mortality bioassay
|
Spodoptera frugiperda
|
21.52
min
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 12
First Page : 1535
Last Page : 1540
Selectivity ratio of LC50 for adult earwig species Doru luteipes to LC50 for second instar fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda by concentration-mortality bioassay
|
None
|
1.2
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 12
First Page : 1535
Last Page : 1540
Relative toxicity in adult Doru luteipes (earwigs) in compound treated maize leaf assessed as mortality measured after 48 hr by concentration-mortality bioassay
|
Doru
|
550000.0
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 12
First Page : 1535
Last Page : 1540
Insecticidal activity against adult Doru luteipes (earwigs) in compound treated maize leaf assessed as mortality measured after 48 hr by concentration-mortality bioassay
|
Doru
|
1.4
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 12
First Page : 1535
Last Page : 1540
Relative toxicity in second instar Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) in compound treated maize leaf assessed as mortality measured after 48 hr by concentration-mortality bioassay
|
Spodoptera frugiperda
|
3.57
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 12
First Page : 1535
Last Page : 1540
Insecticidal activity in second instar Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) in compound treated maize leaf assessed as mortality measured after 48 hr by concentration-mortality bioassay
|
Spodoptera frugiperda
|
1.18
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2011
Volume : 30
Issue : 12
First Page : 1535
Last Page : 1540
Insecticidal activity against Lepidoptera infected rice plant assessed as increase in grain yield at 0.75 kg ai/ha applied as emulsified concentrates through foliar spray on 30 to 50 days post planting (Rvb = 28%)
|
Lepidoptera
|
36.0
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2006
Volume : 25
Issue : 5
First Page : 409
Last Page : 417
Insecticidal activity against Lepidoptera infected rice plant assessed as white earhead damage at 0.75 kg ai/ha applied as emulsified concentrates through foliar spray on 30 to 50 days post planting (Rvb = 12.17%)
|
Lepidoptera
|
6.72
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2006
Volume : 25
Issue : 5
First Page : 409
Last Page : 417
Insecticidal activity against Lepidoptera infected rice plant assessed as white earhead damage at 1 kg ai/ha applied as granules on 30 to 50 days post planting (Rvb = 12.17%)
|
Lepidoptera
|
6.18
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2006
Volume : 25
Issue : 5
First Page : 409
Last Page : 417
Insecticidal activity against Lepidoptera infected rice plant assessed as dead heart damage at 0.75 kg ai/ha applied as emulsified concentrates through foliar spray on 30 to 50 days post planting (Rvb = 11.87%)
|
Lepidoptera
|
7.26
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2006
Volume : 25
Issue : 5
First Page : 409
Last Page : 417
Insecticidal activity against Lepidoptera infected rice plant assessed as dead heart damage at 1 kg ai/ha applied as granules on 30 to 50 days post planting (Rvb = 11.87%)
|
Lepidoptera
|
5.39
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2006
Volume : 25
Issue : 5
First Page : 409
Last Page : 417
Insecticidal activity against Lepidoptera infected rice plant assessed as increase in grain yield at 1 kg ai/ha applied as granules on 30 to 50 days post planting (Rvb = 28%)
|
Lepidoptera
|
37.0
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Year : 2006
Volume : 25
Issue : 5
First Page : 409
Last Page : 417
Insecticidal activity against third instar larvae of topically treated Spodoptera littoralis assessed per larva after 24 hr
|
Spodoptera littoralis
|
0.12
ug
|
|
Journal : Ind Crops Prod
Title : Insecticidal, antifeedant and antifungal activities of two glucosides isolated from the seeds of Simmondsia chinensis
Year : 2007
Volume : 26
Issue : 3
First Page : 345
Last Page : 350
Authors : Abbassy MA, Abdelgaleil SAM, Belal ASH, Abdel Rasoula MAA.
Abstract : Insecticidal, antifeedant and antifungal activities of two glucosides isolated from the seeds of jojoba plant, Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider, were tested. Bioassay-driven fractionations of the chloroform extract of the plant seeds over silica gel columns followed by recrystallization afforded two glucosides, simmondsin and simmondsin 2'-ferulate. The structure of these glucosides was confirmed by physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic analyses. In topical application assay, simmondsin and simmondsin 2'-ferulate showed a strong insecticidal activity against the third instar larvae of Spodoptera littoralis Boisduval (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with LD50 values of 1.49 and 2.58 μg/larva, respectively. Both compounds showed antifeedant activity against S. littoralis in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the isolated compounds showed moderate to high antifungal activity against four plant pathogenic fungi. This is the first study on the insecticidal, antifeedant and antifungal activities of these glucosides.
Insecticidal activity against Helicoverpa zea (corn earworm) fed on compound pre-treated cabbage leaves assessed as insect mortality measured after 48 hr by leaf-dipping method
|
Helicoverpa zea
|
63.9
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 2011
Volume : 36
Issue : 1
First Page : 44
Last Page : 47
Insecticidal activity against Chilo suppressalis (rice stem borer) fed on compound pre-treated rice leaves assessed as insect mortality measured after 3 days by leaf-dipping method
|
Chilo suppressalis
|
2.61
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 2011
Volume : 36
Issue : 1
First Page : 44
Last Page : 47
Insecticidal activity against Cnaphalocrocis medinalis fed on compound pre-treated corn leaves assessed as insect mortality measured after 3 days by leaf-dipping method
|
Cnaphalocrocis medinalis
|
13.9
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 2011
Volume : 36
Issue : 1
First Page : 44
Last Page : 47
Toxicity in Rattus norvegicus Sprague-Dawley (rat) assessed as mortality measured after 24 hr administered orally through force feeding method
|
Rattus norvegicus
|
163.0
mg.kg-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 2011
Volume : 36
Issue : 1
First Page : 44
Last Page : 47
Insecticidal activity against Helicoverpa zea (corn earworm) fed on compound pre-treated cabbage leaves assessed as insect mortality measured after 24 hr by leaf-dipping method
|
Helicoverpa zea
|
390.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 2011
Volume : 36
Issue : 1
First Page : 44
Last Page : 47
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
0.00016
g/m2
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of tropolone.
Year : 2003
Volume : 26
Issue : 10
First Page : 1487
Last Page : 1490
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : Tropolone (1). showed strong insecticidal activity on Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Dermatophagoides farinae. The insecticidal effect of 1 on both insects was stronger than that of hinokitiol (2, 4-isopropyltropolone: major component of Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. hondai MAKINO). The insecticidal activity of both compounds was higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), used as a positive control. Compound 1 had potent insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus, although its activity was much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos. Like 2, 1 showed the inhibitory activity toward metalloproteases such as carboxypeptidase A, collagenase and thermolysin and their inhibitory activities were much higher than that of 1,10-phenanthroline, used as a positive control. The inhibitory activity of 1 on carboxypeptidase A was especially high, its 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) being 2.73 x 10(-6) M. This inhibitory activity was as high as that of 2 (IC(50): 2.76 x 10(-6) M). Compound 1 inhibited the growth of seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi and their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were in the range of 6.0-50.0 microg/ml. In particular, 1 showed strong antifungal activity on Pythium aphanidermatum IFO-32440 (MIC: 6.0 microg/ml).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00005 g/m'2 after 48 hr
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
40.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of tropolone.
Year : 2003
Volume : 26
Issue : 10
First Page : 1487
Last Page : 1490
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : Tropolone (1). showed strong insecticidal activity on Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Dermatophagoides farinae. The insecticidal effect of 1 on both insects was stronger than that of hinokitiol (2, 4-isopropyltropolone: major component of Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. hondai MAKINO). The insecticidal activity of both compounds was higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), used as a positive control. Compound 1 had potent insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus, although its activity was much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos. Like 2, 1 showed the inhibitory activity toward metalloproteases such as carboxypeptidase A, collagenase and thermolysin and their inhibitory activities were much higher than that of 1,10-phenanthroline, used as a positive control. The inhibitory activity of 1 on carboxypeptidase A was especially high, its 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) being 2.73 x 10(-6) M. This inhibitory activity was as high as that of 2 (IC(50): 2.76 x 10(-6) M). Compound 1 inhibited the growth of seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi and their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were in the range of 6.0-50.0 microg/ml. In particular, 1 showed strong antifungal activity on Pythium aphanidermatum IFO-32440 (MIC: 6.0 microg/ml).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00010 g/m'2 after 48 hr
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
75.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of tropolone.
Year : 2003
Volume : 26
Issue : 10
First Page : 1487
Last Page : 1490
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : Tropolone (1). showed strong insecticidal activity on Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Dermatophagoides farinae. The insecticidal effect of 1 on both insects was stronger than that of hinokitiol (2, 4-isopropyltropolone: major component of Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. hondai MAKINO). The insecticidal activity of both compounds was higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), used as a positive control. Compound 1 had potent insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus, although its activity was much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos. Like 2, 1 showed the inhibitory activity toward metalloproteases such as carboxypeptidase A, collagenase and thermolysin and their inhibitory activities were much higher than that of 1,10-phenanthroline, used as a positive control. The inhibitory activity of 1 on carboxypeptidase A was especially high, its 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) being 2.73 x 10(-6) M. This inhibitory activity was as high as that of 2 (IC(50): 2.76 x 10(-6) M). Compound 1 inhibited the growth of seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi and their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were in the range of 6.0-50.0 microg/ml. In particular, 1 showed strong antifungal activity on Pythium aphanidermatum IFO-32440 (MIC: 6.0 microg/ml).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00025 g/m'2 after 48 hr
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of tropolone.
Year : 2003
Volume : 26
Issue : 10
First Page : 1487
Last Page : 1490
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : Tropolone (1). showed strong insecticidal activity on Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Dermatophagoides farinae. The insecticidal effect of 1 on both insects was stronger than that of hinokitiol (2, 4-isopropyltropolone: major component of Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. hondai MAKINO). The insecticidal activity of both compounds was higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), used as a positive control. Compound 1 had potent insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus, although its activity was much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos. Like 2, 1 showed the inhibitory activity toward metalloproteases such as carboxypeptidase A, collagenase and thermolysin and their inhibitory activities were much higher than that of 1,10-phenanthroline, used as a positive control. The inhibitory activity of 1 on carboxypeptidase A was especially high, its 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) being 2.73 x 10(-6) M. This inhibitory activity was as high as that of 2 (IC(50): 2.76 x 10(-6) M). Compound 1 inhibited the growth of seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi and their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were in the range of 6.0-50.0 microg/ml. In particular, 1 showed strong antifungal activity on Pythium aphanidermatum IFO-32440 (MIC: 6.0 microg/ml).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00050 g/m'2 after 48 hr
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of tropolone.
Year : 2003
Volume : 26
Issue : 10
First Page : 1487
Last Page : 1490
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : Tropolone (1). showed strong insecticidal activity on Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Dermatophagoides farinae. The insecticidal effect of 1 on both insects was stronger than that of hinokitiol (2, 4-isopropyltropolone: major component of Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. hondai MAKINO). The insecticidal activity of both compounds was higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), used as a positive control. Compound 1 had potent insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus, although its activity was much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos. Like 2, 1 showed the inhibitory activity toward metalloproteases such as carboxypeptidase A, collagenase and thermolysin and their inhibitory activities were much higher than that of 1,10-phenanthroline, used as a positive control. The inhibitory activity of 1 on carboxypeptidase A was especially high, its 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) being 2.73 x 10(-6) M. This inhibitory activity was as high as that of 2 (IC(50): 2.76 x 10(-6) M). Compound 1 inhibited the growth of seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi and their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were in the range of 6.0-50.0 microg/ml. In particular, 1 showed strong antifungal activity on Pythium aphanidermatum IFO-32440 (MIC: 6.0 microg/ml).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00001 g/m'2 after 24 hr
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
0.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of tropolone.
Year : 2003
Volume : 26
Issue : 10
First Page : 1487
Last Page : 1490
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : Tropolone (1). showed strong insecticidal activity on Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Dermatophagoides farinae. The insecticidal effect of 1 on both insects was stronger than that of hinokitiol (2, 4-isopropyltropolone: major component of Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. hondai MAKINO). The insecticidal activity of both compounds was higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), used as a positive control. Compound 1 had potent insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus, although its activity was much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos. Like 2, 1 showed the inhibitory activity toward metalloproteases such as carboxypeptidase A, collagenase and thermolysin and their inhibitory activities were much higher than that of 1,10-phenanthroline, used as a positive control. The inhibitory activity of 1 on carboxypeptidase A was especially high, its 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) being 2.73 x 10(-6) M. This inhibitory activity was as high as that of 2 (IC(50): 2.76 x 10(-6) M). Compound 1 inhibited the growth of seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi and their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were in the range of 6.0-50.0 microg/ml. In particular, 1 showed strong antifungal activity on Pythium aphanidermatum IFO-32440 (MIC: 6.0 microg/ml).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00010 g/m'2 after 24 hr
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
25.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of tropolone.
Year : 2003
Volume : 26
Issue : 10
First Page : 1487
Last Page : 1490
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : Tropolone (1). showed strong insecticidal activity on Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Dermatophagoides farinae. The insecticidal effect of 1 on both insects was stronger than that of hinokitiol (2, 4-isopropyltropolone: major component of Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. hondai MAKINO). The insecticidal activity of both compounds was higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), used as a positive control. Compound 1 had potent insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus, although its activity was much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos. Like 2, 1 showed the inhibitory activity toward metalloproteases such as carboxypeptidase A, collagenase and thermolysin and their inhibitory activities were much higher than that of 1,10-phenanthroline, used as a positive control. The inhibitory activity of 1 on carboxypeptidase A was especially high, its 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) being 2.73 x 10(-6) M. This inhibitory activity was as high as that of 2 (IC(50): 2.76 x 10(-6) M). Compound 1 inhibited the growth of seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi and their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were in the range of 6.0-50.0 microg/ml. In particular, 1 showed strong antifungal activity on Pythium aphanidermatum IFO-32440 (MIC: 6.0 microg/ml).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00005 g/m'2 after 24 hr
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
10.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of tropolone.
Year : 2003
Volume : 26
Issue : 10
First Page : 1487
Last Page : 1490
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : Tropolone (1). showed strong insecticidal activity on Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Dermatophagoides farinae. The insecticidal effect of 1 on both insects was stronger than that of hinokitiol (2, 4-isopropyltropolone: major component of Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. hondai MAKINO). The insecticidal activity of both compounds was higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), used as a positive control. Compound 1 had potent insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus, although its activity was much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos. Like 2, 1 showed the inhibitory activity toward metalloproteases such as carboxypeptidase A, collagenase and thermolysin and their inhibitory activities were much higher than that of 1,10-phenanthroline, used as a positive control. The inhibitory activity of 1 on carboxypeptidase A was especially high, its 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) being 2.73 x 10(-6) M. This inhibitory activity was as high as that of 2 (IC(50): 2.76 x 10(-6) M). Compound 1 inhibited the growth of seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi and their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were in the range of 6.0-50.0 microg/ml. In particular, 1 showed strong antifungal activity on Pythium aphanidermatum IFO-32440 (MIC: 6.0 microg/ml).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00025 g/m'2 after 24 hr
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
60.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of tropolone.
Year : 2003
Volume : 26
Issue : 10
First Page : 1487
Last Page : 1490
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : Tropolone (1). showed strong insecticidal activity on Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Dermatophagoides farinae. The insecticidal effect of 1 on both insects was stronger than that of hinokitiol (2, 4-isopropyltropolone: major component of Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. hondai MAKINO). The insecticidal activity of both compounds was higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), used as a positive control. Compound 1 had potent insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus, although its activity was much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos. Like 2, 1 showed the inhibitory activity toward metalloproteases such as carboxypeptidase A, collagenase and thermolysin and their inhibitory activities were much higher than that of 1,10-phenanthroline, used as a positive control. The inhibitory activity of 1 on carboxypeptidase A was especially high, its 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) being 2.73 x 10(-6) M. This inhibitory activity was as high as that of 2 (IC(50): 2.76 x 10(-6) M). Compound 1 inhibited the growth of seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi and their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were in the range of 6.0-50.0 microg/ml. In particular, 1 showed strong antifungal activity on Pythium aphanidermatum IFO-32440 (MIC: 6.0 microg/ml).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00050 g/m'2 after 24 hr
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of tropolone.
Year : 2003
Volume : 26
Issue : 10
First Page : 1487
Last Page : 1490
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : Tropolone (1). showed strong insecticidal activity on Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Dermatophagoides farinae. The insecticidal effect of 1 on both insects was stronger than that of hinokitiol (2, 4-isopropyltropolone: major component of Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. hondai MAKINO). The insecticidal activity of both compounds was higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), used as a positive control. Compound 1 had potent insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus, although its activity was much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos. Like 2, 1 showed the inhibitory activity toward metalloproteases such as carboxypeptidase A, collagenase and thermolysin and their inhibitory activities were much higher than that of 1,10-phenanthroline, used as a positive control. The inhibitory activity of 1 on carboxypeptidase A was especially high, its 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) being 2.73 x 10(-6) M. This inhibitory activity was as high as that of 2 (IC(50): 2.76 x 10(-6) M). Compound 1 inhibited the growth of seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi and their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were in the range of 6.0-50.0 microg/ml. In particular, 1 showed strong antifungal activity on Pythium aphanidermatum IFO-32440 (MIC: 6.0 microg/ml).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00001 g/m2 after 48 hr relative to control
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
0.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities.
Year : 2000
Volume : 23
Issue : 8
First Page : 995
Last Page : 997
Authors : Inamori Y, Sakagami Y, Morita Y, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Kumeda Y, Okabe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N.
Abstract : Hinokitiol (beta-thujaplicin), beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin isolated from Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC var hondai MAKINO showed antifungal activities against all of the wood-rotting fungi examined. The antifungal activity of three compounds on Daedalea dickinsii IFO-4979 was especially strong, their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values being 0.2 microg/ml. Their antifungal activities on D. dickinsii IFO-4979 were as high as that of amphotericin B used as a positive control. Three compounds had strong insecticidal activities on Tyrophagus putrescentiae [50%-lethal concentration (LC50 : g/m2) 0.25 in hinokitiol, 0.02 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin. Their insecticidal activities were higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET, LC50 : 1.46 g/m2) used as a positive control. Three compounds also showed strong insecticidal activity on Coptotermes formosanus [LC50 (g/m2) 0.07 in hinokitiol, 0.05 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin], although their insecticidal activities were much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos (LC50 : 0.00016 g/m2).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality after 24 to 48 hr
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
0.00016
g/m2
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities.
Year : 2000
Volume : 23
Issue : 8
First Page : 995
Last Page : 997
Authors : Inamori Y, Sakagami Y, Morita Y, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Kumeda Y, Okabe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N.
Abstract : Hinokitiol (beta-thujaplicin), beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin isolated from Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC var hondai MAKINO showed antifungal activities against all of the wood-rotting fungi examined. The antifungal activity of three compounds on Daedalea dickinsii IFO-4979 was especially strong, their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values being 0.2 microg/ml. Their antifungal activities on D. dickinsii IFO-4979 were as high as that of amphotericin B used as a positive control. Three compounds had strong insecticidal activities on Tyrophagus putrescentiae [50%-lethal concentration (LC50 : g/m2) 0.25 in hinokitiol, 0.02 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin. Their insecticidal activities were higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET, LC50 : 1.46 g/m2) used as a positive control. Three compounds also showed strong insecticidal activity on Coptotermes formosanus [LC50 (g/m2) 0.07 in hinokitiol, 0.05 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin], although their insecticidal activities were much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos (LC50 : 0.00016 g/m2).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00005 g/m2 after 48 hr relative to control
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
40.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities.
Year : 2000
Volume : 23
Issue : 8
First Page : 995
Last Page : 997
Authors : Inamori Y, Sakagami Y, Morita Y, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Kumeda Y, Okabe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N.
Abstract : Hinokitiol (beta-thujaplicin), beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin isolated from Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC var hondai MAKINO showed antifungal activities against all of the wood-rotting fungi examined. The antifungal activity of three compounds on Daedalea dickinsii IFO-4979 was especially strong, their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values being 0.2 microg/ml. Their antifungal activities on D. dickinsii IFO-4979 were as high as that of amphotericin B used as a positive control. Three compounds had strong insecticidal activities on Tyrophagus putrescentiae [50%-lethal concentration (LC50 : g/m2) 0.25 in hinokitiol, 0.02 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin. Their insecticidal activities were higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET, LC50 : 1.46 g/m2) used as a positive control. Three compounds also showed strong insecticidal activity on Coptotermes formosanus [LC50 (g/m2) 0.07 in hinokitiol, 0.05 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin], although their insecticidal activities were much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos (LC50 : 0.00016 g/m2).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00010 g/m2 after 48 hr relative to control
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
75.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities.
Year : 2000
Volume : 23
Issue : 8
First Page : 995
Last Page : 997
Authors : Inamori Y, Sakagami Y, Morita Y, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Kumeda Y, Okabe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N.
Abstract : Hinokitiol (beta-thujaplicin), beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin isolated from Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC var hondai MAKINO showed antifungal activities against all of the wood-rotting fungi examined. The antifungal activity of three compounds on Daedalea dickinsii IFO-4979 was especially strong, their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values being 0.2 microg/ml. Their antifungal activities on D. dickinsii IFO-4979 were as high as that of amphotericin B used as a positive control. Three compounds had strong insecticidal activities on Tyrophagus putrescentiae [50%-lethal concentration (LC50 : g/m2) 0.25 in hinokitiol, 0.02 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin. Their insecticidal activities were higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET, LC50 : 1.46 g/m2) used as a positive control. Three compounds also showed strong insecticidal activity on Coptotermes formosanus [LC50 (g/m2) 0.07 in hinokitiol, 0.05 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin], although their insecticidal activities were much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos (LC50 : 0.00016 g/m2).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00025 g/m2 after 48 hr relative to control
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities.
Year : 2000
Volume : 23
Issue : 8
First Page : 995
Last Page : 997
Authors : Inamori Y, Sakagami Y, Morita Y, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Kumeda Y, Okabe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N.
Abstract : Hinokitiol (beta-thujaplicin), beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin isolated from Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC var hondai MAKINO showed antifungal activities against all of the wood-rotting fungi examined. The antifungal activity of three compounds on Daedalea dickinsii IFO-4979 was especially strong, their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values being 0.2 microg/ml. Their antifungal activities on D. dickinsii IFO-4979 were as high as that of amphotericin B used as a positive control. Three compounds had strong insecticidal activities on Tyrophagus putrescentiae [50%-lethal concentration (LC50 : g/m2) 0.25 in hinokitiol, 0.02 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin. Their insecticidal activities were higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET, LC50 : 1.46 g/m2) used as a positive control. Three compounds also showed strong insecticidal activity on Coptotermes formosanus [LC50 (g/m2) 0.07 in hinokitiol, 0.05 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin], although their insecticidal activities were much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos (LC50 : 0.00016 g/m2).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00050 g/m2 after 48 hr relative to control
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities.
Year : 2000
Volume : 23
Issue : 8
First Page : 995
Last Page : 997
Authors : Inamori Y, Sakagami Y, Morita Y, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Kumeda Y, Okabe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N.
Abstract : Hinokitiol (beta-thujaplicin), beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin isolated from Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC var hondai MAKINO showed antifungal activities against all of the wood-rotting fungi examined. The antifungal activity of three compounds on Daedalea dickinsii IFO-4979 was especially strong, their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values being 0.2 microg/ml. Their antifungal activities on D. dickinsii IFO-4979 were as high as that of amphotericin B used as a positive control. Three compounds had strong insecticidal activities on Tyrophagus putrescentiae [50%-lethal concentration (LC50 : g/m2) 0.25 in hinokitiol, 0.02 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin. Their insecticidal activities were higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET, LC50 : 1.46 g/m2) used as a positive control. Three compounds also showed strong insecticidal activity on Coptotermes formosanus [LC50 (g/m2) 0.07 in hinokitiol, 0.05 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin], although their insecticidal activities were much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos (LC50 : 0.00016 g/m2).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00001 g/m2 after 24 hr relative to control
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
0.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities.
Year : 2000
Volume : 23
Issue : 8
First Page : 995
Last Page : 997
Authors : Inamori Y, Sakagami Y, Morita Y, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Kumeda Y, Okabe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N.
Abstract : Hinokitiol (beta-thujaplicin), beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin isolated from Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC var hondai MAKINO showed antifungal activities against all of the wood-rotting fungi examined. The antifungal activity of three compounds on Daedalea dickinsii IFO-4979 was especially strong, their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values being 0.2 microg/ml. Their antifungal activities on D. dickinsii IFO-4979 were as high as that of amphotericin B used as a positive control. Three compounds had strong insecticidal activities on Tyrophagus putrescentiae [50%-lethal concentration (LC50 : g/m2) 0.25 in hinokitiol, 0.02 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin. Their insecticidal activities were higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET, LC50 : 1.46 g/m2) used as a positive control. Three compounds also showed strong insecticidal activity on Coptotermes formosanus [LC50 (g/m2) 0.07 in hinokitiol, 0.05 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin], although their insecticidal activities were much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos (LC50 : 0.00016 g/m2).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00005 g/m2 after 24 hr relative to control
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
10.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities.
Year : 2000
Volume : 23
Issue : 8
First Page : 995
Last Page : 997
Authors : Inamori Y, Sakagami Y, Morita Y, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Kumeda Y, Okabe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N.
Abstract : Hinokitiol (beta-thujaplicin), beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin isolated from Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC var hondai MAKINO showed antifungal activities against all of the wood-rotting fungi examined. The antifungal activity of three compounds on Daedalea dickinsii IFO-4979 was especially strong, their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values being 0.2 microg/ml. Their antifungal activities on D. dickinsii IFO-4979 were as high as that of amphotericin B used as a positive control. Three compounds had strong insecticidal activities on Tyrophagus putrescentiae [50%-lethal concentration (LC50 : g/m2) 0.25 in hinokitiol, 0.02 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin. Their insecticidal activities were higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET, LC50 : 1.46 g/m2) used as a positive control. Three compounds also showed strong insecticidal activity on Coptotermes formosanus [LC50 (g/m2) 0.07 in hinokitiol, 0.05 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin], although their insecticidal activities were much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos (LC50 : 0.00016 g/m2).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00010 g/m2 after 24 hr relative to control
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
25.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities.
Year : 2000
Volume : 23
Issue : 8
First Page : 995
Last Page : 997
Authors : Inamori Y, Sakagami Y, Morita Y, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Kumeda Y, Okabe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N.
Abstract : Hinokitiol (beta-thujaplicin), beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin isolated from Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC var hondai MAKINO showed antifungal activities against all of the wood-rotting fungi examined. The antifungal activity of three compounds on Daedalea dickinsii IFO-4979 was especially strong, their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values being 0.2 microg/ml. Their antifungal activities on D. dickinsii IFO-4979 were as high as that of amphotericin B used as a positive control. Three compounds had strong insecticidal activities on Tyrophagus putrescentiae [50%-lethal concentration (LC50 : g/m2) 0.25 in hinokitiol, 0.02 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin. Their insecticidal activities were higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET, LC50 : 1.46 g/m2) used as a positive control. Three compounds also showed strong insecticidal activity on Coptotermes formosanus [LC50 (g/m2) 0.07 in hinokitiol, 0.05 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin], although their insecticidal activities were much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos (LC50 : 0.00016 g/m2).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00025 g/m2 after 24 hr relative to control
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
60.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities.
Year : 2000
Volume : 23
Issue : 8
First Page : 995
Last Page : 997
Authors : Inamori Y, Sakagami Y, Morita Y, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Kumeda Y, Okabe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N.
Abstract : Hinokitiol (beta-thujaplicin), beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin isolated from Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC var hondai MAKINO showed antifungal activities against all of the wood-rotting fungi examined. The antifungal activity of three compounds on Daedalea dickinsii IFO-4979 was especially strong, their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values being 0.2 microg/ml. Their antifungal activities on D. dickinsii IFO-4979 were as high as that of amphotericin B used as a positive control. Three compounds had strong insecticidal activities on Tyrophagus putrescentiae [50%-lethal concentration (LC50 : g/m2) 0.25 in hinokitiol, 0.02 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin. Their insecticidal activities were higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET, LC50 : 1.46 g/m2) used as a positive control. Three compounds also showed strong insecticidal activity on Coptotermes formosanus [LC50 (g/m2) 0.07 in hinokitiol, 0.05 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin], although their insecticidal activities were much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos (LC50 : 0.00016 g/m2).
Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00050 g/m2 after 24 hr relative to control
|
Coptotermes formosanus
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities.
Year : 2000
Volume : 23
Issue : 8
First Page : 995
Last Page : 997
Authors : Inamori Y, Sakagami Y, Morita Y, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Kumeda Y, Okabe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N.
Abstract : Hinokitiol (beta-thujaplicin), beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin isolated from Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC var hondai MAKINO showed antifungal activities against all of the wood-rotting fungi examined. The antifungal activity of three compounds on Daedalea dickinsii IFO-4979 was especially strong, their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values being 0.2 microg/ml. Their antifungal activities on D. dickinsii IFO-4979 were as high as that of amphotericin B used as a positive control. Three compounds had strong insecticidal activities on Tyrophagus putrescentiae [50%-lethal concentration (LC50 : g/m2) 0.25 in hinokitiol, 0.02 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin. Their insecticidal activities were higher than that of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET, LC50 : 1.46 g/m2) used as a positive control. Three compounds also showed strong insecticidal activity on Coptotermes formosanus [LC50 (g/m2) 0.07 in hinokitiol, 0.05 in beta-dolabrin and gamma-thujaplicin], although their insecticidal activities were much lower than that of commercial chloropyrifos (LC50 : 0.00016 g/m2).
Resistance index, ratio of LC50 for organophosphate-resistant clone of Schizaphis graminum OR2 adult or last-instar nymphs to LC50 for organophosphate-susceptible clone of Schizaphis graminum OSS adult or last-instar nymphs
|
Schizaphis graminum
|
53.8
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 10
First Page : 4717
Last Page : 4722
Resistance index, ratio of LC50 for organophosphate-resistant clone of Schizaphis graminum OR1 adult or last-instar nymphs to LC50 for organophosphate-susceptible clone of Schizaphis graminum OSS adult or last-instar nymphs
|
Schizaphis graminum
|
10.6
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 10
First Page : 4717
Last Page : 4722
Insecticidal activity against organophosphate-resistant clone of Schizaphis graminum OR2 adult or last-instar nymphs assessed as insect mortality after 8 hr
|
Schizaphis graminum
|
1.96
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 10
First Page : 4717
Last Page : 4722
Insecticidal activity against organophosphate-resistant clone of Schizaphis graminum OR1 adult or last-instar nymphs assessed as insect mortality after 8 hr
|
Schizaphis graminum
|
0.39
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 10
First Page : 4717
Last Page : 4722
Insecticidal activity against organophosphate-susceptible clone of Schizaphis graminum OSS adult or last-instar nymphs assessed as insect mortality after 8 hr
|
Schizaphis graminum
|
0.036
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 10
First Page : 4717
Last Page : 4722
Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus at 48 hr
|
Reticulitermes speratus
|
0.00016
g/m2
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol.
Year : 2004
Volume : 27
Issue : 6
First Page : 899
Last Page : 902
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Fukui T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : alpha-Thujaplicin, a minor component of Aomori Hiba (Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. var. hondai MAKINO), showed rather strong antifungal activity against seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi, their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) being in the range of 12.0-50.0 microg/ml. alpha-Thujaplicin and hinokitiol (the major component of Aomori Hiba) also showed clear antibacterial activity against Legionella pneumophila SG 1 and L. pneumophila SG 3, and their MICs are in the range of 6.25-50 microg/ml. This compound showed strong insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus [50%-lethal concentration (LC(50)): 0.02 g/m(2)], and it also had clear acaricidal activity against Dermatophagoides farinae (LC(50): 0.66 g/m(2)). At 24 h after treatment, alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml inhibited the cell growth of murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia by 78%, and its cytotoxic activity at a concentration higher than 0.63 microg/ml was as high as that of vincristine, used as a positive control. On the other hand, the cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml was weaker than that of vinblastine. In this respect, the strong cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin on murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia cell line should be emphasized, considering that it has recently been found to be low in toxicity to mice.
Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus assessed as mortality at 0.00001 g/m'2 at 24 hr relative to control
|
Reticulitermes speratus
|
0.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol.
Year : 2004
Volume : 27
Issue : 6
First Page : 899
Last Page : 902
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Fukui T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : alpha-Thujaplicin, a minor component of Aomori Hiba (Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. var. hondai MAKINO), showed rather strong antifungal activity against seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi, their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) being in the range of 12.0-50.0 microg/ml. alpha-Thujaplicin and hinokitiol (the major component of Aomori Hiba) also showed clear antibacterial activity against Legionella pneumophila SG 1 and L. pneumophila SG 3, and their MICs are in the range of 6.25-50 microg/ml. This compound showed strong insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus [50%-lethal concentration (LC(50)): 0.02 g/m(2)], and it also had clear acaricidal activity against Dermatophagoides farinae (LC(50): 0.66 g/m(2)). At 24 h after treatment, alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml inhibited the cell growth of murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia by 78%, and its cytotoxic activity at a concentration higher than 0.63 microg/ml was as high as that of vincristine, used as a positive control. On the other hand, the cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml was weaker than that of vinblastine. In this respect, the strong cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin on murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia cell line should be emphasized, considering that it has recently been found to be low in toxicity to mice.
Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus assessed as mortality at 0.00005 g/m'2 at 24 hr relative to control
|
Reticulitermes speratus
|
10.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol.
Year : 2004
Volume : 27
Issue : 6
First Page : 899
Last Page : 902
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Fukui T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : alpha-Thujaplicin, a minor component of Aomori Hiba (Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. var. hondai MAKINO), showed rather strong antifungal activity against seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi, their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) being in the range of 12.0-50.0 microg/ml. alpha-Thujaplicin and hinokitiol (the major component of Aomori Hiba) also showed clear antibacterial activity against Legionella pneumophila SG 1 and L. pneumophila SG 3, and their MICs are in the range of 6.25-50 microg/ml. This compound showed strong insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus [50%-lethal concentration (LC(50)): 0.02 g/m(2)], and it also had clear acaricidal activity against Dermatophagoides farinae (LC(50): 0.66 g/m(2)). At 24 h after treatment, alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml inhibited the cell growth of murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia by 78%, and its cytotoxic activity at a concentration higher than 0.63 microg/ml was as high as that of vincristine, used as a positive control. On the other hand, the cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml was weaker than that of vinblastine. In this respect, the strong cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin on murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia cell line should be emphasized, considering that it has recently been found to be low in toxicity to mice.
Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus assessed as mortality at 0.00005 g/m'2 at 48 hr relative to control
|
Reticulitermes speratus
|
40.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol.
Year : 2004
Volume : 27
Issue : 6
First Page : 899
Last Page : 902
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Fukui T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : alpha-Thujaplicin, a minor component of Aomori Hiba (Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. var. hondai MAKINO), showed rather strong antifungal activity against seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi, their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) being in the range of 12.0-50.0 microg/ml. alpha-Thujaplicin and hinokitiol (the major component of Aomori Hiba) also showed clear antibacterial activity against Legionella pneumophila SG 1 and L. pneumophila SG 3, and their MICs are in the range of 6.25-50 microg/ml. This compound showed strong insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus [50%-lethal concentration (LC(50)): 0.02 g/m(2)], and it also had clear acaricidal activity against Dermatophagoides farinae (LC(50): 0.66 g/m(2)). At 24 h after treatment, alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml inhibited the cell growth of murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia by 78%, and its cytotoxic activity at a concentration higher than 0.63 microg/ml was as high as that of vincristine, used as a positive control. On the other hand, the cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml was weaker than that of vinblastine. In this respect, the strong cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin on murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia cell line should be emphasized, considering that it has recently been found to be low in toxicity to mice.
Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus assessed as mortality at 0.00010 g/m'2 at 48 hr relative to control
|
Reticulitermes speratus
|
75.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol.
Year : 2004
Volume : 27
Issue : 6
First Page : 899
Last Page : 902
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Fukui T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : alpha-Thujaplicin, a minor component of Aomori Hiba (Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. var. hondai MAKINO), showed rather strong antifungal activity against seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi, their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) being in the range of 12.0-50.0 microg/ml. alpha-Thujaplicin and hinokitiol (the major component of Aomori Hiba) also showed clear antibacterial activity against Legionella pneumophila SG 1 and L. pneumophila SG 3, and their MICs are in the range of 6.25-50 microg/ml. This compound showed strong insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus [50%-lethal concentration (LC(50)): 0.02 g/m(2)], and it also had clear acaricidal activity against Dermatophagoides farinae (LC(50): 0.66 g/m(2)). At 24 h after treatment, alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml inhibited the cell growth of murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia by 78%, and its cytotoxic activity at a concentration higher than 0.63 microg/ml was as high as that of vincristine, used as a positive control. On the other hand, the cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml was weaker than that of vinblastine. In this respect, the strong cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin on murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia cell line should be emphasized, considering that it has recently been found to be low in toxicity to mice.
Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus assessed as mortality at 0.00010 g/m'2 at 24 hr relative to control
|
Reticulitermes speratus
|
25.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol.
Year : 2004
Volume : 27
Issue : 6
First Page : 899
Last Page : 902
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Fukui T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : alpha-Thujaplicin, a minor component of Aomori Hiba (Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. var. hondai MAKINO), showed rather strong antifungal activity against seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi, their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) being in the range of 12.0-50.0 microg/ml. alpha-Thujaplicin and hinokitiol (the major component of Aomori Hiba) also showed clear antibacterial activity against Legionella pneumophila SG 1 and L. pneumophila SG 3, and their MICs are in the range of 6.25-50 microg/ml. This compound showed strong insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus [50%-lethal concentration (LC(50)): 0.02 g/m(2)], and it also had clear acaricidal activity against Dermatophagoides farinae (LC(50): 0.66 g/m(2)). At 24 h after treatment, alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml inhibited the cell growth of murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia by 78%, and its cytotoxic activity at a concentration higher than 0.63 microg/ml was as high as that of vincristine, used as a positive control. On the other hand, the cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml was weaker than that of vinblastine. In this respect, the strong cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin on murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia cell line should be emphasized, considering that it has recently been found to be low in toxicity to mice.
Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus assessed as mortality at 0.00025 g/m'2 at 48 hr relative to control
|
Reticulitermes speratus
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol.
Year : 2004
Volume : 27
Issue : 6
First Page : 899
Last Page : 902
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Fukui T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : alpha-Thujaplicin, a minor component of Aomori Hiba (Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. var. hondai MAKINO), showed rather strong antifungal activity against seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi, their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) being in the range of 12.0-50.0 microg/ml. alpha-Thujaplicin and hinokitiol (the major component of Aomori Hiba) also showed clear antibacterial activity against Legionella pneumophila SG 1 and L. pneumophila SG 3, and their MICs are in the range of 6.25-50 microg/ml. This compound showed strong insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus [50%-lethal concentration (LC(50)): 0.02 g/m(2)], and it also had clear acaricidal activity against Dermatophagoides farinae (LC(50): 0.66 g/m(2)). At 24 h after treatment, alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml inhibited the cell growth of murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia by 78%, and its cytotoxic activity at a concentration higher than 0.63 microg/ml was as high as that of vincristine, used as a positive control. On the other hand, the cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml was weaker than that of vinblastine. In this respect, the strong cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin on murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia cell line should be emphasized, considering that it has recently been found to be low in toxicity to mice.
Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus assessed as mortality at 0.00025 g/m'2 at 24 hr relative to control
|
Reticulitermes speratus
|
60.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol.
Year : 2004
Volume : 27
Issue : 6
First Page : 899
Last Page : 902
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Fukui T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : alpha-Thujaplicin, a minor component of Aomori Hiba (Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. var. hondai MAKINO), showed rather strong antifungal activity against seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi, their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) being in the range of 12.0-50.0 microg/ml. alpha-Thujaplicin and hinokitiol (the major component of Aomori Hiba) also showed clear antibacterial activity against Legionella pneumophila SG 1 and L. pneumophila SG 3, and their MICs are in the range of 6.25-50 microg/ml. This compound showed strong insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus [50%-lethal concentration (LC(50)): 0.02 g/m(2)], and it also had clear acaricidal activity against Dermatophagoides farinae (LC(50): 0.66 g/m(2)). At 24 h after treatment, alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml inhibited the cell growth of murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia by 78%, and its cytotoxic activity at a concentration higher than 0.63 microg/ml was as high as that of vincristine, used as a positive control. On the other hand, the cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml was weaker than that of vinblastine. In this respect, the strong cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin on murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia cell line should be emphasized, considering that it has recently been found to be low in toxicity to mice.
Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus assessed as mortality at 0.00050 g/m'2 at 48 hr relative to control
|
Reticulitermes speratus
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol.
Year : 2004
Volume : 27
Issue : 6
First Page : 899
Last Page : 902
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Fukui T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : alpha-Thujaplicin, a minor component of Aomori Hiba (Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. var. hondai MAKINO), showed rather strong antifungal activity against seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi, their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) being in the range of 12.0-50.0 microg/ml. alpha-Thujaplicin and hinokitiol (the major component of Aomori Hiba) also showed clear antibacterial activity against Legionella pneumophila SG 1 and L. pneumophila SG 3, and their MICs are in the range of 6.25-50 microg/ml. This compound showed strong insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus [50%-lethal concentration (LC(50)): 0.02 g/m(2)], and it also had clear acaricidal activity against Dermatophagoides farinae (LC(50): 0.66 g/m(2)). At 24 h after treatment, alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml inhibited the cell growth of murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia by 78%, and its cytotoxic activity at a concentration higher than 0.63 microg/ml was as high as that of vincristine, used as a positive control. On the other hand, the cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml was weaker than that of vinblastine. In this respect, the strong cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin on murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia cell line should be emphasized, considering that it has recently been found to be low in toxicity to mice.
Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus assessed as mortality at 0.00050 g/m'2 at 24 hr relative to control
|
Reticulitermes speratus
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biol. Pharm. Bull.
Title : Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol.
Year : 2004
Volume : 27
Issue : 6
First Page : 899
Last Page : 902
Authors : Morita Y, Matsumura E, Okabe T, Fukui T, Shibata M, Sugiura M, Ohe T, Tsujibo H, Ishida N, Inamori Y.
Abstract : alpha-Thujaplicin, a minor component of Aomori Hiba (Thujopsis dolabrata SIEB. et ZUCC. var. hondai MAKINO), showed rather strong antifungal activity against seven kinds of plant-pathogenic fungi, their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) being in the range of 12.0-50.0 microg/ml. alpha-Thujaplicin and hinokitiol (the major component of Aomori Hiba) also showed clear antibacterial activity against Legionella pneumophila SG 1 and L. pneumophila SG 3, and their MICs are in the range of 6.25-50 microg/ml. This compound showed strong insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus [50%-lethal concentration (LC(50)): 0.02 g/m(2)], and it also had clear acaricidal activity against Dermatophagoides farinae (LC(50): 0.66 g/m(2)). At 24 h after treatment, alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml inhibited the cell growth of murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia by 78%, and its cytotoxic activity at a concentration higher than 0.63 microg/ml was as high as that of vincristine, used as a positive control. On the other hand, the cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin at 0.63 microg/ml was weaker than that of vinblastine. In this respect, the strong cytotoxic effect of alpha-thujaplicin on murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia cell line should be emphasized, considering that it has recently been found to be low in toxicity to mice.
Selectivity ratio of LC50 for Diaphorina citri to LC50 for Diaphorina citri infected with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus
|
Diaphorina citri
|
2.8
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effect of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus infection on susceptibility of Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, to selected insecticides.
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 1
First Page : 94
Last Page : 99
Authors : Tiwari S, Pelz-Stelinski K, Stelinski LL.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: In the present investigation, the effect of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las), a bacterium considered to be responsible for causing huanglongbing (HLB) disease in citrus, on the physiology of its vector, the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, was determined. Specifically, the effects of Las infection on the susceptibility of ACP to selected insecticides were determined. Furthermore, total protein content and general esterase activity were quantified in Las-infected and uninfected ACP to gain insight into the possible mechanism(s) responsible for altered susceptibility to insecticides owing to Las infection. RESULTS: LC(50) values were significantly lower in Las-infected than in uninfected ACP adults for chlorpyrifos and spinetoram. Furthermore, there was a general trend towards lower LC(50) values for three other insecticides for Las-infected ACP; however, the differences were not statistically significant. Total protein content (µg mL(-1)) was significantly lower in Las-infected (23.5 ± 1.3 in head + thorax; 27.7 ± 1.9 in abdomen) than in uninfected (29.7 ± 2.1 in head + thorax; 35.0 ± 2.3 in abdomen) ACP. Likewise, general esterase enzyme activity (nmol min(-1) mg(-1) protein) was significantly lower in Las-infected (111.6 ± 4.5 in head + thorax; 109.5 ± 3.7 in abdomen) than in uninfected (135.9 ± 7.5 in head + thorax; 206.1 ± 23.7 in abdomen) ACP. CONCLUSION: Susceptibility of ACP to selected insecticides from five major chemistries was greater in Las-infected than in uninfected ACP. The lower total protein content and reduced general esterase activity in Las-infected than in uninfected ACP may partly explain the observed higher insecticide susceptibility of Las-infected ACP.
Insecticidal activity against Diaphorina citri assessed as mortality after 48 hr
|
Diaphorina citri
|
0.78
mgAi/L
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effect of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus infection on susceptibility of Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, to selected insecticides.
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 1
First Page : 94
Last Page : 99
Authors : Tiwari S, Pelz-Stelinski K, Stelinski LL.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: In the present investigation, the effect of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las), a bacterium considered to be responsible for causing huanglongbing (HLB) disease in citrus, on the physiology of its vector, the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, was determined. Specifically, the effects of Las infection on the susceptibility of ACP to selected insecticides were determined. Furthermore, total protein content and general esterase activity were quantified in Las-infected and uninfected ACP to gain insight into the possible mechanism(s) responsible for altered susceptibility to insecticides owing to Las infection. RESULTS: LC(50) values were significantly lower in Las-infected than in uninfected ACP adults for chlorpyrifos and spinetoram. Furthermore, there was a general trend towards lower LC(50) values for three other insecticides for Las-infected ACP; however, the differences were not statistically significant. Total protein content (µg mL(-1)) was significantly lower in Las-infected (23.5 ± 1.3 in head + thorax; 27.7 ± 1.9 in abdomen) than in uninfected (29.7 ± 2.1 in head + thorax; 35.0 ± 2.3 in abdomen) ACP. Likewise, general esterase enzyme activity (nmol min(-1) mg(-1) protein) was significantly lower in Las-infected (111.6 ± 4.5 in head + thorax; 109.5 ± 3.7 in abdomen) than in uninfected (135.9 ± 7.5 in head + thorax; 206.1 ± 23.7 in abdomen) ACP. CONCLUSION: Susceptibility of ACP to selected insecticides from five major chemistries was greater in Las-infected than in uninfected ACP. The lower total protein content and reduced general esterase activity in Las-infected than in uninfected ACP may partly explain the observed higher insecticide susceptibility of Las-infected ACP.
Insecticidal activity against Diaphorina citri infected with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus assessed as mortality after 48 hr
|
Diaphorina citri
|
0.28
mgAi/L
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effect of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus infection on susceptibility of Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, to selected insecticides.
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 1
First Page : 94
Last Page : 99
Authors : Tiwari S, Pelz-Stelinski K, Stelinski LL.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: In the present investigation, the effect of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las), a bacterium considered to be responsible for causing huanglongbing (HLB) disease in citrus, on the physiology of its vector, the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, was determined. Specifically, the effects of Las infection on the susceptibility of ACP to selected insecticides were determined. Furthermore, total protein content and general esterase activity were quantified in Las-infected and uninfected ACP to gain insight into the possible mechanism(s) responsible for altered susceptibility to insecticides owing to Las infection. RESULTS: LC(50) values were significantly lower in Las-infected than in uninfected ACP adults for chlorpyrifos and spinetoram. Furthermore, there was a general trend towards lower LC(50) values for three other insecticides for Las-infected ACP; however, the differences were not statistically significant. Total protein content (µg mL(-1)) was significantly lower in Las-infected (23.5 ± 1.3 in head + thorax; 27.7 ± 1.9 in abdomen) than in uninfected (29.7 ± 2.1 in head + thorax; 35.0 ± 2.3 in abdomen) ACP. Likewise, general esterase enzyme activity (nmol min(-1) mg(-1) protein) was significantly lower in Las-infected (111.6 ± 4.5 in head + thorax; 109.5 ± 3.7 in abdomen) than in uninfected (135.9 ± 7.5 in head + thorax; 206.1 ± 23.7 in abdomen) ACP. CONCLUSION: Susceptibility of ACP to selected insecticides from five major chemistries was greater in Las-infected than in uninfected ACP. The lower total protein content and reduced general esterase activity in Las-infected than in uninfected ACP may partly explain the observed higher insecticide susceptibility of Las-infected ACP.
Insecticidal activity against Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested cabbage leaves assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf dip method
|
Bemisia tabaci
|
722.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae).
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 1
First Page : 87
Last Page : 93
Authors : Xie W, Wang S, Wu Q, Feng Y, Pan H, Jiao X, Zhou L, Yang X, Fu W, Teng H, Xu B, Zhang Y.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The polyphagous B-biotype Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) has developed a high resistance to commonly used insecticides in China. To illustrate the induced changes by host plant, bioassay and biochemical research on five different host populations were investigated. RESULTS: Except for bifenthrin, all tested insecticides showed lower toxicity to the B. tabaci poinsettia population compared with other host populations. Moreover, four insecticides, the exceptions being abamectin and fipronil, showed highest toxicity towards the tomato population. The LC(50) values of the poinsettia population, particularly towards acetamiprid, were 14.8-, 10.3- and 7.29-fold higher than those of tomato, cucumber and cabbage respectively. The CarE activities of B. tabaci cabbage and cucumber populations were all significantly higher than those of poinsettia, cotton and tomato populations. The ratio of the cabbage population was 1.97-, 1.79- and 1.30-fold higher than that of poinsettia, cotton and tomato respectively. The frequency profiles for this activity also have obvious differences. The GST and P450 activities of the cucumber population were the lowest in the five host populations. CONCLUSION: Long-term induction of host plants for B-biotype B. tabaci could influence their susceptibilities to several insecticides. Rational selection and usage of insecticides for particular hosts will be helpful for resistance management and control of this species.
Resistance ratio of LC50 for Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested poinsettia leaves to LC50 for Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested tomato leaves
|
Bemisia tabaci
|
3.65
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae).
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 1
First Page : 87
Last Page : 93
Authors : Xie W, Wang S, Wu Q, Feng Y, Pan H, Jiao X, Zhou L, Yang X, Fu W, Teng H, Xu B, Zhang Y.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The polyphagous B-biotype Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) has developed a high resistance to commonly used insecticides in China. To illustrate the induced changes by host plant, bioassay and biochemical research on five different host populations were investigated. RESULTS: Except for bifenthrin, all tested insecticides showed lower toxicity to the B. tabaci poinsettia population compared with other host populations. Moreover, four insecticides, the exceptions being abamectin and fipronil, showed highest toxicity towards the tomato population. The LC(50) values of the poinsettia population, particularly towards acetamiprid, were 14.8-, 10.3- and 7.29-fold higher than those of tomato, cucumber and cabbage respectively. The CarE activities of B. tabaci cabbage and cucumber populations were all significantly higher than those of poinsettia, cotton and tomato populations. The ratio of the cabbage population was 1.97-, 1.79- and 1.30-fold higher than that of poinsettia, cotton and tomato respectively. The frequency profiles for this activity also have obvious differences. The GST and P450 activities of the cucumber population were the lowest in the five host populations. CONCLUSION: Long-term induction of host plants for B-biotype B. tabaci could influence their susceptibilities to several insecticides. Rational selection and usage of insecticides for particular hosts will be helpful for resistance management and control of this species.
Insecticidal activity against Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested tomato leaves assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf dip method
|
Bemisia tabaci
|
581.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae).
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 1
First Page : 87
Last Page : 93
Authors : Xie W, Wang S, Wu Q, Feng Y, Pan H, Jiao X, Zhou L, Yang X, Fu W, Teng H, Xu B, Zhang Y.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The polyphagous B-biotype Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) has developed a high resistance to commonly used insecticides in China. To illustrate the induced changes by host plant, bioassay and biochemical research on five different host populations were investigated. RESULTS: Except for bifenthrin, all tested insecticides showed lower toxicity to the B. tabaci poinsettia population compared with other host populations. Moreover, four insecticides, the exceptions being abamectin and fipronil, showed highest toxicity towards the tomato population. The LC(50) values of the poinsettia population, particularly towards acetamiprid, were 14.8-, 10.3- and 7.29-fold higher than those of tomato, cucumber and cabbage respectively. The CarE activities of B. tabaci cabbage and cucumber populations were all significantly higher than those of poinsettia, cotton and tomato populations. The ratio of the cabbage population was 1.97-, 1.79- and 1.30-fold higher than that of poinsettia, cotton and tomato respectively. The frequency profiles for this activity also have obvious differences. The GST and P450 activities of the cucumber population were the lowest in the five host populations. CONCLUSION: Long-term induction of host plants for B-biotype B. tabaci could influence their susceptibilities to several insecticides. Rational selection and usage of insecticides for particular hosts will be helpful for resistance management and control of this species.
Insecticidal activity against Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested cucumber leaves assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf dip method
|
Bemisia tabaci
|
924.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae).
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 1
First Page : 87
Last Page : 93
Authors : Xie W, Wang S, Wu Q, Feng Y, Pan H, Jiao X, Zhou L, Yang X, Fu W, Teng H, Xu B, Zhang Y.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The polyphagous B-biotype Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) has developed a high resistance to commonly used insecticides in China. To illustrate the induced changes by host plant, bioassay and biochemical research on five different host populations were investigated. RESULTS: Except for bifenthrin, all tested insecticides showed lower toxicity to the B. tabaci poinsettia population compared with other host populations. Moreover, four insecticides, the exceptions being abamectin and fipronil, showed highest toxicity towards the tomato population. The LC(50) values of the poinsettia population, particularly towards acetamiprid, were 14.8-, 10.3- and 7.29-fold higher than those of tomato, cucumber and cabbage respectively. The CarE activities of B. tabaci cabbage and cucumber populations were all significantly higher than those of poinsettia, cotton and tomato populations. The ratio of the cabbage population was 1.97-, 1.79- and 1.30-fold higher than that of poinsettia, cotton and tomato respectively. The frequency profiles for this activity also have obvious differences. The GST and P450 activities of the cucumber population were the lowest in the five host populations. CONCLUSION: Long-term induction of host plants for B-biotype B. tabaci could influence their susceptibilities to several insecticides. Rational selection and usage of insecticides for particular hosts will be helpful for resistance management and control of this species.
Insecticidal activity against Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested cotton leaves assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf dip method
|
Bemisia tabaci
|
1414.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae).
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 1
First Page : 87
Last Page : 93
Authors : Xie W, Wang S, Wu Q, Feng Y, Pan H, Jiao X, Zhou L, Yang X, Fu W, Teng H, Xu B, Zhang Y.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The polyphagous B-biotype Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) has developed a high resistance to commonly used insecticides in China. To illustrate the induced changes by host plant, bioassay and biochemical research on five different host populations were investigated. RESULTS: Except for bifenthrin, all tested insecticides showed lower toxicity to the B. tabaci poinsettia population compared with other host populations. Moreover, four insecticides, the exceptions being abamectin and fipronil, showed highest toxicity towards the tomato population. The LC(50) values of the poinsettia population, particularly towards acetamiprid, were 14.8-, 10.3- and 7.29-fold higher than those of tomato, cucumber and cabbage respectively. The CarE activities of B. tabaci cabbage and cucumber populations were all significantly higher than those of poinsettia, cotton and tomato populations. The ratio of the cabbage population was 1.97-, 1.79- and 1.30-fold higher than that of poinsettia, cotton and tomato respectively. The frequency profiles for this activity also have obvious differences. The GST and P450 activities of the cucumber population were the lowest in the five host populations. CONCLUSION: Long-term induction of host plants for B-biotype B. tabaci could influence their susceptibilities to several insecticides. Rational selection and usage of insecticides for particular hosts will be helpful for resistance management and control of this species.
Insecticidal activity against Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested poinsettia leaves assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf dip method
|
Bemisia tabaci
|
2118.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae).
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 1
First Page : 87
Last Page : 93
Authors : Xie W, Wang S, Wu Q, Feng Y, Pan H, Jiao X, Zhou L, Yang X, Fu W, Teng H, Xu B, Zhang Y.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The polyphagous B-biotype Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) has developed a high resistance to commonly used insecticides in China. To illustrate the induced changes by host plant, bioassay and biochemical research on five different host populations were investigated. RESULTS: Except for bifenthrin, all tested insecticides showed lower toxicity to the B. tabaci poinsettia population compared with other host populations. Moreover, four insecticides, the exceptions being abamectin and fipronil, showed highest toxicity towards the tomato population. The LC(50) values of the poinsettia population, particularly towards acetamiprid, were 14.8-, 10.3- and 7.29-fold higher than those of tomato, cucumber and cabbage respectively. The CarE activities of B. tabaci cabbage and cucumber populations were all significantly higher than those of poinsettia, cotton and tomato populations. The ratio of the cabbage population was 1.97-, 1.79- and 1.30-fold higher than that of poinsettia, cotton and tomato respectively. The frequency profiles for this activity also have obvious differences. The GST and P450 activities of the cucumber population were the lowest in the five host populations. CONCLUSION: Long-term induction of host plants for B-biotype B. tabaci could influence their susceptibilities to several insecticides. Rational selection and usage of insecticides for particular hosts will be helpful for resistance management and control of this species.
Nematicidal activity against J3 juveniles of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora assessed as mortality at 200 mg/l after 24 hr relative to control
|
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Nematicidal activity of anion transport blockers against Meloidogyne incognita, Caenorhabditis elegans and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora.
Year : 2008
Volume : 64
Issue : 6
First Page : 646
Last Page : 653
Authors : Boina DR, Lewis EE, Bloomquist JR.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Because methyl bromide has been phased out as a soil sterilant, new nematicides are urgently needed. Four different chemical classes of organic acids acting as anion transport (AT) blockers were tested against a free-living nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans Maupas, a plant-parasitic nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood, and an entomopathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, in toxicity bioassays. The materials tested were DIDS (4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid), 9-AC (anthracene-9-carboxylic acid), NPPB [5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid] and IAA-94 (indanyloxyacetic acid). RESULTS: All the compounds showed slowly developing nematicidal activity against second-stage juveniles of M. incognita and adults of C. elegans, but not against H. bacteriophora infective-stage juveniles. The LC(50) values of these compounds were < 50 mg L(-1) after 48 and 72 h incubation, while at 168 h incubation the LC(50) values were < 10 mg L(-1) for both sensitive species. Across both species and time, the LC(50) values generally differed no more than twofold among the four compounds tested in this study. In contrast, none of the compounds (200 mg L(-1)) caused more than control mortality to H. bacteriophora, even after 168 h of incubation. CONCLUSION: These compounds are potential leads for commercial nematicides. The insensitivity to H. bacteriophora is consistent with the natural exposure of this nematode to DST (3,5-dihydroxy-4-isopropylstilbene), a stilbene produced by its symbiotic bacterium. Based on the known activity of the compounds used in this study, it is suggested that anion transporters form the probable target sites for DIDS, 9-AC, NPPB and IAA-94 in nematodes.
Nematicidal activity against J3 juveniles of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora assessed as mortality at < 200 mg/l
|
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Nematicidal activity of anion transport blockers against Meloidogyne incognita, Caenorhabditis elegans and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora.
Year : 2008
Volume : 64
Issue : 6
First Page : 646
Last Page : 653
Authors : Boina DR, Lewis EE, Bloomquist JR.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Because methyl bromide has been phased out as a soil sterilant, new nematicides are urgently needed. Four different chemical classes of organic acids acting as anion transport (AT) blockers were tested against a free-living nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans Maupas, a plant-parasitic nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood, and an entomopathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, in toxicity bioassays. The materials tested were DIDS (4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid), 9-AC (anthracene-9-carboxylic acid), NPPB [5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid] and IAA-94 (indanyloxyacetic acid). RESULTS: All the compounds showed slowly developing nematicidal activity against second-stage juveniles of M. incognita and adults of C. elegans, but not against H. bacteriophora infective-stage juveniles. The LC(50) values of these compounds were < 50 mg L(-1) after 48 and 72 h incubation, while at 168 h incubation the LC(50) values were < 10 mg L(-1) for both sensitive species. Across both species and time, the LC(50) values generally differed no more than twofold among the four compounds tested in this study. In contrast, none of the compounds (200 mg L(-1)) caused more than control mortality to H. bacteriophora, even after 168 h of incubation. CONCLUSION: These compounds are potential leads for commercial nematicides. The insensitivity to H. bacteriophora is consistent with the natural exposure of this nematode to DST (3,5-dihydroxy-4-isopropylstilbene), a stilbene produced by its symbiotic bacterium. Based on the known activity of the compounds used in this study, it is suggested that anion transporters form the probable target sites for DIDS, 9-AC, NPPB and IAA-94 in nematodes.
Nematicidal activity against J3 juveniles of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora assessed as mortality at 200 mg/l after 168 hr relative to control
|
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora
|
15.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Nematicidal activity of anion transport blockers against Meloidogyne incognita, Caenorhabditis elegans and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora.
Year : 2008
Volume : 64
Issue : 6
First Page : 646
Last Page : 653
Authors : Boina DR, Lewis EE, Bloomquist JR.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Because methyl bromide has been phased out as a soil sterilant, new nematicides are urgently needed. Four different chemical classes of organic acids acting as anion transport (AT) blockers were tested against a free-living nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans Maupas, a plant-parasitic nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood, and an entomopathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, in toxicity bioassays. The materials tested were DIDS (4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid), 9-AC (anthracene-9-carboxylic acid), NPPB [5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid] and IAA-94 (indanyloxyacetic acid). RESULTS: All the compounds showed slowly developing nematicidal activity against second-stage juveniles of M. incognita and adults of C. elegans, but not against H. bacteriophora infective-stage juveniles. The LC(50) values of these compounds were < 50 mg L(-1) after 48 and 72 h incubation, while at 168 h incubation the LC(50) values were < 10 mg L(-1) for both sensitive species. Across both species and time, the LC(50) values generally differed no more than twofold among the four compounds tested in this study. In contrast, none of the compounds (200 mg L(-1)) caused more than control mortality to H. bacteriophora, even after 168 h of incubation. CONCLUSION: These compounds are potential leads for commercial nematicides. The insensitivity to H. bacteriophora is consistent with the natural exposure of this nematode to DST (3,5-dihydroxy-4-isopropylstilbene), a stilbene produced by its symbiotic bacterium. Based on the known activity of the compounds used in this study, it is suggested that anion transporters form the probable target sites for DIDS, 9-AC, NPPB and IAA-94 in nematodes.
Insecticidal activity against Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite)
|
Tetranychus urticae
|
4.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Pyrethroid resistance in the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi, is associated with mutation of the para-type sodium channel.
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 8
First Page : 891
Last Page : 897
Authors : Nyoni BN, Gorman K, Mzilahowa T, Williamson MS, Navajas M, Field LM, Bass C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi (Baker and Pritchard), is a serious pest of solanaceous crops in many African countries. In this study an investigation has been conducted to establish whether mutation of the para-type sodium channel underlies pyrethroid resistance in T. evansi strains collected in Southern Malawi. RESULTS: Two T. evansi strains from Malawi showed tolerance to the organophosphate chlorpyrifos and resistance (20-40-fold) to the pyrethroid bifenthrin, but were susceptible to two contemporary acaricides (abamectin and fenpyroximate) in insecticide bioassays. Cloning of a 3.1 kb fragment (domains IIS5 to IVS5) of the T. evansi para gene from pyrethroid-resistant and pyrethroid-susceptible strains revealed a single non-synonymous mutation in the resistant strains that results in an amino acid substitution (M918T) within the domain II region of the channel. Although novel to mites, this mutation confers high levels of resistance to pyrethroids in several insect species where it has always been associated with another mutation (L1014F). This is the first report of the M918T mutation in the absence of L1014F in any arthropod species. Diagnostic tools were developed that allow sensitive detection of this mutation in individual mites. CONCLUSION: This is the first study of pyrethroid resistance in T. evansi and provides contemporary information for resistance management of this pest in Southern Malawi.
Insecticidal activity against Tetranychus evansi R2 in clean French bean leaf assessed as mortality at 26 degC and 16 hr day length measured after 48 hr by microimmersion protocol
|
Tetranychus evansi
|
4376.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Pyrethroid resistance in the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi, is associated with mutation of the para-type sodium channel.
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 8
First Page : 891
Last Page : 897
Authors : Nyoni BN, Gorman K, Mzilahowa T, Williamson MS, Navajas M, Field LM, Bass C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi (Baker and Pritchard), is a serious pest of solanaceous crops in many African countries. In this study an investigation has been conducted to establish whether mutation of the para-type sodium channel underlies pyrethroid resistance in T. evansi strains collected in Southern Malawi. RESULTS: Two T. evansi strains from Malawi showed tolerance to the organophosphate chlorpyrifos and resistance (20-40-fold) to the pyrethroid bifenthrin, but were susceptible to two contemporary acaricides (abamectin and fenpyroximate) in insecticide bioassays. Cloning of a 3.1 kb fragment (domains IIS5 to IVS5) of the T. evansi para gene from pyrethroid-resistant and pyrethroid-susceptible strains revealed a single non-synonymous mutation in the resistant strains that results in an amino acid substitution (M918T) within the domain II region of the channel. Although novel to mites, this mutation confers high levels of resistance to pyrethroids in several insect species where it has always been associated with another mutation (L1014F). This is the first report of the M918T mutation in the absence of L1014F in any arthropod species. Diagnostic tools were developed that allow sensitive detection of this mutation in individual mites. CONCLUSION: This is the first study of pyrethroid resistance in T. evansi and provides contemporary information for resistance management of this pest in Southern Malawi.
Insecticidal activity against Tetranychus evansi R1 in clean French bean leaf assessed as mortality at 26 degC and 16 hr day length measured after 48 hr by microimmersion protocol
|
Tetranychus evansi
|
3783.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Pyrethroid resistance in the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi, is associated with mutation of the para-type sodium channel.
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 8
First Page : 891
Last Page : 897
Authors : Nyoni BN, Gorman K, Mzilahowa T, Williamson MS, Navajas M, Field LM, Bass C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi (Baker and Pritchard), is a serious pest of solanaceous crops in many African countries. In this study an investigation has been conducted to establish whether mutation of the para-type sodium channel underlies pyrethroid resistance in T. evansi strains collected in Southern Malawi. RESULTS: Two T. evansi strains from Malawi showed tolerance to the organophosphate chlorpyrifos and resistance (20-40-fold) to the pyrethroid bifenthrin, but were susceptible to two contemporary acaricides (abamectin and fenpyroximate) in insecticide bioassays. Cloning of a 3.1 kb fragment (domains IIS5 to IVS5) of the T. evansi para gene from pyrethroid-resistant and pyrethroid-susceptible strains revealed a single non-synonymous mutation in the resistant strains that results in an amino acid substitution (M918T) within the domain II region of the channel. Although novel to mites, this mutation confers high levels of resistance to pyrethroids in several insect species where it has always been associated with another mutation (L1014F). This is the first report of the M918T mutation in the absence of L1014F in any arthropod species. Diagnostic tools were developed that allow sensitive detection of this mutation in individual mites. CONCLUSION: This is the first study of pyrethroid resistance in T. evansi and provides contemporary information for resistance management of this pest in Southern Malawi.
Insecticidal activity against Tetranychus evansi TOR in clean French bean leaf assessed as mortality at 26 degC and 16 hr day length measured after 48 hr by microimmersion protocol
|
Tetranychus evansi
|
4529.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Pyrethroid resistance in the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi, is associated with mutation of the para-type sodium channel.
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 8
First Page : 891
Last Page : 897
Authors : Nyoni BN, Gorman K, Mzilahowa T, Williamson MS, Navajas M, Field LM, Bass C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi (Baker and Pritchard), is a serious pest of solanaceous crops in many African countries. In this study an investigation has been conducted to establish whether mutation of the para-type sodium channel underlies pyrethroid resistance in T. evansi strains collected in Southern Malawi. RESULTS: Two T. evansi strains from Malawi showed tolerance to the organophosphate chlorpyrifos and resistance (20-40-fold) to the pyrethroid bifenthrin, but were susceptible to two contemporary acaricides (abamectin and fenpyroximate) in insecticide bioassays. Cloning of a 3.1 kb fragment (domains IIS5 to IVS5) of the T. evansi para gene from pyrethroid-resistant and pyrethroid-susceptible strains revealed a single non-synonymous mutation in the resistant strains that results in an amino acid substitution (M918T) within the domain II region of the channel. Although novel to mites, this mutation confers high levels of resistance to pyrethroids in several insect species where it has always been associated with another mutation (L1014F). This is the first report of the M918T mutation in the absence of L1014F in any arthropod species. Diagnostic tools were developed that allow sensitive detection of this mutation in individual mites. CONCLUSION: This is the first study of pyrethroid resistance in T. evansi and provides contemporary information for resistance management of this pest in Southern Malawi.
Insecticidal activity against Tetranychus evansi ST JEA in clean French bean leaf assessed as mortality at 26 degC and 16 hr day length measured after 48 hr by microimmersion protocol
|
Tetranychus evansi
|
3755.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Pyrethroid resistance in the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi, is associated with mutation of the para-type sodium channel.
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 8
First Page : 891
Last Page : 897
Authors : Nyoni BN, Gorman K, Mzilahowa T, Williamson MS, Navajas M, Field LM, Bass C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi (Baker and Pritchard), is a serious pest of solanaceous crops in many African countries. In this study an investigation has been conducted to establish whether mutation of the para-type sodium channel underlies pyrethroid resistance in T. evansi strains collected in Southern Malawi. RESULTS: Two T. evansi strains from Malawi showed tolerance to the organophosphate chlorpyrifos and resistance (20-40-fold) to the pyrethroid bifenthrin, but were susceptible to two contemporary acaricides (abamectin and fenpyroximate) in insecticide bioassays. Cloning of a 3.1 kb fragment (domains IIS5 to IVS5) of the T. evansi para gene from pyrethroid-resistant and pyrethroid-susceptible strains revealed a single non-synonymous mutation in the resistant strains that results in an amino acid substitution (M918T) within the domain II region of the channel. Although novel to mites, this mutation confers high levels of resistance to pyrethroids in several insect species where it has always been associated with another mutation (L1014F). This is the first report of the M918T mutation in the absence of L1014F in any arthropod species. Diagnostic tools were developed that allow sensitive detection of this mutation in individual mites. CONCLUSION: This is the first study of pyrethroid resistance in T. evansi and provides contemporary information for resistance management of this pest in Southern Malawi.
Insecticidal activity against orange/yellow Diaphorina citri in citrus leaf assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf-dip petridish bioassay method
|
Diaphorina citri
|
0.92
ug.mL-1
|
|
Insecticidal activity against orange/yellow Diaphorina citri in citrus leaf assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf-dip petridish bioassay method
|
Diaphorina citri
|
2.67
ug ml-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Year : 2013
Volume : 69
Issue : 4
First Page : 535
Last Page : 541
Insecticidal activity against gray/brown Diaphorina citri in citrus leaf assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf-dip petridish bioassay method
|
Diaphorina citri
|
3.62
ug.mL-1
|
|
Insecticidal activity against gray/brown Diaphorina citri in citrus leaf assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf-dip petridish bioassay method
|
Diaphorina citri
|
11.62
ug ml-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Year : 2013
Volume : 69
Issue : 4
First Page : 535
Last Page : 541
Insecticidal activity against blue/green Diaphorina citri in citrus leaf assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf-dip petridish bioassay method
|
Diaphorina citri
|
3.93
ug.mL-1
|
|
Insecticidal activity against blue/green Diaphorina citri in citrus leaf assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf-dip petridish bioassay method
|
Diaphorina citri
|
12.12
ug ml-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Year : 2013
Volume : 69
Issue : 4
First Page : 535
Last Page : 541
Insecticidal activity against Popillia japonica assessed as mortality after 30 days
|
Popillia japonica
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 1
First Page : 90
Last Page : 99
Authors : Morales-Rodriguez A, Ospina A, Peck DC.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: White grubs are the most widespread and damaging pests in turfgrass habitats of the northeast USA, and their management is highly dependent on chemical pesticides. Because this complex includes at least eight species, opportunities for pest management would be enhanced by understanding how susceptibility to control products varies across taxa. The objective of this laboratory study was to measure variation in the susceptibility of four species to 18 biological, biorational and chemical insecticides used as curative controls. RESULTS: Across species, the most efficacious biological and chemical insecticide alternatives were Steinernema scarabaei and chlorpyrifos respectively. For biorational and chemical insecticides, the European chafer [Amphimallon majale (Razoumowsky)] was the least susceptible species. For biologicals, the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman) was the least susceptible. Considering all control products, the oriental beetle [Anomala orientalis (Waterhouse)] was the most susceptible. CONCLUSION: The magnitude of variation in susceptibility supports the idea that a single product will not reliably suppress populations of all taxa, and highlights the need for pest management practitioners to identify white grub species before intervention. This differential susceptibility could have broader consequences for grub management if a numerically dominant target species is more completely suppressed than a co-occurring species.
Insecticidal activity against Popillia japonica assessed as mortality after 20 days
|
Popillia japonica
|
84.4
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 1
First Page : 90
Last Page : 99
Authors : Morales-Rodriguez A, Ospina A, Peck DC.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: White grubs are the most widespread and damaging pests in turfgrass habitats of the northeast USA, and their management is highly dependent on chemical pesticides. Because this complex includes at least eight species, opportunities for pest management would be enhanced by understanding how susceptibility to control products varies across taxa. The objective of this laboratory study was to measure variation in the susceptibility of four species to 18 biological, biorational and chemical insecticides used as curative controls. RESULTS: Across species, the most efficacious biological and chemical insecticide alternatives were Steinernema scarabaei and chlorpyrifos respectively. For biorational and chemical insecticides, the European chafer [Amphimallon majale (Razoumowsky)] was the least susceptible species. For biologicals, the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman) was the least susceptible. Considering all control products, the oriental beetle [Anomala orientalis (Waterhouse)] was the most susceptible. CONCLUSION: The magnitude of variation in susceptibility supports the idea that a single product will not reliably suppress populations of all taxa, and highlights the need for pest management practitioners to identify white grub species before intervention. This differential susceptibility could have broader consequences for grub management if a numerically dominant target species is more completely suppressed than a co-occurring species.
Insecticidal activity against Popillia japonica assessed as mortality after 10 days
|
Popillia japonica
|
62.7
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 1
First Page : 90
Last Page : 99
Authors : Morales-Rodriguez A, Ospina A, Peck DC.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: White grubs are the most widespread and damaging pests in turfgrass habitats of the northeast USA, and their management is highly dependent on chemical pesticides. Because this complex includes at least eight species, opportunities for pest management would be enhanced by understanding how susceptibility to control products varies across taxa. The objective of this laboratory study was to measure variation in the susceptibility of four species to 18 biological, biorational and chemical insecticides used as curative controls. RESULTS: Across species, the most efficacious biological and chemical insecticide alternatives were Steinernema scarabaei and chlorpyrifos respectively. For biorational and chemical insecticides, the European chafer [Amphimallon majale (Razoumowsky)] was the least susceptible species. For biologicals, the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman) was the least susceptible. Considering all control products, the oriental beetle [Anomala orientalis (Waterhouse)] was the most susceptible. CONCLUSION: The magnitude of variation in susceptibility supports the idea that a single product will not reliably suppress populations of all taxa, and highlights the need for pest management practitioners to identify white grub species before intervention. This differential susceptibility could have broader consequences for grub management if a numerically dominant target species is more completely suppressed than a co-occurring species.
Insecticidal activity against Maladera castanea assessed as mortality after 20 days
|
Maladera castanea
|
89.6
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 1
First Page : 90
Last Page : 99
Authors : Morales-Rodriguez A, Ospina A, Peck DC.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: White grubs are the most widespread and damaging pests in turfgrass habitats of the northeast USA, and their management is highly dependent on chemical pesticides. Because this complex includes at least eight species, opportunities for pest management would be enhanced by understanding how susceptibility to control products varies across taxa. The objective of this laboratory study was to measure variation in the susceptibility of four species to 18 biological, biorational and chemical insecticides used as curative controls. RESULTS: Across species, the most efficacious biological and chemical insecticide alternatives were Steinernema scarabaei and chlorpyrifos respectively. For biorational and chemical insecticides, the European chafer [Amphimallon majale (Razoumowsky)] was the least susceptible species. For biologicals, the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman) was the least susceptible. Considering all control products, the oriental beetle [Anomala orientalis (Waterhouse)] was the most susceptible. CONCLUSION: The magnitude of variation in susceptibility supports the idea that a single product will not reliably suppress populations of all taxa, and highlights the need for pest management practitioners to identify white grub species before intervention. This differential susceptibility could have broader consequences for grub management if a numerically dominant target species is more completely suppressed than a co-occurring species.
Insecticidal activity against Maladera castanea assessed as mortality after 30 days
|
Maladera castanea
|
92.4
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 1
First Page : 90
Last Page : 99
Authors : Morales-Rodriguez A, Ospina A, Peck DC.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: White grubs are the most widespread and damaging pests in turfgrass habitats of the northeast USA, and their management is highly dependent on chemical pesticides. Because this complex includes at least eight species, opportunities for pest management would be enhanced by understanding how susceptibility to control products varies across taxa. The objective of this laboratory study was to measure variation in the susceptibility of four species to 18 biological, biorational and chemical insecticides used as curative controls. RESULTS: Across species, the most efficacious biological and chemical insecticide alternatives were Steinernema scarabaei and chlorpyrifos respectively. For biorational and chemical insecticides, the European chafer [Amphimallon majale (Razoumowsky)] was the least susceptible species. For biologicals, the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman) was the least susceptible. Considering all control products, the oriental beetle [Anomala orientalis (Waterhouse)] was the most susceptible. CONCLUSION: The magnitude of variation in susceptibility supports the idea that a single product will not reliably suppress populations of all taxa, and highlights the need for pest management practitioners to identify white grub species before intervention. This differential susceptibility could have broader consequences for grub management if a numerically dominant target species is more completely suppressed than a co-occurring species.
Insecticidal activity against Maladera castanea assessed as mortality after 10 days
|
Maladera castanea
|
65.5
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 1
First Page : 90
Last Page : 99
Authors : Morales-Rodriguez A, Ospina A, Peck DC.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: White grubs are the most widespread and damaging pests in turfgrass habitats of the northeast USA, and their management is highly dependent on chemical pesticides. Because this complex includes at least eight species, opportunities for pest management would be enhanced by understanding how susceptibility to control products varies across taxa. The objective of this laboratory study was to measure variation in the susceptibility of four species to 18 biological, biorational and chemical insecticides used as curative controls. RESULTS: Across species, the most efficacious biological and chemical insecticide alternatives were Steinernema scarabaei and chlorpyrifos respectively. For biorational and chemical insecticides, the European chafer [Amphimallon majale (Razoumowsky)] was the least susceptible species. For biologicals, the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman) was the least susceptible. Considering all control products, the oriental beetle [Anomala orientalis (Waterhouse)] was the most susceptible. CONCLUSION: The magnitude of variation in susceptibility supports the idea that a single product will not reliably suppress populations of all taxa, and highlights the need for pest management practitioners to identify white grub species before intervention. This differential susceptibility could have broader consequences for grub management if a numerically dominant target species is more completely suppressed than a co-occurring species.
Insecticidal activity against Anomala orientalis assessed as mortality after 30 days
|
Anomala orientalis
|
98.6
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 1
First Page : 90
Last Page : 99
Authors : Morales-Rodriguez A, Ospina A, Peck DC.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: White grubs are the most widespread and damaging pests in turfgrass habitats of the northeast USA, and their management is highly dependent on chemical pesticides. Because this complex includes at least eight species, opportunities for pest management would be enhanced by understanding how susceptibility to control products varies across taxa. The objective of this laboratory study was to measure variation in the susceptibility of four species to 18 biological, biorational and chemical insecticides used as curative controls. RESULTS: Across species, the most efficacious biological and chemical insecticide alternatives were Steinernema scarabaei and chlorpyrifos respectively. For biorational and chemical insecticides, the European chafer [Amphimallon majale (Razoumowsky)] was the least susceptible species. For biologicals, the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman) was the least susceptible. Considering all control products, the oriental beetle [Anomala orientalis (Waterhouse)] was the most susceptible. CONCLUSION: The magnitude of variation in susceptibility supports the idea that a single product will not reliably suppress populations of all taxa, and highlights the need for pest management practitioners to identify white grub species before intervention. This differential susceptibility could have broader consequences for grub management if a numerically dominant target species is more completely suppressed than a co-occurring species.
Insecticidal activity against Anomala orientalis assessed as mortality after 20 days
|
Anomala orientalis
|
94.8
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 1
First Page : 90
Last Page : 99
Authors : Morales-Rodriguez A, Ospina A, Peck DC.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: White grubs are the most widespread and damaging pests in turfgrass habitats of the northeast USA, and their management is highly dependent on chemical pesticides. Because this complex includes at least eight species, opportunities for pest management would be enhanced by understanding how susceptibility to control products varies across taxa. The objective of this laboratory study was to measure variation in the susceptibility of four species to 18 biological, biorational and chemical insecticides used as curative controls. RESULTS: Across species, the most efficacious biological and chemical insecticide alternatives were Steinernema scarabaei and chlorpyrifos respectively. For biorational and chemical insecticides, the European chafer [Amphimallon majale (Razoumowsky)] was the least susceptible species. For biologicals, the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman) was the least susceptible. Considering all control products, the oriental beetle [Anomala orientalis (Waterhouse)] was the most susceptible. CONCLUSION: The magnitude of variation in susceptibility supports the idea that a single product will not reliably suppress populations of all taxa, and highlights the need for pest management practitioners to identify white grub species before intervention. This differential susceptibility could have broader consequences for grub management if a numerically dominant target species is more completely suppressed than a co-occurring species.
Insecticidal activity against Anomala orientalis assessed as mortality after 10 days
|
Anomala orientalis
|
87.9
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 1
First Page : 90
Last Page : 99
Authors : Morales-Rodriguez A, Ospina A, Peck DC.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: White grubs are the most widespread and damaging pests in turfgrass habitats of the northeast USA, and their management is highly dependent on chemical pesticides. Because this complex includes at least eight species, opportunities for pest management would be enhanced by understanding how susceptibility to control products varies across taxa. The objective of this laboratory study was to measure variation in the susceptibility of four species to 18 biological, biorational and chemical insecticides used as curative controls. RESULTS: Across species, the most efficacious biological and chemical insecticide alternatives were Steinernema scarabaei and chlorpyrifos respectively. For biorational and chemical insecticides, the European chafer [Amphimallon majale (Razoumowsky)] was the least susceptible species. For biologicals, the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman) was the least susceptible. Considering all control products, the oriental beetle [Anomala orientalis (Waterhouse)] was the most susceptible. CONCLUSION: The magnitude of variation in susceptibility supports the idea that a single product will not reliably suppress populations of all taxa, and highlights the need for pest management practitioners to identify white grub species before intervention. This differential susceptibility could have broader consequences for grub management if a numerically dominant target species is more completely suppressed than a co-occurring species.
Insecticidal activity against Amphimallon majalis (European chafer) assessed as mortality after 30 days
|
Amphimallon majalis
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 1
First Page : 90
Last Page : 99
Authors : Morales-Rodriguez A, Ospina A, Peck DC.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: White grubs are the most widespread and damaging pests in turfgrass habitats of the northeast USA, and their management is highly dependent on chemical pesticides. Because this complex includes at least eight species, opportunities for pest management would be enhanced by understanding how susceptibility to control products varies across taxa. The objective of this laboratory study was to measure variation in the susceptibility of four species to 18 biological, biorational and chemical insecticides used as curative controls. RESULTS: Across species, the most efficacious biological and chemical insecticide alternatives were Steinernema scarabaei and chlorpyrifos respectively. For biorational and chemical insecticides, the European chafer [Amphimallon majale (Razoumowsky)] was the least susceptible species. For biologicals, the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman) was the least susceptible. Considering all control products, the oriental beetle [Anomala orientalis (Waterhouse)] was the most susceptible. CONCLUSION: The magnitude of variation in susceptibility supports the idea that a single product will not reliably suppress populations of all taxa, and highlights the need for pest management practitioners to identify white grub species before intervention. This differential susceptibility could have broader consequences for grub management if a numerically dominant target species is more completely suppressed than a co-occurring species.
Insecticidal activity against Amphimallon majalis (European chafer) assessed as mortality after 20 days
|
Amphimallon majalis
|
89.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 1
First Page : 90
Last Page : 99
Authors : Morales-Rodriguez A, Ospina A, Peck DC.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: White grubs are the most widespread and damaging pests in turfgrass habitats of the northeast USA, and their management is highly dependent on chemical pesticides. Because this complex includes at least eight species, opportunities for pest management would be enhanced by understanding how susceptibility to control products varies across taxa. The objective of this laboratory study was to measure variation in the susceptibility of four species to 18 biological, biorational and chemical insecticides used as curative controls. RESULTS: Across species, the most efficacious biological and chemical insecticide alternatives were Steinernema scarabaei and chlorpyrifos respectively. For biorational and chemical insecticides, the European chafer [Amphimallon majale (Razoumowsky)] was the least susceptible species. For biologicals, the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman) was the least susceptible. Considering all control products, the oriental beetle [Anomala orientalis (Waterhouse)] was the most susceptible. CONCLUSION: The magnitude of variation in susceptibility supports the idea that a single product will not reliably suppress populations of all taxa, and highlights the need for pest management practitioners to identify white grub species before intervention. This differential susceptibility could have broader consequences for grub management if a numerically dominant target species is more completely suppressed than a co-occurring species.
Insecticidal activity against Amphimallon majalis (European chafer) assessed as mortality after 10 days
|
Amphimallon majalis
|
43.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 1
First Page : 90
Last Page : 99
Authors : Morales-Rodriguez A, Ospina A, Peck DC.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: White grubs are the most widespread and damaging pests in turfgrass habitats of the northeast USA, and their management is highly dependent on chemical pesticides. Because this complex includes at least eight species, opportunities for pest management would be enhanced by understanding how susceptibility to control products varies across taxa. The objective of this laboratory study was to measure variation in the susceptibility of four species to 18 biological, biorational and chemical insecticides used as curative controls. RESULTS: Across species, the most efficacious biological and chemical insecticide alternatives were Steinernema scarabaei and chlorpyrifos respectively. For biorational and chemical insecticides, the European chafer [Amphimallon majale (Razoumowsky)] was the least susceptible species. For biologicals, the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman) was the least susceptible. Considering all control products, the oriental beetle [Anomala orientalis (Waterhouse)] was the most susceptible. CONCLUSION: The magnitude of variation in susceptibility supports the idea that a single product will not reliably suppress populations of all taxa, and highlights the need for pest management practitioners to identify white grub species before intervention. This differential susceptibility could have broader consequences for grub management if a numerically dominant target species is more completely suppressed than a co-occurring species.
Cross resistant, ratio of LC50 for B-biotype thiamethoxam-resistant Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) to LC50 for B-biotype thiamethoxam-sensitive Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly)
|
Bemisia tabaci
|
1.03
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Cross-resistance study and biochemical mechanisms of thiamethoxam resistance in B-biotype Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae).
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 313
Last Page : 318
Authors : Feng Y, Wu Q, Wang S, Chang X, Xie W, Xu B, Zhang Y.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: B-biotype Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) has invaded China over the past two decades. To understand the risks and to determine possible mechanisms of resistance to thiamethoxam in B. tabaci, a resistant strain was selected in the laboratory. Cross-resistance and the biochemical mechanisms of thiamethoxam resistance were investigated in the present study. RESULTS: A 66.3-fold thiamethoxam-resistant B. tabaci strain (TH-R) was established after selection for 36 generations. Compared with the susceptible strain (TH-S), the selected TH-R strain showed obvious cross-resistance to imidacloprid (47.3-fold), acetamiprid (35.8-fold), nitenpyram (9.99-fold), abamectin (5.33-fold) and carbosulfan (4.43-fold). No cross-resistance to fipronil, chlorpyrifos or deltamethrin was seen. Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and triphenyl phosphate (TPP) exhibited significant synergism on thiamethoxam effects in the TH-R strain (3.14- and 2.37-fold respectively). However, diethyl maleate (DEM) did not act synergistically with thiamethoxam. Biochemical assays showed that cytochrome P450 monooxygenase activities increased 1.21- and 1.68-fold respectively, and carboxylesterase activity increased 2.96-fold in the TH-R strain. However, no difference was observed for glutathione S-transferase between the two strains. CONCLUSION: B-biotype B. tabaci develops resistance to thiamethoxam. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and carboxylesterase appear to be responsible for the resistance. Reasonable resistance management that avoids the use of cross-resistance insecticides may delay the development of resistance to thiamethoxam in this species.
Insecticidal activity against B-biotype thiamethoxam-resistant Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) in cabbage leaf assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf disk assay
|
Bemisia tabaci
|
621.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Cross-resistance study and biochemical mechanisms of thiamethoxam resistance in B-biotype Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae).
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 313
Last Page : 318
Authors : Feng Y, Wu Q, Wang S, Chang X, Xie W, Xu B, Zhang Y.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: B-biotype Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) has invaded China over the past two decades. To understand the risks and to determine possible mechanisms of resistance to thiamethoxam in B. tabaci, a resistant strain was selected in the laboratory. Cross-resistance and the biochemical mechanisms of thiamethoxam resistance were investigated in the present study. RESULTS: A 66.3-fold thiamethoxam-resistant B. tabaci strain (TH-R) was established after selection for 36 generations. Compared with the susceptible strain (TH-S), the selected TH-R strain showed obvious cross-resistance to imidacloprid (47.3-fold), acetamiprid (35.8-fold), nitenpyram (9.99-fold), abamectin (5.33-fold) and carbosulfan (4.43-fold). No cross-resistance to fipronil, chlorpyrifos or deltamethrin was seen. Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and triphenyl phosphate (TPP) exhibited significant synergism on thiamethoxam effects in the TH-R strain (3.14- and 2.37-fold respectively). However, diethyl maleate (DEM) did not act synergistically with thiamethoxam. Biochemical assays showed that cytochrome P450 monooxygenase activities increased 1.21- and 1.68-fold respectively, and carboxylesterase activity increased 2.96-fold in the TH-R strain. However, no difference was observed for glutathione S-transferase between the two strains. CONCLUSION: B-biotype B. tabaci develops resistance to thiamethoxam. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and carboxylesterase appear to be responsible for the resistance. Reasonable resistance management that avoids the use of cross-resistance insecticides may delay the development of resistance to thiamethoxam in this species.
Insecticidal activity against B-biotype thiamethoxam-sensitive Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) in cabbage leaf assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf disk assay
|
Bemisia tabaci
|
601.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Cross-resistance study and biochemical mechanisms of thiamethoxam resistance in B-biotype Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae).
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 313
Last Page : 318
Authors : Feng Y, Wu Q, Wang S, Chang X, Xie W, Xu B, Zhang Y.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: B-biotype Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) has invaded China over the past two decades. To understand the risks and to determine possible mechanisms of resistance to thiamethoxam in B. tabaci, a resistant strain was selected in the laboratory. Cross-resistance and the biochemical mechanisms of thiamethoxam resistance were investigated in the present study. RESULTS: A 66.3-fold thiamethoxam-resistant B. tabaci strain (TH-R) was established after selection for 36 generations. Compared with the susceptible strain (TH-S), the selected TH-R strain showed obvious cross-resistance to imidacloprid (47.3-fold), acetamiprid (35.8-fold), nitenpyram (9.99-fold), abamectin (5.33-fold) and carbosulfan (4.43-fold). No cross-resistance to fipronil, chlorpyrifos or deltamethrin was seen. Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and triphenyl phosphate (TPP) exhibited significant synergism on thiamethoxam effects in the TH-R strain (3.14- and 2.37-fold respectively). However, diethyl maleate (DEM) did not act synergistically with thiamethoxam. Biochemical assays showed that cytochrome P450 monooxygenase activities increased 1.21- and 1.68-fold respectively, and carboxylesterase activity increased 2.96-fold in the TH-R strain. However, no difference was observed for glutathione S-transferase between the two strains. CONCLUSION: B-biotype B. tabaci develops resistance to thiamethoxam. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and carboxylesterase appear to be responsible for the resistance. Reasonable resistance management that avoids the use of cross-resistance insecticides may delay the development of resistance to thiamethoxam in this species.
Insecticidal activity against young stage of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as mortality at 787.5 g/ha treated for 14 days measured after 7 days relative to control
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
Insecticidal activity against young stage of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as mortality at 787.5 g/ha treated for 7 days measured after 7 days relative to control
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
Insecticidal activity against young stage of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as mortality at 787.5 g/ha treated for 1 hr measured after 7 days relative to control
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
98.3
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
Resistance ratio, ratio of LC50 for third-instar larvae of fufenozide-resistant Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) to LC50 for third-instar larvae of fufenozide-susceptible Plutella xylostella
|
Plutella xylostella
|
1.75
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Cross-resistance patterns and fitness in fufenozide-resistant diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae).
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 2
First Page : 285
Last Page : 289
Authors : Sun J, Liang P, Gao X.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Fufenozide is a novel non-steroidal ecdysone agonist with good efficacy against diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). At present, it is widely applied for the control of a range of lepidopterous pests in China. This study compared the activities of fufenozide and 12 other insecticides against unselected and fufenozide-selected strains of DBM to examine potential patterns of cross-resistance. The relative fitness of the fufenozide-selected strain was assessed to provide information pertinent to insecticide resistance management. RESULTS: Compared with the susceptible strain (JSS), the fufenozide-resistant strain (JSR) showed high cross-resistance to dibenzoylhydrazines and benzoylphenylureas, low cross-resistance to abamectin and no cross-resistance to organophosphates, carbamates and pyrethroids. JSR had a lower reproductive ability and a relative fitness of 0.5 compared with JSS. CONCLUSION: P. xylostella has the potential to develop resistance to fufenozide, albeit at the expense of fitness. Cross-resistance between the same and other classes of insecticides is of concern, and should be a key consideration when implementing fufenozide-based control strategies for this species.
Insecticidal activity against third-instar larvae of fufenozide-susceptible Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) assessed as mortality by leaf-dip bioassay method
|
Plutella xylostella
|
122.4
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Cross-resistance patterns and fitness in fufenozide-resistant diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae).
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 2
First Page : 285
Last Page : 289
Authors : Sun J, Liang P, Gao X.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Fufenozide is a novel non-steroidal ecdysone agonist with good efficacy against diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). At present, it is widely applied for the control of a range of lepidopterous pests in China. This study compared the activities of fufenozide and 12 other insecticides against unselected and fufenozide-selected strains of DBM to examine potential patterns of cross-resistance. The relative fitness of the fufenozide-selected strain was assessed to provide information pertinent to insecticide resistance management. RESULTS: Compared with the susceptible strain (JSS), the fufenozide-resistant strain (JSR) showed high cross-resistance to dibenzoylhydrazines and benzoylphenylureas, low cross-resistance to abamectin and no cross-resistance to organophosphates, carbamates and pyrethroids. JSR had a lower reproductive ability and a relative fitness of 0.5 compared with JSS. CONCLUSION: P. xylostella has the potential to develop resistance to fufenozide, albeit at the expense of fitness. Cross-resistance between the same and other classes of insecticides is of concern, and should be a key consideration when implementing fufenozide-based control strategies for this species.
Insecticidal activity against third-instar larvae of fufenozide-resistant Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) assessed as mortality by leaf-dip bioassay method
|
Plutella xylostella
|
214.9
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Cross-resistance patterns and fitness in fufenozide-resistant diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae).
Year : 2012
Volume : 68
Issue : 2
First Page : 285
Last Page : 289
Authors : Sun J, Liang P, Gao X.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Fufenozide is a novel non-steroidal ecdysone agonist with good efficacy against diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). At present, it is widely applied for the control of a range of lepidopterous pests in China. This study compared the activities of fufenozide and 12 other insecticides against unselected and fufenozide-selected strains of DBM to examine potential patterns of cross-resistance. The relative fitness of the fufenozide-selected strain was assessed to provide information pertinent to insecticide resistance management. RESULTS: Compared with the susceptible strain (JSS), the fufenozide-resistant strain (JSR) showed high cross-resistance to dibenzoylhydrazines and benzoylphenylureas, low cross-resistance to abamectin and no cross-resistance to organophosphates, carbamates and pyrethroids. JSR had a lower reproductive ability and a relative fitness of 0.5 compared with JSS. CONCLUSION: P. xylostella has the potential to develop resistance to fufenozide, albeit at the expense of fitness. Cross-resistance between the same and other classes of insecticides is of concern, and should be a key consideration when implementing fufenozide-based control strategies for this species.
Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as reduction of progeny per female at 787.5 g/ha treated for 14 days measured after 7 days
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as overwintered female mortality at 787.5 g/ha treated for 14 days measured after 3 days relative to control
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
93.3
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as overwintered female mortality at 787.5 g/ha treated for 14 days measured after 1 day relative to control
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
93.3
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as reduction of progeny per female at 787.5 g/ha treated for 7 days measured after 7 days
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as overwintered female mortality at 787.5 g/ha treated for 7 days measured after 3 days relative to control
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as overwintered female mortality at 787.5 g/ha treated for 7 days measured after 1 day relative to control
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as reduction of progeny per female at 787.5 g/ha treated for 1 hr measured after 7 days
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as overwintered female mortality at 787.5 g/ha treated for 1 hr measured after 3 days relative to control
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.
Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as overwintered female mortality at 787.5 g/ha treated for 1 hr measured after 1 day relative to control
|
Cacopsylla melanoneura
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial.
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 3
First Page : 308
Last Page : 312
Authors : Baldessari M, Trona F, Angeli G, Ioriatti C.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) is a vector of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali, the causal agent of one of the most serious diseases in European apple orchards, apple proliferation (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of five insecticides from different chemical groups (carbamates, chitin inhibitors, insect growth regulators, organophosphates and pyrethroids) towards overwintered adults and young stages of C. melanoneura under semi-field conditions. RESULTS: The organophosphate chlorpyrifos and the pyrethroid etofenprox caused higher mortality of overwintered adults than diflubenzuron, fenoxycarb and abamectin, with mortality values exceeding 90%. All the pesticides tested reduced the number of progeny per female and, except for abamectin, were highly effective against young stages, with a long-lasting effect. CONCLUSION: An integrated management of the vector is currently required to prevent the spread of AP. The reference insecticides, chlorpyrifos and etofenprox, have a strong toxicity and persistence against all stages of the vector. In apple orchard IPM programmes, the chitin inhibitors and the insect growth regulators could be part of an alternative and more sustainable strategy for the control of C. melanoneura owing to their effectiveness against immature stages.