Risk quotient, recommended field rate (g/ha) to LC50 for Trichogramma nubilale (mg/L)
|
Trichogramma nubilale
|
57.1
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Susceptibility of adult Trichogramma nubilale (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) to selected insecticides with different modes of action
Year : 2012
Volume : 34
First Page : 76
Last Page : 72
Authors : Wang Y, Yu R, Zhao X, Chen L, Wu C, Cang T, Wang Q.
Abstract : The parasitic wasp Trichogramma nubilale (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) is one of the most suitable parasitoids for controlling Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Although extensive toxicological tests have been carried out to elucidate the toxicities of insecticides to trichogrammatids, the acute toxicity risks of commonly used insecticides to T. nubilale are not well known. Among the 7 classes of tested chemicals, organophosphates and carbamates had the highest intrinsic toxicity to the parasitoid with LC50 values ranging from 0.081 (0.062–0.12) to 2.10 (1.23–3.47) and from 0.12 (0.11–0.14) to 0.95 (0.87–1.05) mg a.i. per liter, respectively. The phenylpyrazoles (with the exception of butene-fipronil), avermectins, neonicotinoids and pyrethroids induced intermediate toxicity responses with LC50 values ranging from 0.29 to 4.67, 2.36 to 11.27, 1.86 to 311.9, and 10.98–150.3 mg a.i. per liter, respectively. In contrast, insect growth regulators (IGRs) exhibited the least toxicity to the parasitoid with LC50 values ranging from 3452 (3114–3877) to 10,168 (8848–12,027) mg a.i. per liter. A risk quotient analysis indicated that neonicotinoids, avermectins, pyrethroids, IGRs and phenylpyrazoles (with the exception of butene-fipronil) were safe, but organophosphates and carbamates were slightly to moderately toxic or highly toxic to T. nubilale. This study provided informative data for implementing both biological and chemical control strategies in integrated pest management (IPM) of corn lepidopterans.
Contact toxicity against Trichogramma nubilale assessed as mortality after 24 hr by modified slight dry film method
|
Trichogramma nubilale
|
34.74
mgAi/L
|
|
Contact toxicity against Trichogramma nubilale assessed as mortality after 24 hr by modified slight dry film method
|
Trichogramma nubilale
|
2.1
mgAi/L
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Susceptibility of adult Trichogramma nubilale (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) to selected insecticides with different modes of action
Year : 2012
Volume : 34
First Page : 76
Last Page : 72
Authors : Wang Y, Yu R, Zhao X, Chen L, Wu C, Cang T, Wang Q.
Abstract : The parasitic wasp Trichogramma nubilale (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) is one of the most suitable parasitoids for controlling Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Although extensive toxicological tests have been carried out to elucidate the toxicities of insecticides to trichogrammatids, the acute toxicity risks of commonly used insecticides to T. nubilale are not well known. Among the 7 classes of tested chemicals, organophosphates and carbamates had the highest intrinsic toxicity to the parasitoid with LC50 values ranging from 0.081 (0.062–0.12) to 2.10 (1.23–3.47) and from 0.12 (0.11–0.14) to 0.95 (0.87–1.05) mg a.i. per liter, respectively. The phenylpyrazoles (with the exception of butene-fipronil), avermectins, neonicotinoids and pyrethroids induced intermediate toxicity responses with LC50 values ranging from 0.29 to 4.67, 2.36 to 11.27, 1.86 to 311.9, and 10.98–150.3 mg a.i. per liter, respectively. In contrast, insect growth regulators (IGRs) exhibited the least toxicity to the parasitoid with LC50 values ranging from 3452 (3114–3877) to 10,168 (8848–12,027) mg a.i. per liter. A risk quotient analysis indicated that neonicotinoids, avermectins, pyrethroids, IGRs and phenylpyrazoles (with the exception of butene-fipronil) were safe, but organophosphates and carbamates were slightly to moderately toxic or highly toxic to T. nubilale. This study provided informative data for implementing both biological and chemical control strategies in integrated pest management (IPM) of corn lepidopterans.
Dissociation constant, pKa of the compound at pH 7.3
|
None
|
0.0
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Importance of physicochemical properties for the design of new pesticides.
Year : 2011
Volume : 59
Issue : 7
First Page : 2909
Last Page : 2917
Authors : Akamatsu M.
Abstract : The physicochemical properties of candidate compounds play important roles in the design of new pesticides. Pesticides must be absorbed by pests, be transported to the target site, and then interact with proteins. Hydrophobicity is very important for these processes. Log P, where P is the partition coefficient in the 1-octanol/water system, is commonly used as a hydrophobic descriptor and correlates with membrane permeation and transport. It was recently reported that permeability by the parallel artificial membrane permeation assay (PAMPA) could be used to predict human oral absorption of passively transported compounds. PAMPA, which is a rapid high-throughput screening system, may be useful to predict pesticide absorption because PAMPA permeability can be calculated using log P and other parameters. Electronic and structural properties as well as hydrophobicity are important factors for protein-ligand interaction. To show the importance of physicochemical properties, the classic QSAR and CoMFA of neonicotinoids and prediction of bioavailability of pesticides in terms of membrane permeability in comparison with drugs are described.
Apparent hydrophobicity, log D of the compound in Octanol-buffer
|
None
|
3.3
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Importance of physicochemical properties for the design of new pesticides.
Year : 2011
Volume : 59
Issue : 7
First Page : 2909
Last Page : 2917
Authors : Akamatsu M.
Abstract : The physicochemical properties of candidate compounds play important roles in the design of new pesticides. Pesticides must be absorbed by pests, be transported to the target site, and then interact with proteins. Hydrophobicity is very important for these processes. Log P, where P is the partition coefficient in the 1-octanol/water system, is commonly used as a hydrophobic descriptor and correlates with membrane permeation and transport. It was recently reported that permeability by the parallel artificial membrane permeation assay (PAMPA) could be used to predict human oral absorption of passively transported compounds. PAMPA, which is a rapid high-throughput screening system, may be useful to predict pesticide absorption because PAMPA permeability can be calculated using log P and other parameters. Electronic and structural properties as well as hydrophobicity are important factors for protein-ligand interaction. To show the importance of physicochemical properties, the classic QSAR and CoMFA of neonicotinoids and prediction of bioavailability of pesticides in terms of membrane permeability in comparison with drugs are described.
Apparent permeability of the compound by PAMPA
|
None
|
-5.55
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Importance of physicochemical properties for the design of new pesticides.
Year : 2011
Volume : 59
Issue : 7
First Page : 2909
Last Page : 2917
Authors : Akamatsu M.
Abstract : The physicochemical properties of candidate compounds play important roles in the design of new pesticides. Pesticides must be absorbed by pests, be transported to the target site, and then interact with proteins. Hydrophobicity is very important for these processes. Log P, where P is the partition coefficient in the 1-octanol/water system, is commonly used as a hydrophobic descriptor and correlates with membrane permeation and transport. It was recently reported that permeability by the parallel artificial membrane permeation assay (PAMPA) could be used to predict human oral absorption of passively transported compounds. PAMPA, which is a rapid high-throughput screening system, may be useful to predict pesticide absorption because PAMPA permeability can be calculated using log P and other parameters. Electronic and structural properties as well as hydrophobicity are important factors for protein-ligand interaction. To show the importance of physicochemical properties, the classic QSAR and CoMFA of neonicotinoids and prediction of bioavailability of pesticides in terms of membrane permeability in comparison with drugs are described.
Hydrophobicity, log P of the compound in octanol-water by shaking-flask method
|
None
|
3.3
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Importance of physicochemical properties for the design of new pesticides.
Year : 2011
Volume : 59
Issue : 7
First Page : 2909
Last Page : 2917
Authors : Akamatsu M.
Abstract : The physicochemical properties of candidate compounds play important roles in the design of new pesticides. Pesticides must be absorbed by pests, be transported to the target site, and then interact with proteins. Hydrophobicity is very important for these processes. Log P, where P is the partition coefficient in the 1-octanol/water system, is commonly used as a hydrophobic descriptor and correlates with membrane permeation and transport. It was recently reported that permeability by the parallel artificial membrane permeation assay (PAMPA) could be used to predict human oral absorption of passively transported compounds. PAMPA, which is a rapid high-throughput screening system, may be useful to predict pesticide absorption because PAMPA permeability can be calculated using log P and other parameters. Electronic and structural properties as well as hydrophobicity are important factors for protein-ligand interaction. To show the importance of physicochemical properties, the classic QSAR and CoMFA of neonicotinoids and prediction of bioavailability of pesticides in terms of membrane permeability in comparison with drugs are described.
Insecticidal activity against Nephotettix cincticeps (green rice leafhopper) infested on rice leaf assessed as mortality after 5 days
|
Nephotettix cincticeps
|
200.0
ppm
|
|
Journal : Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
Year : 1992
Volume : 56
Issue : 2
First Page : 364
Last Page : 365
Ratio of EC50 for Daphnia magna to EC50 for first instar larvae of Cheumatopsyche brevilineata
|
None
|
0.15
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Title : A useful new insecticide bioassay using first-instar larvae of a net-spinning caddisfly, Cheumatopsyche brevilineata (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae)
Year : 2009
Volume : 34
Issue : 1
First Page : 13
Last Page : 20
Authors : Yokoyama A, Ohtsu K, Iwafune T, Nagai T, Ishihara S, Kobara Y, Horio T, Endo S
Insecticidal activity against first-instar larvae of Cheumatopsyche brevilineata after 48 hr
|
Cheumatopsyche
|
0.00778
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Title : A useful new insecticide bioassay using first-instar larvae of a net-spinning caddisfly, Cheumatopsyche brevilineata (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae)
Year : 2009
Volume : 34
Issue : 1
First Page : 13
Last Page : 20
Authors : Yokoyama A, Ohtsu K, Iwafune T, Nagai T, Ishihara S, Kobara Y, Horio T, Endo S
Octanol-water partition coefficient, log KOW of the compound
|
None
|
3.43
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Title : A useful new insecticide bioassay using first-instar larvae of a net-spinning caddisfly, Cheumatopsyche brevilineata (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae)
Year : 2009
Volume : 34
Issue : 1
First Page : 13
Last Page : 20
Authors : Yokoyama A, Ohtsu K, Iwafune T, Nagai T, Ishihara S, Kobara Y, Horio T, Endo S
Insecticidal activity against Daphnia magna after 48 hr
|
Daphnia magna
|
0.011
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Title : A useful new insecticide bioassay using first-instar larvae of a net-spinning caddisfly, Cheumatopsyche brevilineata (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae)
Year : 2009
Volume : 34
Issue : 1
First Page : 13
Last Page : 20
Authors : Yokoyama A, Ohtsu K, Iwafune T, Nagai T, Ishihara S, Kobara Y, Horio T, Endo S
Ratio of EC50 for fifth-instar larvae of Cheumatopsyche brevilineata K to EC50 for first instar larvae of Cheumatopsyche brevilineata K
|
Cheumatopsyche
|
28.4
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 2009
Volume : 34
Issue : 1
First Page : 21
Last Page : 26
Ratio of EC50 for fifth-instar larvae of Cheumatopsyche brevilineata M to EC50 for first instar larvae of Cheumatopsyche brevilineata M
|
Cheumatopsyche
|
4.3
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 2009
Volume : 34
Issue : 1
First Page : 21
Last Page : 26
Insecticidal activity against first-instar larvae of Cheumatopsyche brevilineata K after 48 hr
|
Cheumatopsyche
|
0.0261
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 2009
Volume : 34
Issue : 1
First Page : 21
Last Page : 26
Insecticidal activity against fifth-instar larvae of Cheumatopsyche brevilineata K after 48 hr
|
Cheumatopsyche
|
0.741
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 2009
Volume : 34
Issue : 1
First Page : 21
Last Page : 26
Insecticidal activity against first-instar larvae of Cheumatopsyche brevilineata M after 48 hr
|
Cheumatopsyche
|
0.00623
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 2009
Volume : 34
Issue : 1
First Page : 21
Last Page : 26
Insecticidal activity against fifth-instar larvae of Cheumatopsyche brevilineata M after 48 hr
|
Cheumatopsyche
|
0.0265
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 2009
Volume : 34
Issue : 1
First Page : 21
Last Page : 26
Drug uptake in Spodoptera litura assessed as recovered drug level 0.2 ug/insect after 6 hr
|
Spodoptera litura
|
81.8
%
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 2001
Volume : 26
Issue : 2
First Page : 165
Last Page : 168
Drug uptake in Spodoptera litura assessed as recovered drug level 0.2 ug/insect after 1 hr
|
Spodoptera litura
|
94.8
%
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 2001
Volume : 26
Issue : 2
First Page : 165
Last Page : 168
Drug uptake in Spodoptera litura assessed as penetrated drug level 0.2 ug/insect after 6 hr
|
Spodoptera litura
|
71.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 2001
Volume : 26
Issue : 2
First Page : 165
Last Page : 168
Drug uptake in Spodoptera litura assessed as penetrated drug level 0.2 ug/insect after 1 hr
|
Spodoptera litura
|
51.2
%
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 2001
Volume : 26
Issue : 2
First Page : 165
Last Page : 168
Drug uptake in Spodoptera litura assessed as unchanged drug level 0.2 ug/insect after 1 hr
|
Spodoptera litura
|
40.9
%
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 2001
Volume : 26
Issue : 2
First Page : 165
Last Page : 168
Drug uptake in Spodoptera litura assessed as surface residue level 0.2 ug/insect after 6 hr
|
Spodoptera litura
|
10.8
%
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 2001
Volume : 26
Issue : 2
First Page : 165
Last Page : 168
Octanol-water partition coefficient, log P of the compound by shake-flask method
|
None
|
3.27
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 2001
Volume : 26
Issue : 2
First Page : 165
Last Page : 168
Drug uptake in Spodoptera litura assessed as surface residue level 0.2 ug/insect after 1 hr
|
Spodoptera litura
|
43.6
%
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 2001
Volume : 26
Issue : 2
First Page : 165
Last Page : 168
Insecticidal activity against Musca domestica (house fly) assessed as mortality at 0.015 ug/insect after 24 hr
|
Musca domestica
|
0.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
Year : 1998
Volume : 62
Issue : 5
First Page : 1025
Last Page : 1027
Insecticidal activity against Musca domestica (house fly) assessed as mortality at 0.031 ug/insect after 24 hr
|
Musca domestica
|
3.3
%
|
|
Journal : Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
Year : 1998
Volume : 62
Issue : 5
First Page : 1025
Last Page : 1027
Insecticidal activity against Musca domestica (house fly) assessed as mortality at 0.062 ug/insect after 24 hr
|
Musca domestica
|
46.7
%
|
|
Journal : Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
Year : 1998
Volume : 62
Issue : 5
First Page : 1025
Last Page : 1027
Insecticidal activity against Musca domestica (house fly) assessed as mortality at 0.125 ug/insect after 24 hr
|
Musca domestica
|
93.3
%
|
|
Journal : Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
Year : 1998
Volume : 62
Issue : 5
First Page : 1025
Last Page : 1027
Insecticidal activity against Musca domestica (house fly) assessed as mortality at 0.250 ug/insect after 24 hr
|
Musca domestica
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
Year : 1998
Volume : 62
Issue : 5
First Page : 1025
Last Page : 1027
Insecticidal activity against Culex pipiens pallens (mosquito) assessed as mortality at 0.002 ug/insect after 24 hr
|
Culex pipiens pallens
|
50.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
Year : 1998
Volume : 62
Issue : 5
First Page : 1025
Last Page : 1027
Insecticidal activity against Culex pipiens pallens (mosquito) assessed as mortality at 0.004 ug/insect after 24 hr
|
Culex pipiens pallens
|
86.7
%
|
|
Journal : Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
Year : 1998
Volume : 62
Issue : 5
First Page : 1025
Last Page : 1027
Insecticidal activity against Culex pipiens pallens (mosquito) assessed as mortality at 0.0005 ug/insect after 24 hr
|
Culex pipiens pallens
|
3.3
%
|
|
Journal : Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
Year : 1998
Volume : 62
Issue : 5
First Page : 1025
Last Page : 1027
Insecticidal activity against Culex pipiens pallens (mosquito) assessed as mortality at 0.008 ug/insect after 24 hr
|
Culex pipiens pallens
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
Year : 1998
Volume : 62
Issue : 5
First Page : 1025
Last Page : 1027
Insecticidal activity against Culex pipiens pallens (mosquito) assessed as mortality at 0.001 ug/insect after 24 hr
|
Culex pipiens pallens
|
16.7
%
|
|
Journal : Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
Year : 1998
Volume : 62
Issue : 5
First Page : 1025
Last Page : 1027
Insecticidal activity against Culex pipiens pallens (mosquito) assessed as mortality at 0.00025 ug/insect after 24 hr
|
Culex pipiens pallens
|
0.0
%
|
|
Journal : Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
Year : 1998
Volume : 62
Issue : 5
First Page : 1025
Last Page : 1027
Resistance ratio, LC50 for OP-resistance Chilo suppressalis Hata-f (rice stem borer) to OP-susceptible Chilo suppressalis S (rice stem borer) strain
|
Chilo suppressalis
|
38.0
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 1990
Volume : 15
Issue : 2
First Page : 175
Last Page : 187
Insecticidal activity against OP-resistance Chilo suppressalis Hata-f (rice stem borer) assessed as mortality measured after 24 hr
|
Chilo suppressalis
|
69.0
mg.kg-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 1990
Volume : 15
Issue : 2
First Page : 175
Last Page : 187
Insecticidal activity against OP-susceptible Chilo suppressalis S (rice stem borer) strain assessed as mortality measured after 24 hr
|
Chilo suppressalis
|
1.8
mg.kg-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 1990
Volume : 15
Issue : 2
First Page : 175
Last Page : 187
Ratio of LD50 for Laodelphax striatella Ibaraki (small brown planthopper) to LD50 for susceptible Laodelphax striatella
|
Laodelphax striatella
|
4.2
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Title : Insecticide Resistance and Insensitive Acetylcholinesterase in Small Brown Planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus
Year : 2000
Volume : 25
Issue : 4
First Page : 395
Last Page : 397
Authors : ENDO S, TSURUMACHI M
Ratio of LD50 for Laodelphax striatella Kumamoto (small brown planthopper) to LD50 for susceptible Laodelphax striatella
|
Laodelphax striatella
|
5.9
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Title : Insecticide Resistance and Insensitive Acetylcholinesterase in Small Brown Planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus
Year : 2000
Volume : 25
Issue : 4
First Page : 395
Last Page : 397
Authors : ENDO S, TSURUMACHI M
Insecticidal activity against Laodelphax striatella Ibaraki (small brown planthopper) assessed as mortality compound treated topically on dorsal side
|
Laodelphax striatella
|
27.0
mg.kg-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Title : Insecticide Resistance and Insensitive Acetylcholinesterase in Small Brown Planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus
Year : 2000
Volume : 25
Issue : 4
First Page : 395
Last Page : 397
Authors : ENDO S, TSURUMACHI M
Insecticidal activity against Laodelphax striatella Kumamoto (small brown planthopper) assessed as mortality compound treated topically on dorsal side
|
Laodelphax striatella
|
38.0
mg.kg-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Title : Insecticide Resistance and Insensitive Acetylcholinesterase in Small Brown Planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus
Year : 2000
Volume : 25
Issue : 4
First Page : 395
Last Page : 397
Authors : ENDO S, TSURUMACHI M
Insecticidal activity against susceptible Laodelphax striatella (small brown planthopper) assessed as mortality compound treated topically on dorsal side
|
Laodelphax striatella
|
6.4
mg.kg-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Title : Insecticide Resistance and Insensitive Acetylcholinesterase in Small Brown Planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus
Year : 2000
Volume : 25
Issue : 4
First Page : 395
Last Page : 397
Authors : ENDO S, TSURUMACHI M
Insecticidal activity against female Musca domestica (house fly) assessed as mortality compound topically applied to the abdomen measured per fly after 24 hr
|
Musca domestica
|
0.051
ug
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 1990
Volume : 15
Issue : 4
First Page : 539
Last Page : 551
Insecticidal activity against fourth-instar Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) assessed as inhibition of larval weight gain at 30 degC measured after 2 days by feeding method
|
Tribolium castaneum
|
4.7
ppm
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 1990
Volume : 15
Issue : 4
First Page : 539
Last Page : 551
Insecticidal activity against organophosphate-resistant Chilo suppressalis (rice stem borer) fifth-instar larvae assessed as mortality after 24 hr
|
Chilo suppressalis
|
77.3
mg.kg-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 1996
Volume : 21
Issue : 4
First Page : 425
Last Page : 429
Insecticidal activity against wild-type Chilo suppressalis (rice stem borer) fifth-instar larvae assessed as mortality after 24 hr
|
Chilo suppressalis
|
2.42
mg.kg-1
|
|
Journal : J Pesticide Sci
Year : 1996
Volume : 21
Issue : 4
First Page : 425
Last Page : 429