|
In vivo antifungal activity against Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei infected barley seedlings assessed as control of barley powdery mildew disease development at 1 ug/ml treated 1 day before spore inoculation measured 3-7 days after inoculation
|
Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei
|
75.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2011
Volume : 59
Issue : 20
First Page : 11160
Last Page : 11167
|
In vivo antifungal activity against Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei infected barley seedlings assessed as control of barley powdery mildew disease development at 100 ug/ml treated 1 day before spore inoculation measured 3-7 days after inoculation
|
Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2011
Volume : 59
Issue : 20
First Page : 11160
Last Page : 11167
|
Antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides assessed as as appearance of diffuse zone of inhibition at 2 mM in 2 uL solution by direct bio-autography assay
|
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
|
None
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Bioactivity-guided fractionation and GC/MS fingerprinting of Angelica sinensis and Angelica archangelica root components for antifungal and mosquito deterrent activity.
Year : 2009
Volume : 57
Issue : 2
First Page : 464
Last Page : 470
Authors : Wedge DE, Klun JA, Tabanca N, Demirci B, Ozek T, Baser KH, Liu Z, Zhang S, Cantrell CL, Zhang J.
Abstract : Bioassay-guided fractionation of the chloroform extract from the roots of Angelica sinensis led to isolation and characterization of (Z)-ligustilide using direct-bioautography with Colletotrichum species. The structure of (Z)-ligustilide was confirmed by (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy and GC/MS. (Z)-Ligustilide deterred the biting of two mosquito species more effectively than DEET. Three different A. sinensis accessions and one Angelica archangelica root oil were evauated by GC and GC/MS, and the dominant component in A. sinensis was 61-69% (Z)-ligustilide. Two other prominent compounds in A. sinensis oils were 5.7-9.8% (E)-3-butylidene phthalide and 1.5-2.3% (Z)-3-butylidene phthalide. The main constituents that comprised A. archangelica oil were monoterpene hydrocarbons such as 24.5% alpha-pinene, 13.8% delta-3-carene, 10.1% beta-phellandrene, 8.8% p-cymene, 8.4% limonene, and 6.3% sabinene. Phthalides and monoterpene hydrocarbons were determined to be good systematic markers or chemical fingerprints for A. sinensis and A. archangelica root oils. Chemical fingerprinting by GC/MS of A. sinensis also confirmed the misidentification of one A. archangelica sample sold in the Chinese market.
|
Antifungal activity against Colletotrichum acutatum assessed as appearance of diffuse zone of inhibition at 2 mM in 2 uL solution by direct bio-autography assay
|
Colletotrichum acutatum
|
None
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Bioactivity-guided fractionation and GC/MS fingerprinting of Angelica sinensis and Angelica archangelica root components for antifungal and mosquito deterrent activity.
Year : 2009
Volume : 57
Issue : 2
First Page : 464
Last Page : 470
Authors : Wedge DE, Klun JA, Tabanca N, Demirci B, Ozek T, Baser KH, Liu Z, Zhang S, Cantrell CL, Zhang J.
Abstract : Bioassay-guided fractionation of the chloroform extract from the roots of Angelica sinensis led to isolation and characterization of (Z)-ligustilide using direct-bioautography with Colletotrichum species. The structure of (Z)-ligustilide was confirmed by (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy and GC/MS. (Z)-Ligustilide deterred the biting of two mosquito species more effectively than DEET. Three different A. sinensis accessions and one Angelica archangelica root oil were evauated by GC and GC/MS, and the dominant component in A. sinensis was 61-69% (Z)-ligustilide. Two other prominent compounds in A. sinensis oils were 5.7-9.8% (E)-3-butylidene phthalide and 1.5-2.3% (Z)-3-butylidene phthalide. The main constituents that comprised A. archangelica oil were monoterpene hydrocarbons such as 24.5% alpha-pinene, 13.8% delta-3-carene, 10.1% beta-phellandrene, 8.8% p-cymene, 8.4% limonene, and 6.3% sabinene. Phthalides and monoterpene hydrocarbons were determined to be good systematic markers or chemical fingerprints for A. sinensis and A. archangelica root oils. Chemical fingerprinting by GC/MS of A. sinensis also confirmed the misidentification of one A. archangelica sample sold in the Chinese market.
|
Antifungal activity against Colletotrichum fragariae assessed as inhibition of fungal growth at 2 mM in 2 uL solution by direct bio-autography assay
|
Colletotrichum fragariae
|
21.3
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Bioactivity-guided fractionation and GC/MS fingerprinting of Angelica sinensis and Angelica archangelica root components for antifungal and mosquito deterrent activity.
Year : 2009
Volume : 57
Issue : 2
First Page : 464
Last Page : 470
Authors : Wedge DE, Klun JA, Tabanca N, Demirci B, Ozek T, Baser KH, Liu Z, Zhang S, Cantrell CL, Zhang J.
Abstract : Bioassay-guided fractionation of the chloroform extract from the roots of Angelica sinensis led to isolation and characterization of (Z)-ligustilide using direct-bioautography with Colletotrichum species. The structure of (Z)-ligustilide was confirmed by (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy and GC/MS. (Z)-Ligustilide deterred the biting of two mosquito species more effectively than DEET. Three different A. sinensis accessions and one Angelica archangelica root oil were evauated by GC and GC/MS, and the dominant component in A. sinensis was 61-69% (Z)-ligustilide. Two other prominent compounds in A. sinensis oils were 5.7-9.8% (E)-3-butylidene phthalide and 1.5-2.3% (Z)-3-butylidene phthalide. The main constituents that comprised A. archangelica oil were monoterpene hydrocarbons such as 24.5% alpha-pinene, 13.8% delta-3-carene, 10.1% beta-phellandrene, 8.8% p-cymene, 8.4% limonene, and 6.3% sabinene. Phthalides and monoterpene hydrocarbons were determined to be good systematic markers or chemical fingerprints for A. sinensis and A. archangelica root oils. Chemical fingerprinting by GC/MS of A. sinensis also confirmed the misidentification of one A. archangelica sample sold in the Chinese market.
|
Antifungal activity against Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei infected compound pre-treated barley plant seedlings assessed as barley powdery mildew disease control efficacy at 1 ug/mL under greenhouse conditions
|
Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei
|
90.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2009
Volume : 57
Issue : 13
First Page : 5750
Last Page : 5755
|
Antifungal activity against Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei infected compound pre-treated barley plant seedlings assessed as barley powdery mildew disease control efficacy at 100 ug/mL under greenhouse conditions
|
Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2009
Volume : 57
Issue : 13
First Page : 5750
Last Page : 5755
|
Fungicidal activity against Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA assessed as inhibition of mycelial radial growth
|
Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA
|
17.43
mg/L
|
|
Fungicidal activity against Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA assessed as inhibition of mycelial radial growth
|
Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA
|
0.352
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Effect of doses of fungicides and plant resistance activators on the control of Rhizoctonia foliar blight of soybean, and on Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA in vitro development
Year : 2006
Volume : 25
Issue : 8
First Page : 848
Last Page : 854
Authors : Meyer MC, Bueno CJ, Souza NLde, Yorinori JT.
Abstract : Rhizoctonia foliar blight (RFB) of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] occurs in many tropical and subtropical regions, causing yield reductions of up to 70% and in Brazil, up to 60%. The disease is caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA and AG1-IB, and by AG2-3 in Japan. RFB occurs in the North, Northeast and Mid-west regions of Brazil. Chemical control remains the only effective method of controlling RFB, but its efficiency depends upon environmental conditions. In this study, 18 fungicides, salicylic acid (SA) and acibenzolar-s-methyl (ASM) were evaluated on R. solani AG1-IA in vitro, by mycelial growth rating and estimating effective concentration for 50% (EC 50) and 90% (EC 90) inhibition of mycelial growth, and in vivo by reduction of disease severity on soybean plants in greenhouse conditions. Mycelial growth was strongly inhibited by the fungicides pyraclostrobin+boscalid and fludioxonil. Preventive fungicide applications were the most effective. Strobilurins were more efficient both in preventive and curative applications. Best results with plant resistance activators were obtained with SA (2.5 mM) sprayed at 20 d before inoculation and with ASM (12.5 mg a.i. l-1) 10 d before inoculation.
|
Fungicidal activity against Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA assessed as mycelial radial growth at 100 mg/l (Rvb = 40 mm)
|
Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA
|
0.0
mm
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Effect of doses of fungicides and plant resistance activators on the control of Rhizoctonia foliar blight of soybean, and on Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA in vitro development
Year : 2006
Volume : 25
Issue : 8
First Page : 848
Last Page : 854
Authors : Meyer MC, Bueno CJ, Souza NLde, Yorinori JT.
Abstract : Rhizoctonia foliar blight (RFB) of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] occurs in many tropical and subtropical regions, causing yield reductions of up to 70% and in Brazil, up to 60%. The disease is caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA and AG1-IB, and by AG2-3 in Japan. RFB occurs in the North, Northeast and Mid-west regions of Brazil. Chemical control remains the only effective method of controlling RFB, but its efficiency depends upon environmental conditions. In this study, 18 fungicides, salicylic acid (SA) and acibenzolar-s-methyl (ASM) were evaluated on R. solani AG1-IA in vitro, by mycelial growth rating and estimating effective concentration for 50% (EC 50) and 90% (EC 90) inhibition of mycelial growth, and in vivo by reduction of disease severity on soybean plants in greenhouse conditions. Mycelial growth was strongly inhibited by the fungicides pyraclostrobin+boscalid and fludioxonil. Preventive fungicide applications were the most effective. Strobilurins were more efficient both in preventive and curative applications. Best results with plant resistance activators were obtained with SA (2.5 mM) sprayed at 20 d before inoculation and with ASM (12.5 mg a.i. l-1) 10 d before inoculation.
|
Fungicidal activity against Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA assessed as mycelial radial growth at 1 mg/l (Rvb = 40 mm)
|
Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA
|
9.6
mm
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Effect of doses of fungicides and plant resistance activators on the control of Rhizoctonia foliar blight of soybean, and on Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA in vitro development
Year : 2006
Volume : 25
Issue : 8
First Page : 848
Last Page : 854
Authors : Meyer MC, Bueno CJ, Souza NLde, Yorinori JT.
Abstract : Rhizoctonia foliar blight (RFB) of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] occurs in many tropical and subtropical regions, causing yield reductions of up to 70% and in Brazil, up to 60%. The disease is caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA and AG1-IB, and by AG2-3 in Japan. RFB occurs in the North, Northeast and Mid-west regions of Brazil. Chemical control remains the only effective method of controlling RFB, but its efficiency depends upon environmental conditions. In this study, 18 fungicides, salicylic acid (SA) and acibenzolar-s-methyl (ASM) were evaluated on R. solani AG1-IA in vitro, by mycelial growth rating and estimating effective concentration for 50% (EC 50) and 90% (EC 90) inhibition of mycelial growth, and in vivo by reduction of disease severity on soybean plants in greenhouse conditions. Mycelial growth was strongly inhibited by the fungicides pyraclostrobin+boscalid and fludioxonil. Preventive fungicide applications were the most effective. Strobilurins were more efficient both in preventive and curative applications. Best results with plant resistance activators were obtained with SA (2.5 mM) sprayed at 20 d before inoculation and with ASM (12.5 mg a.i. l-1) 10 d before inoculation.
|
Fungicidal activity against Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA assessed as mycelial radial growth at 10 mg/l (Rvb = 40 mm)
|
Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA
|
0.0
mm
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Effect of doses of fungicides and plant resistance activators on the control of Rhizoctonia foliar blight of soybean, and on Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA in vitro development
Year : 2006
Volume : 25
Issue : 8
First Page : 848
Last Page : 854
Authors : Meyer MC, Bueno CJ, Souza NLde, Yorinori JT.
Abstract : Rhizoctonia foliar blight (RFB) of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] occurs in many tropical and subtropical regions, causing yield reductions of up to 70% and in Brazil, up to 60%. The disease is caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA and AG1-IB, and by AG2-3 in Japan. RFB occurs in the North, Northeast and Mid-west regions of Brazil. Chemical control remains the only effective method of controlling RFB, but its efficiency depends upon environmental conditions. In this study, 18 fungicides, salicylic acid (SA) and acibenzolar-s-methyl (ASM) were evaluated on R. solani AG1-IA in vitro, by mycelial growth rating and estimating effective concentration for 50% (EC 50) and 90% (EC 90) inhibition of mycelial growth, and in vivo by reduction of disease severity on soybean plants in greenhouse conditions. Mycelial growth was strongly inhibited by the fungicides pyraclostrobin+boscalid and fludioxonil. Preventive fungicide applications were the most effective. Strobilurins were more efficient both in preventive and curative applications. Best results with plant resistance activators were obtained with SA (2.5 mM) sprayed at 20 d before inoculation and with ASM (12.5 mg a.i. l-1) 10 d before inoculation.
|
Fungicidal activity against Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA assessed as mycelial radial growth at 0.1 mg/l (Rvb = 40 mm)
|
Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA
|
38.8
mm
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Effect of doses of fungicides and plant resistance activators on the control of Rhizoctonia foliar blight of soybean, and on Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA in vitro development
Year : 2006
Volume : 25
Issue : 8
First Page : 848
Last Page : 854
Authors : Meyer MC, Bueno CJ, Souza NLde, Yorinori JT.
Abstract : Rhizoctonia foliar blight (RFB) of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] occurs in many tropical and subtropical regions, causing yield reductions of up to 70% and in Brazil, up to 60%. The disease is caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA and AG1-IB, and by AG2-3 in Japan. RFB occurs in the North, Northeast and Mid-west regions of Brazil. Chemical control remains the only effective method of controlling RFB, but its efficiency depends upon environmental conditions. In this study, 18 fungicides, salicylic acid (SA) and acibenzolar-s-methyl (ASM) were evaluated on R. solani AG1-IA in vitro, by mycelial growth rating and estimating effective concentration for 50% (EC 50) and 90% (EC 90) inhibition of mycelial growth, and in vivo by reduction of disease severity on soybean plants in greenhouse conditions. Mycelial growth was strongly inhibited by the fungicides pyraclostrobin+boscalid and fludioxonil. Preventive fungicide applications were the most effective. Strobilurins were more efficient both in preventive and curative applications. Best results with plant resistance activators were obtained with SA (2.5 mM) sprayed at 20 d before inoculation and with ASM (12.5 mg a.i. l-1) 10 d before inoculation.
|
Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 infected in Cavendish banana plant assessed as reduction in disease severity at 25 ug a.i./ml applied as soil drench treatment 1 week after planting measured after 7 weeks in greenhouse conditions
|
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4
|
72.2
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Evaluation of fungicides and sterilants for potential application in the management of Fusarium wilt of banana
Year : 2007
Volume : 26
Issue : 4
First Page : 697
Last Page : 705
Authors : Nel B, Steinberg C, Labuschagne N, Viljoen A.
Abstract : Fusarium wilt is considered one of the most important diseases of bananas. The disease can only be managed by using resistant cultivars and by preventing its introduction into new fields. The objectives of this study were to evaluate newly available fungicides, in vitro and in vivo, for their efficacy against the responsible pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, and to evaluate surface sterilants that could be used for sterilization purposes. Of the fungicides, prochloraz and propiconazole significantly inhibited mycelial growth at concentrations of 1 and 5 μg ml-1, respectively. Benomyl and the demethylation-inhibiting fungicides significantly reduced the disease severity of Foc when applied as a root dip treatment, showing disease reduction up to 80.6%. The results also demonstrated that certain quaternary ammonium compounds are effective as sterilants against Foc and should replace the ineffective sterilants that are currently being used. Further field evaluations of the fungicides are required.
|
Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 infected in Cavendish banana plant assessed as reduction in disease severity at 25 ug a.i./ml applied as soil drench treatment immediately after planting measured after 7 weeks in greenhouse conditions
|
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4
|
22.2
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Evaluation of fungicides and sterilants for potential application in the management of Fusarium wilt of banana
Year : 2007
Volume : 26
Issue : 4
First Page : 697
Last Page : 705
Authors : Nel B, Steinberg C, Labuschagne N, Viljoen A.
Abstract : Fusarium wilt is considered one of the most important diseases of bananas. The disease can only be managed by using resistant cultivars and by preventing its introduction into new fields. The objectives of this study were to evaluate newly available fungicides, in vitro and in vivo, for their efficacy against the responsible pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, and to evaluate surface sterilants that could be used for sterilization purposes. Of the fungicides, prochloraz and propiconazole significantly inhibited mycelial growth at concentrations of 1 and 5 μg ml-1, respectively. Benomyl and the demethylation-inhibiting fungicides significantly reduced the disease severity of Foc when applied as a root dip treatment, showing disease reduction up to 80.6%. The results also demonstrated that certain quaternary ammonium compounds are effective as sterilants against Foc and should replace the ineffective sterilants that are currently being used. Further field evaluations of the fungicides are required.
|
Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 infected in Cavendish banana plant assessed as reduction in disease severity at 25 ug a.i./ml applied as root dip treatment for 10 min measured after 7 weeks in greenhouse conditions
|
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4
|
66.7
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Evaluation of fungicides and sterilants for potential application in the management of Fusarium wilt of banana
Year : 2007
Volume : 26
Issue : 4
First Page : 697
Last Page : 705
Authors : Nel B, Steinberg C, Labuschagne N, Viljoen A.
Abstract : Fusarium wilt is considered one of the most important diseases of bananas. The disease can only be managed by using resistant cultivars and by preventing its introduction into new fields. The objectives of this study were to evaluate newly available fungicides, in vitro and in vivo, for their efficacy against the responsible pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, and to evaluate surface sterilants that could be used for sterilization purposes. Of the fungicides, prochloraz and propiconazole significantly inhibited mycelial growth at concentrations of 1 and 5 μg ml-1, respectively. Benomyl and the demethylation-inhibiting fungicides significantly reduced the disease severity of Foc when applied as a root dip treatment, showing disease reduction up to 80.6%. The results also demonstrated that certain quaternary ammonium compounds are effective as sterilants against Foc and should replace the ineffective sterilants that are currently being used. Further field evaluations of the fungicides are required.
|
Phytotoxicity against Chinese Musa acuminata AAA Group (Cavendish banana) at 5 to 25 ug a.i./ml relative to control
|
Musa acuminata AAA Group
|
None
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Evaluation of fungicides and sterilants for potential application in the management of Fusarium wilt of banana
Year : 2007
Volume : 26
Issue : 4
First Page : 697
Last Page : 705
Authors : Nel B, Steinberg C, Labuschagne N, Viljoen A.
Abstract : Fusarium wilt is considered one of the most important diseases of bananas. The disease can only be managed by using resistant cultivars and by preventing its introduction into new fields. The objectives of this study were to evaluate newly available fungicides, in vitro and in vivo, for their efficacy against the responsible pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, and to evaluate surface sterilants that could be used for sterilization purposes. Of the fungicides, prochloraz and propiconazole significantly inhibited mycelial growth at concentrations of 1 and 5 μg ml-1, respectively. Benomyl and the demethylation-inhibiting fungicides significantly reduced the disease severity of Foc when applied as a root dip treatment, showing disease reduction up to 80.6%. The results also demonstrated that certain quaternary ammonium compounds are effective as sterilants against Foc and should replace the ineffective sterilants that are currently being used. Further field evaluations of the fungicides are required.
|
Growth inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 isolate CAV 031 at 100 ug/ml after 7 days
|
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4
|
None
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Evaluation of fungicides and sterilants for potential application in the management of Fusarium wilt of banana
Year : 2007
Volume : 26
Issue : 4
First Page : 697
Last Page : 705
Authors : Nel B, Steinberg C, Labuschagne N, Viljoen A.
Abstract : Fusarium wilt is considered one of the most important diseases of bananas. The disease can only be managed by using resistant cultivars and by preventing its introduction into new fields. The objectives of this study were to evaluate newly available fungicides, in vitro and in vivo, for their efficacy against the responsible pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, and to evaluate surface sterilants that could be used for sterilization purposes. Of the fungicides, prochloraz and propiconazole significantly inhibited mycelial growth at concentrations of 1 and 5 μg ml-1, respectively. Benomyl and the demethylation-inhibiting fungicides significantly reduced the disease severity of Foc when applied as a root dip treatment, showing disease reduction up to 80.6%. The results also demonstrated that certain quaternary ammonium compounds are effective as sterilants against Foc and should replace the ineffective sterilants that are currently being used. Further field evaluations of the fungicides are required.
|
Phytotoxicity against Chinese Musa acuminata AAA Group (Cavendish banana) at 50 ug a.i./ml relative to control
|
Musa acuminata AAA Group
|
None
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Evaluation of fungicides and sterilants for potential application in the management of Fusarium wilt of banana
Year : 2007
Volume : 26
Issue : 4
First Page : 697
Last Page : 705
Authors : Nel B, Steinberg C, Labuschagne N, Viljoen A.
Abstract : Fusarium wilt is considered one of the most important diseases of bananas. The disease can only be managed by using resistant cultivars and by preventing its introduction into new fields. The objectives of this study were to evaluate newly available fungicides, in vitro and in vivo, for their efficacy against the responsible pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, and to evaluate surface sterilants that could be used for sterilization purposes. Of the fungicides, prochloraz and propiconazole significantly inhibited mycelial growth at concentrations of 1 and 5 μg ml-1, respectively. Benomyl and the demethylation-inhibiting fungicides significantly reduced the disease severity of Foc when applied as a root dip treatment, showing disease reduction up to 80.6%. The results also demonstrated that certain quaternary ammonium compounds are effective as sterilants against Foc and should replace the ineffective sterilants that are currently being used. Further field evaluations of the fungicides are required.
|
Growth inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 isolate CAV 031 at 50 ug/ml after 7 days
|
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4
|
None
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Evaluation of fungicides and sterilants for potential application in the management of Fusarium wilt of banana
Year : 2007
Volume : 26
Issue : 4
First Page : 697
Last Page : 705
Authors : Nel B, Steinberg C, Labuschagne N, Viljoen A.
Abstract : Fusarium wilt is considered one of the most important diseases of bananas. The disease can only be managed by using resistant cultivars and by preventing its introduction into new fields. The objectives of this study were to evaluate newly available fungicides, in vitro and in vivo, for their efficacy against the responsible pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, and to evaluate surface sterilants that could be used for sterilization purposes. Of the fungicides, prochloraz and propiconazole significantly inhibited mycelial growth at concentrations of 1 and 5 μg ml-1, respectively. Benomyl and the demethylation-inhibiting fungicides significantly reduced the disease severity of Foc when applied as a root dip treatment, showing disease reduction up to 80.6%. The results also demonstrated that certain quaternary ammonium compounds are effective as sterilants against Foc and should replace the ineffective sterilants that are currently being used. Further field evaluations of the fungicides are required.
|
Growth inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 isolate CAV 031 at 10 ug/ml after 7 days
|
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4
|
None
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Evaluation of fungicides and sterilants for potential application in the management of Fusarium wilt of banana
Year : 2007
Volume : 26
Issue : 4
First Page : 697
Last Page : 705
Authors : Nel B, Steinberg C, Labuschagne N, Viljoen A.
Abstract : Fusarium wilt is considered one of the most important diseases of bananas. The disease can only be managed by using resistant cultivars and by preventing its introduction into new fields. The objectives of this study were to evaluate newly available fungicides, in vitro and in vivo, for their efficacy against the responsible pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, and to evaluate surface sterilants that could be used for sterilization purposes. Of the fungicides, prochloraz and propiconazole significantly inhibited mycelial growth at concentrations of 1 and 5 μg ml-1, respectively. Benomyl and the demethylation-inhibiting fungicides significantly reduced the disease severity of Foc when applied as a root dip treatment, showing disease reduction up to 80.6%. The results also demonstrated that certain quaternary ammonium compounds are effective as sterilants against Foc and should replace the ineffective sterilants that are currently being used. Further field evaluations of the fungicides are required.
|
Growth inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 isolate CAV 086 at 5 ug/ml after 7 days
|
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4
|
None
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : Evaluation of fungicides and sterilants for potential application in the management of Fusarium wilt of banana
Year : 2007
Volume : 26
Issue : 4
First Page : 697
Last Page : 705
Authors : Nel B, Steinberg C, Labuschagne N, Viljoen A.
Abstract : Fusarium wilt is considered one of the most important diseases of bananas. The disease can only be managed by using resistant cultivars and by preventing its introduction into new fields. The objectives of this study were to evaluate newly available fungicides, in vitro and in vivo, for their efficacy against the responsible pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, and to evaluate surface sterilants that could be used for sterilization purposes. Of the fungicides, prochloraz and propiconazole significantly inhibited mycelial growth at concentrations of 1 and 5 μg ml-1, respectively. Benomyl and the demethylation-inhibiting fungicides significantly reduced the disease severity of Foc when applied as a root dip treatment, showing disease reduction up to 80.6%. The results also demonstrated that certain quaternary ammonium compounds are effective as sterilants against Foc and should replace the ineffective sterilants that are currently being used. Further field evaluations of the fungicides are required.
|
Fungicidal activity against Monilinia laxa isolate MLX1 assessed as mycelial growth at 1 ug/ml at 25 degC after 4 days
|
Monilinia laxa
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : PCR-RFLP detection of the E198A mutation conferring resistance to benzimidazoles in field isolates of Monilinia laxa from Greece
Year : 2012
Volume : 39
First Page : 11
Last Page : 17
Authors : Malandrakis AA, Markoglou AN, Ziogas BN.
Abstract : Sensitivity to benzimidazoles in isolates of the brown rot pathogen (Monilinia laxa) collected from stone fruit in central and northern Greece was evaluated and the molecular basis for resistance was investigated. M. laxa isolates were classified as benzimidazole – sensitive (S) or highly resistant (HR) based on their sensitivity profiles to carbendazim. Thirty seven percent of the isolates belonged to the HR phenotype, carried no apparent fitness penalties and exhibited resistance factor values (based on EC50 values) greater than 500. Highly resistant isolates were also less sensitive to the benzimidazoles benomyl and thiophanate-methyl but more sensitive to the N-phenylcarbamate diethofencarb and the benzamide zoxamide compared to isolates belonging to the S phenotype. Fungitoxicity tests with fungicides belonging to other chemical classes revealed no cross resistance relationships between benzimidazoles and the dicarboximide iprodione, the phenylpyrrole fludioxonil, the hydroxyanilide fenhexamid, the carboxamide boscalid, the triazole tebuconazole and the strobilurin-type fungicide pyraclostrobin, indicating that a target site modification is probably responsible for the resistant phenotypes observed. Comparison of the β-tubulin gene DNA sequences between resistant and sensitive isolates revealed a point mutation resulting from the E198A substitution of the corresponding protein in all HR isolates tested. An Eco31I restriction site in the β-tubulin gene, which was destroyed in HR M. laxa isolates, allowed the development of a PCR-RFLP diagnostic for the detection of the E198A resistance mutation.
|
Fungicidal activity against Monilinia laxa isolate MLP4 assessed as mycelial growth at 1 ug/ml at 25 degC after 4 days
|
Monilinia laxa
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : PCR-RFLP detection of the E198A mutation conferring resistance to benzimidazoles in field isolates of Monilinia laxa from Greece
Year : 2012
Volume : 39
First Page : 11
Last Page : 17
Authors : Malandrakis AA, Markoglou AN, Ziogas BN.
Abstract : Sensitivity to benzimidazoles in isolates of the brown rot pathogen (Monilinia laxa) collected from stone fruit in central and northern Greece was evaluated and the molecular basis for resistance was investigated. M. laxa isolates were classified as benzimidazole – sensitive (S) or highly resistant (HR) based on their sensitivity profiles to carbendazim. Thirty seven percent of the isolates belonged to the HR phenotype, carried no apparent fitness penalties and exhibited resistance factor values (based on EC50 values) greater than 500. Highly resistant isolates were also less sensitive to the benzimidazoles benomyl and thiophanate-methyl but more sensitive to the N-phenylcarbamate diethofencarb and the benzamide zoxamide compared to isolates belonging to the S phenotype. Fungitoxicity tests with fungicides belonging to other chemical classes revealed no cross resistance relationships between benzimidazoles and the dicarboximide iprodione, the phenylpyrrole fludioxonil, the hydroxyanilide fenhexamid, the carboxamide boscalid, the triazole tebuconazole and the strobilurin-type fungicide pyraclostrobin, indicating that a target site modification is probably responsible for the resistant phenotypes observed. Comparison of the β-tubulin gene DNA sequences between resistant and sensitive isolates revealed a point mutation resulting from the E198A substitution of the corresponding protein in all HR isolates tested. An Eco31I restriction site in the β-tubulin gene, which was destroyed in HR M. laxa isolates, allowed the development of a PCR-RFLP diagnostic for the detection of the E198A resistance mutation.
|
Fungicidal activity against Monilinia laxa isolate MLK12 assessed as mycelial growth at 1 ug/ml at 25 degC after 4 days
|
Monilinia laxa
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : PCR-RFLP detection of the E198A mutation conferring resistance to benzimidazoles in field isolates of Monilinia laxa from Greece
Year : 2012
Volume : 39
First Page : 11
Last Page : 17
Authors : Malandrakis AA, Markoglou AN, Ziogas BN.
Abstract : Sensitivity to benzimidazoles in isolates of the brown rot pathogen (Monilinia laxa) collected from stone fruit in central and northern Greece was evaluated and the molecular basis for resistance was investigated. M. laxa isolates were classified as benzimidazole – sensitive (S) or highly resistant (HR) based on their sensitivity profiles to carbendazim. Thirty seven percent of the isolates belonged to the HR phenotype, carried no apparent fitness penalties and exhibited resistance factor values (based on EC50 values) greater than 500. Highly resistant isolates were also less sensitive to the benzimidazoles benomyl and thiophanate-methyl but more sensitive to the N-phenylcarbamate diethofencarb and the benzamide zoxamide compared to isolates belonging to the S phenotype. Fungitoxicity tests with fungicides belonging to other chemical classes revealed no cross resistance relationships between benzimidazoles and the dicarboximide iprodione, the phenylpyrrole fludioxonil, the hydroxyanilide fenhexamid, the carboxamide boscalid, the triazole tebuconazole and the strobilurin-type fungicide pyraclostrobin, indicating that a target site modification is probably responsible for the resistant phenotypes observed. Comparison of the β-tubulin gene DNA sequences between resistant and sensitive isolates revealed a point mutation resulting from the E198A substitution of the corresponding protein in all HR isolates tested. An Eco31I restriction site in the β-tubulin gene, which was destroyed in HR M. laxa isolates, allowed the development of a PCR-RFLP diagnostic for the detection of the E198A resistance mutation.
|
Fungicidal activity against Monilinia laxa isolate MLK1 assessed as mycelial growth at 1 ug/ml at 25 degC after 4 days
|
Monilinia laxa
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : PCR-RFLP detection of the E198A mutation conferring resistance to benzimidazoles in field isolates of Monilinia laxa from Greece
Year : 2012
Volume : 39
First Page : 11
Last Page : 17
Authors : Malandrakis AA, Markoglou AN, Ziogas BN.
Abstract : Sensitivity to benzimidazoles in isolates of the brown rot pathogen (Monilinia laxa) collected from stone fruit in central and northern Greece was evaluated and the molecular basis for resistance was investigated. M. laxa isolates were classified as benzimidazole – sensitive (S) or highly resistant (HR) based on their sensitivity profiles to carbendazim. Thirty seven percent of the isolates belonged to the HR phenotype, carried no apparent fitness penalties and exhibited resistance factor values (based on EC50 values) greater than 500. Highly resistant isolates were also less sensitive to the benzimidazoles benomyl and thiophanate-methyl but more sensitive to the N-phenylcarbamate diethofencarb and the benzamide zoxamide compared to isolates belonging to the S phenotype. Fungitoxicity tests with fungicides belonging to other chemical classes revealed no cross resistance relationships between benzimidazoles and the dicarboximide iprodione, the phenylpyrrole fludioxonil, the hydroxyanilide fenhexamid, the carboxamide boscalid, the triazole tebuconazole and the strobilurin-type fungicide pyraclostrobin, indicating that a target site modification is probably responsible for the resistant phenotypes observed. Comparison of the β-tubulin gene DNA sequences between resistant and sensitive isolates revealed a point mutation resulting from the E198A substitution of the corresponding protein in all HR isolates tested. An Eco31I restriction site in the β-tubulin gene, which was destroyed in HR M. laxa isolates, allowed the development of a PCR-RFLP diagnostic for the detection of the E198A resistance mutation.
|
Fungicidal activity against Monilinia laxa isolate MLC2 assessed as mycelial growth at 1 ug/ml at 25 degC after 4 days
|
Monilinia laxa
|
80.01
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : PCR-RFLP detection of the E198A mutation conferring resistance to benzimidazoles in field isolates of Monilinia laxa from Greece
Year : 2012
Volume : 39
First Page : 11
Last Page : 17
Authors : Malandrakis AA, Markoglou AN, Ziogas BN.
Abstract : Sensitivity to benzimidazoles in isolates of the brown rot pathogen (Monilinia laxa) collected from stone fruit in central and northern Greece was evaluated and the molecular basis for resistance was investigated. M. laxa isolates were classified as benzimidazole – sensitive (S) or highly resistant (HR) based on their sensitivity profiles to carbendazim. Thirty seven percent of the isolates belonged to the HR phenotype, carried no apparent fitness penalties and exhibited resistance factor values (based on EC50 values) greater than 500. Highly resistant isolates were also less sensitive to the benzimidazoles benomyl and thiophanate-methyl but more sensitive to the N-phenylcarbamate diethofencarb and the benzamide zoxamide compared to isolates belonging to the S phenotype. Fungitoxicity tests with fungicides belonging to other chemical classes revealed no cross resistance relationships between benzimidazoles and the dicarboximide iprodione, the phenylpyrrole fludioxonil, the hydroxyanilide fenhexamid, the carboxamide boscalid, the triazole tebuconazole and the strobilurin-type fungicide pyraclostrobin, indicating that a target site modification is probably responsible for the resistant phenotypes observed. Comparison of the β-tubulin gene DNA sequences between resistant and sensitive isolates revealed a point mutation resulting from the E198A substitution of the corresponding protein in all HR isolates tested. An Eco31I restriction site in the β-tubulin gene, which was destroyed in HR M. laxa isolates, allowed the development of a PCR-RFLP diagnostic for the detection of the E198A resistance mutation.
|
Antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides assessed as growth inhibition at 2 uL in 2 mM acetone by direct bioautography
|
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
|
19.33
mm
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Salvia macrochlamys and Salvia recognita essential oils.
Year : 2006
Volume : 54
Issue : 18
First Page : 6593
Last Page : 6597
Authors : Tabanca N, Demirci B, Baser KH, Aytac Z, Ekici M, Khan SI, Jacob MR, Wedge DE.
Abstract : Essential oils of Salvia macrochlamys and Salvia recognita were obtained by hydrodistillation of dried aerial parts and characterized by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. One hundred and twenty identified constituents representing 97.7% in S. macrochlamys and 96.4% in S. recognita were characterized, and 1,8-cineole, borneol, and camphor were identified as major components of the essential oils. The oils were evaluated for their antimalarial, antimicrobial, and antifungal activities. Antifungal activity of the essential oils from both Salvia species was nonselective at inhibiting growth and development of reproductive stroma of the plant pathogens Colletotrichum acutatum, Colletotrichum fragariae, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. S. macrochlamys oil had good antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium intracellulare; however, the oils showed no antimicrobial activity against human pathogenic bacteria or fungi up to a concentration of 200 microg/mL. S. recognita oil exhibited a weak antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum.
|
Antifungal activity against Colletotrichum acutatum assessed as growth inhibition at 2 uL in 2 mM acetone by direct bioautography
|
Colletotrichum acutatum
|
18.0
mm
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Salvia macrochlamys and Salvia recognita essential oils.
Year : 2006
Volume : 54
Issue : 18
First Page : 6593
Last Page : 6597
Authors : Tabanca N, Demirci B, Baser KH, Aytac Z, Ekici M, Khan SI, Jacob MR, Wedge DE.
Abstract : Essential oils of Salvia macrochlamys and Salvia recognita were obtained by hydrodistillation of dried aerial parts and characterized by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. One hundred and twenty identified constituents representing 97.7% in S. macrochlamys and 96.4% in S. recognita were characterized, and 1,8-cineole, borneol, and camphor were identified as major components of the essential oils. The oils were evaluated for their antimalarial, antimicrobial, and antifungal activities. Antifungal activity of the essential oils from both Salvia species was nonselective at inhibiting growth and development of reproductive stroma of the plant pathogens Colletotrichum acutatum, Colletotrichum fragariae, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. S. macrochlamys oil had good antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium intracellulare; however, the oils showed no antimicrobial activity against human pathogenic bacteria or fungi up to a concentration of 200 microg/mL. S. recognita oil exhibited a weak antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum.
|
Fungicidal activity against Monilinia laxa isolate MLX5 assessed as mycelial growth at 1 ug/ml at 25 degC after 4 days
|
Monilinia laxa
|
0.0
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : PCR-RFLP detection of the E198A mutation conferring resistance to benzimidazoles in field isolates of Monilinia laxa from Greece
Year : 2012
Volume : 39
First Page : 11
Last Page : 17
Authors : Malandrakis AA, Markoglou AN, Ziogas BN.
Abstract : Sensitivity to benzimidazoles in isolates of the brown rot pathogen (Monilinia laxa) collected from stone fruit in central and northern Greece was evaluated and the molecular basis for resistance was investigated. M. laxa isolates were classified as benzimidazole – sensitive (S) or highly resistant (HR) based on their sensitivity profiles to carbendazim. Thirty seven percent of the isolates belonged to the HR phenotype, carried no apparent fitness penalties and exhibited resistance factor values (based on EC50 values) greater than 500. Highly resistant isolates were also less sensitive to the benzimidazoles benomyl and thiophanate-methyl but more sensitive to the N-phenylcarbamate diethofencarb and the benzamide zoxamide compared to isolates belonging to the S phenotype. Fungitoxicity tests with fungicides belonging to other chemical classes revealed no cross resistance relationships between benzimidazoles and the dicarboximide iprodione, the phenylpyrrole fludioxonil, the hydroxyanilide fenhexamid, the carboxamide boscalid, the triazole tebuconazole and the strobilurin-type fungicide pyraclostrobin, indicating that a target site modification is probably responsible for the resistant phenotypes observed. Comparison of the β-tubulin gene DNA sequences between resistant and sensitive isolates revealed a point mutation resulting from the E198A substitution of the corresponding protein in all HR isolates tested. An Eco31I restriction site in the β-tubulin gene, which was destroyed in HR M. laxa isolates, allowed the development of a PCR-RFLP diagnostic for the detection of the E198A resistance mutation.
|
Fungicidal activity against Monilinia laxa isolate MLP2 assessed as mycelial growth at 1 ug/ml at 25 degC after 4 days
|
Monilinia laxa
|
0.0
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : PCR-RFLP detection of the E198A mutation conferring resistance to benzimidazoles in field isolates of Monilinia laxa from Greece
Year : 2012
Volume : 39
First Page : 11
Last Page : 17
Authors : Malandrakis AA, Markoglou AN, Ziogas BN.
Abstract : Sensitivity to benzimidazoles in isolates of the brown rot pathogen (Monilinia laxa) collected from stone fruit in central and northern Greece was evaluated and the molecular basis for resistance was investigated. M. laxa isolates were classified as benzimidazole – sensitive (S) or highly resistant (HR) based on their sensitivity profiles to carbendazim. Thirty seven percent of the isolates belonged to the HR phenotype, carried no apparent fitness penalties and exhibited resistance factor values (based on EC50 values) greater than 500. Highly resistant isolates were also less sensitive to the benzimidazoles benomyl and thiophanate-methyl but more sensitive to the N-phenylcarbamate diethofencarb and the benzamide zoxamide compared to isolates belonging to the S phenotype. Fungitoxicity tests with fungicides belonging to other chemical classes revealed no cross resistance relationships between benzimidazoles and the dicarboximide iprodione, the phenylpyrrole fludioxonil, the hydroxyanilide fenhexamid, the carboxamide boscalid, the triazole tebuconazole and the strobilurin-type fungicide pyraclostrobin, indicating that a target site modification is probably responsible for the resistant phenotypes observed. Comparison of the β-tubulin gene DNA sequences between resistant and sensitive isolates revealed a point mutation resulting from the E198A substitution of the corresponding protein in all HR isolates tested. An Eco31I restriction site in the β-tubulin gene, which was destroyed in HR M. laxa isolates, allowed the development of a PCR-RFLP diagnostic for the detection of the E198A resistance mutation.
|
Fungicidal activity against Monilinia laxa isolate MLBO5 assessed as mycelial growth at 1 ug/ml at 25 degC after 4 days
|
Monilinia laxa
|
0.0
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : PCR-RFLP detection of the E198A mutation conferring resistance to benzimidazoles in field isolates of Monilinia laxa from Greece
Year : 2012
Volume : 39
First Page : 11
Last Page : 17
Authors : Malandrakis AA, Markoglou AN, Ziogas BN.
Abstract : Sensitivity to benzimidazoles in isolates of the brown rot pathogen (Monilinia laxa) collected from stone fruit in central and northern Greece was evaluated and the molecular basis for resistance was investigated. M. laxa isolates were classified as benzimidazole – sensitive (S) or highly resistant (HR) based on their sensitivity profiles to carbendazim. Thirty seven percent of the isolates belonged to the HR phenotype, carried no apparent fitness penalties and exhibited resistance factor values (based on EC50 values) greater than 500. Highly resistant isolates were also less sensitive to the benzimidazoles benomyl and thiophanate-methyl but more sensitive to the N-phenylcarbamate diethofencarb and the benzamide zoxamide compared to isolates belonging to the S phenotype. Fungitoxicity tests with fungicides belonging to other chemical classes revealed no cross resistance relationships between benzimidazoles and the dicarboximide iprodione, the phenylpyrrole fludioxonil, the hydroxyanilide fenhexamid, the carboxamide boscalid, the triazole tebuconazole and the strobilurin-type fungicide pyraclostrobin, indicating that a target site modification is probably responsible for the resistant phenotypes observed. Comparison of the β-tubulin gene DNA sequences between resistant and sensitive isolates revealed a point mutation resulting from the E198A substitution of the corresponding protein in all HR isolates tested. An Eco31I restriction site in the β-tubulin gene, which was destroyed in HR M. laxa isolates, allowed the development of a PCR-RFLP diagnostic for the detection of the E198A resistance mutation.
|
Fungicidal activity against Monilinia laxa isolate MLBO2 assessed as mycelial growth at 1 ug/ml at 25 degC after 4 days
|
Monilinia laxa
|
0.0
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : PCR-RFLP detection of the E198A mutation conferring resistance to benzimidazoles in field isolates of Monilinia laxa from Greece
Year : 2012
Volume : 39
First Page : 11
Last Page : 17
Authors : Malandrakis AA, Markoglou AN, Ziogas BN.
Abstract : Sensitivity to benzimidazoles in isolates of the brown rot pathogen (Monilinia laxa) collected from stone fruit in central and northern Greece was evaluated and the molecular basis for resistance was investigated. M. laxa isolates were classified as benzimidazole – sensitive (S) or highly resistant (HR) based on their sensitivity profiles to carbendazim. Thirty seven percent of the isolates belonged to the HR phenotype, carried no apparent fitness penalties and exhibited resistance factor values (based on EC50 values) greater than 500. Highly resistant isolates were also less sensitive to the benzimidazoles benomyl and thiophanate-methyl but more sensitive to the N-phenylcarbamate diethofencarb and the benzamide zoxamide compared to isolates belonging to the S phenotype. Fungitoxicity tests with fungicides belonging to other chemical classes revealed no cross resistance relationships between benzimidazoles and the dicarboximide iprodione, the phenylpyrrole fludioxonil, the hydroxyanilide fenhexamid, the carboxamide boscalid, the triazole tebuconazole and the strobilurin-type fungicide pyraclostrobin, indicating that a target site modification is probably responsible for the resistant phenotypes observed. Comparison of the β-tubulin gene DNA sequences between resistant and sensitive isolates revealed a point mutation resulting from the E198A substitution of the corresponding protein in all HR isolates tested. An Eco31I restriction site in the β-tubulin gene, which was destroyed in HR M. laxa isolates, allowed the development of a PCR-RFLP diagnostic for the detection of the E198A resistance mutation.
|
Fungicidal activity against Monilinia laxa isolate MLA1 assessed as mycelial growth at 1 ug/ml at 25 degC after 4 days
|
Monilinia laxa
|
0.0
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : PCR-RFLP detection of the E198A mutation conferring resistance to benzimidazoles in field isolates of Monilinia laxa from Greece
Year : 2012
Volume : 39
First Page : 11
Last Page : 17
Authors : Malandrakis AA, Markoglou AN, Ziogas BN.
Abstract : Sensitivity to benzimidazoles in isolates of the brown rot pathogen (Monilinia laxa) collected from stone fruit in central and northern Greece was evaluated and the molecular basis for resistance was investigated. M. laxa isolates were classified as benzimidazole – sensitive (S) or highly resistant (HR) based on their sensitivity profiles to carbendazim. Thirty seven percent of the isolates belonged to the HR phenotype, carried no apparent fitness penalties and exhibited resistance factor values (based on EC50 values) greater than 500. Highly resistant isolates were also less sensitive to the benzimidazoles benomyl and thiophanate-methyl but more sensitive to the N-phenylcarbamate diethofencarb and the benzamide zoxamide compared to isolates belonging to the S phenotype. Fungitoxicity tests with fungicides belonging to other chemical classes revealed no cross resistance relationships between benzimidazoles and the dicarboximide iprodione, the phenylpyrrole fludioxonil, the hydroxyanilide fenhexamid, the carboxamide boscalid, the triazole tebuconazole and the strobilurin-type fungicide pyraclostrobin, indicating that a target site modification is probably responsible for the resistant phenotypes observed. Comparison of the β-tubulin gene DNA sequences between resistant and sensitive isolates revealed a point mutation resulting from the E198A substitution of the corresponding protein in all HR isolates tested. An Eco31I restriction site in the β-tubulin gene, which was destroyed in HR M. laxa isolates, allowed the development of a PCR-RFLP diagnostic for the detection of the E198A resistance mutation.
|
Fungicidal activity against Monilinia laxa isolate MLG1 assessed as mycelial growth at 1 ug/ml at 25 degC after 4 days
|
Monilinia laxa
|
0.0
%
|
|
Journal : Crop Protection
Title : PCR-RFLP detection of the E198A mutation conferring resistance to benzimidazoles in field isolates of Monilinia laxa from Greece
Year : 2012
Volume : 39
First Page : 11
Last Page : 17
Authors : Malandrakis AA, Markoglou AN, Ziogas BN.
Abstract : Sensitivity to benzimidazoles in isolates of the brown rot pathogen (Monilinia laxa) collected from stone fruit in central and northern Greece was evaluated and the molecular basis for resistance was investigated. M. laxa isolates were classified as benzimidazole – sensitive (S) or highly resistant (HR) based on their sensitivity profiles to carbendazim. Thirty seven percent of the isolates belonged to the HR phenotype, carried no apparent fitness penalties and exhibited resistance factor values (based on EC50 values) greater than 500. Highly resistant isolates were also less sensitive to the benzimidazoles benomyl and thiophanate-methyl but more sensitive to the N-phenylcarbamate diethofencarb and the benzamide zoxamide compared to isolates belonging to the S phenotype. Fungitoxicity tests with fungicides belonging to other chemical classes revealed no cross resistance relationships between benzimidazoles and the dicarboximide iprodione, the phenylpyrrole fludioxonil, the hydroxyanilide fenhexamid, the carboxamide boscalid, the triazole tebuconazole and the strobilurin-type fungicide pyraclostrobin, indicating that a target site modification is probably responsible for the resistant phenotypes observed. Comparison of the β-tubulin gene DNA sequences between resistant and sensitive isolates revealed a point mutation resulting from the E198A substitution of the corresponding protein in all HR isolates tested. An Eco31I restriction site in the β-tubulin gene, which was destroyed in HR M. laxa isolates, allowed the development of a PCR-RFLP diagnostic for the detection of the E198A resistance mutation.
|
Antifungal activity against Colletotrichum fragariae assessed as growth inhibition at 2 uL in 2 mM acetone by direct bioautography
|
Colletotrichum fragariae
|
18.33
mm
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Salvia macrochlamys and Salvia recognita essential oils.
Year : 2006
Volume : 54
Issue : 18
First Page : 6593
Last Page : 6597
Authors : Tabanca N, Demirci B, Baser KH, Aytac Z, Ekici M, Khan SI, Jacob MR, Wedge DE.
Abstract : Essential oils of Salvia macrochlamys and Salvia recognita were obtained by hydrodistillation of dried aerial parts and characterized by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. One hundred and twenty identified constituents representing 97.7% in S. macrochlamys and 96.4% in S. recognita were characterized, and 1,8-cineole, borneol, and camphor were identified as major components of the essential oils. The oils were evaluated for their antimalarial, antimicrobial, and antifungal activities. Antifungal activity of the essential oils from both Salvia species was nonselective at inhibiting growth and development of reproductive stroma of the plant pathogens Colletotrichum acutatum, Colletotrichum fragariae, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. S. macrochlamys oil had good antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium intracellulare; however, the oils showed no antimicrobial activity against human pathogenic bacteria or fungi up to a concentration of 200 microg/mL. S. recognita oil exhibited a weak antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum.
|
Antifungal activity against Penicillium italicum CECT 2294 at 0.2 ug/disk after 72 hr by paper disk-agar diffusion assay
|
Penicillium italicum
|
16.67
mm
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Isolation and structural elucidation of eight new related analogues of the mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin from Penicillium coalescens.
Year : 2007
Volume : 55
Issue : 17
First Page : 6977
Last Page : 6983
Authors : Cabedo N, López-Gresa MP, Primo J, Ciavatta ML, González-Mas MC.
Abstract : Bioassay-guided fractionation of the organic extract derived from the terrestrial fungus Penicillium coalescens led to the isolation of the known mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin (1) and eight new structurally related analogues (2-9). The structures of the novel compounds were determined by MS and NMR studies, including 1D and 2D NMR. A likely biogenetic pathway from the aldehydic open form of 1 (C7 unit, U1) is proposed for these metabolites. Among all the isolated metabolites, only (-)-1 showed antifungal, antibacterial, and insecticidal activity. This latter activity appears to be a new property attributed to (-)-1.
|
Antifungal activity against Aspergillus parasiticus CECT 2681 at 1 ug/disk after 72 hr by paper disk agar diffusion assay
|
Aspergillus parasiticus
|
8.33
mm
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Isolation and structural elucidation of eight new related analogues of the mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin from Penicillium coalescens.
Year : 2007
Volume : 55
Issue : 17
First Page : 6977
Last Page : 6983
Authors : Cabedo N, López-Gresa MP, Primo J, Ciavatta ML, González-Mas MC.
Abstract : Bioassay-guided fractionation of the organic extract derived from the terrestrial fungus Penicillium coalescens led to the isolation of the known mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin (1) and eight new structurally related analogues (2-9). The structures of the novel compounds were determined by MS and NMR studies, including 1D and 2D NMR. A likely biogenetic pathway from the aldehydic open form of 1 (C7 unit, U1) is proposed for these metabolites. Among all the isolated metabolites, only (-)-1 showed antifungal, antibacterial, and insecticidal activity. This latter activity appears to be a new property attributed to (-)-1.
|
Antifungal activity against Hypocrea rufa CECT 2423 at 1 ug/disk after 72 hr by paper disk agar diffusion assay
|
Hypocrea rufa
|
12.33
mm
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Isolation and structural elucidation of eight new related analogues of the mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin from Penicillium coalescens.
Year : 2007
Volume : 55
Issue : 17
First Page : 6977
Last Page : 6983
Authors : Cabedo N, López-Gresa MP, Primo J, Ciavatta ML, González-Mas MC.
Abstract : Bioassay-guided fractionation of the organic extract derived from the terrestrial fungus Penicillium coalescens led to the isolation of the known mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin (1) and eight new structurally related analogues (2-9). The structures of the novel compounds were determined by MS and NMR studies, including 1D and 2D NMR. A likely biogenetic pathway from the aldehydic open form of 1 (C7 unit, U1) is proposed for these metabolites. Among all the isolated metabolites, only (-)-1 showed antifungal, antibacterial, and insecticidal activity. This latter activity appears to be a new property attributed to (-)-1.
|
Antifungal activity against Trichothecium roseum CECT 2410 at 5 ug/disk after 72 hr by paper disk agar diffusion assay
|
Trichothecium roseum
|
29.67
mm
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Isolation and structural elucidation of eight new related analogues of the mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin from Penicillium coalescens.
Year : 2007
Volume : 55
Issue : 17
First Page : 6977
Last Page : 6983
Authors : Cabedo N, López-Gresa MP, Primo J, Ciavatta ML, González-Mas MC.
Abstract : Bioassay-guided fractionation of the organic extract derived from the terrestrial fungus Penicillium coalescens led to the isolation of the known mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin (1) and eight new structurally related analogues (2-9). The structures of the novel compounds were determined by MS and NMR studies, including 1D and 2D NMR. A likely biogenetic pathway from the aldehydic open form of 1 (C7 unit, U1) is proposed for these metabolites. Among all the isolated metabolites, only (-)-1 showed antifungal, antibacterial, and insecticidal activity. This latter activity appears to be a new property attributed to (-)-1.
|
Antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides CECT 2859 at 0.5 ug/disk after 72 hr by paper disk-agar diffusion assay
|
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
|
26.67
mm
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Isolation and structural elucidation of eight new related analogues of the mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin from Penicillium coalescens.
Year : 2007
Volume : 55
Issue : 17
First Page : 6977
Last Page : 6983
Authors : Cabedo N, López-Gresa MP, Primo J, Ciavatta ML, González-Mas MC.
Abstract : Bioassay-guided fractionation of the organic extract derived from the terrestrial fungus Penicillium coalescens led to the isolation of the known mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin (1) and eight new structurally related analogues (2-9). The structures of the novel compounds were determined by MS and NMR studies, including 1D and 2D NMR. A likely biogenetic pathway from the aldehydic open form of 1 (C7 unit, U1) is proposed for these metabolites. Among all the isolated metabolites, only (-)-1 showed antifungal, antibacterial, and insecticidal activity. This latter activity appears to be a new property attributed to (-)-1.
|
Antifungal activity against Phytophthora citrophthora CECT 2353 at 1.5 ug/disk after 72 hr by paper disk agar diffusion assay
|
Phytophthora citrophthora
|
17.13
mm
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Isolation and structural elucidation of eight new related analogues of the mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin from Penicillium coalescens.
Year : 2007
Volume : 55
Issue : 17
First Page : 6977
Last Page : 6983
Authors : Cabedo N, López-Gresa MP, Primo J, Ciavatta ML, González-Mas MC.
Abstract : Bioassay-guided fractionation of the organic extract derived from the terrestrial fungus Penicillium coalescens led to the isolation of the known mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin (1) and eight new structurally related analogues (2-9). The structures of the novel compounds were determined by MS and NMR studies, including 1D and 2D NMR. A likely biogenetic pathway from the aldehydic open form of 1 (C7 unit, U1) is proposed for these metabolites. Among all the isolated metabolites, only (-)-1 showed antifungal, antibacterial, and insecticidal activity. This latter activity appears to be a new property attributed to (-)-1.
|
Antifungal activity against Verticillium dahliae CCM 269 at 0.25 ug/disk after 72 hr by paper disk-agar diffusion assay
|
Verticillium dahliae
|
14.32
mm
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Isolation and structural elucidation of eight new related analogues of the mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin from Penicillium coalescens.
Year : 2007
Volume : 55
Issue : 17
First Page : 6977
Last Page : 6983
Authors : Cabedo N, López-Gresa MP, Primo J, Ciavatta ML, González-Mas MC.
Abstract : Bioassay-guided fractionation of the organic extract derived from the terrestrial fungus Penicillium coalescens led to the isolation of the known mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin (1) and eight new structurally related analogues (2-9). The structures of the novel compounds were determined by MS and NMR studies, including 1D and 2D NMR. A likely biogenetic pathway from the aldehydic open form of 1 (C7 unit, U1) is proposed for these metabolites. Among all the isolated metabolites, only (-)-1 showed antifungal, antibacterial, and insecticidal activity. This latter activity appears to be a new property attributed to (-)-1.
|
Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli CCM 233 at 10 ug/disk after 72 hr by paper disk agar diffusion assay
|
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli
|
9.33
mm
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Isolation and structural elucidation of eight new related analogues of the mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin from Penicillium coalescens.
Year : 2007
Volume : 55
Issue : 17
First Page : 6977
Last Page : 6983
Authors : Cabedo N, López-Gresa MP, Primo J, Ciavatta ML, González-Mas MC.
Abstract : Bioassay-guided fractionation of the organic extract derived from the terrestrial fungus Penicillium coalescens led to the isolation of the known mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin (1) and eight new structurally related analogues (2-9). The structures of the novel compounds were determined by MS and NMR studies, including 1D and 2D NMR. A likely biogenetic pathway from the aldehydic open form of 1 (C7 unit, U1) is proposed for these metabolites. Among all the isolated metabolites, only (-)-1 showed antifungal, antibacterial, and insecticidal activity. This latter activity appears to be a new property attributed to (-)-1.
|
Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum CCM 259 at 5 ug/disk after 72 hr by paper disk-agar diffusion assay
|
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum
|
17.33
mm
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Isolation and structural elucidation of eight new related analogues of the mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin from Penicillium coalescens.
Year : 2007
Volume : 55
Issue : 17
First Page : 6977
Last Page : 6983
Authors : Cabedo N, López-Gresa MP, Primo J, Ciavatta ML, González-Mas MC.
Abstract : Bioassay-guided fractionation of the organic extract derived from the terrestrial fungus Penicillium coalescens led to the isolation of the known mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin (1) and eight new structurally related analogues (2-9). The structures of the novel compounds were determined by MS and NMR studies, including 1D and 2D NMR. A likely biogenetic pathway from the aldehydic open form of 1 (C7 unit, U1) is proposed for these metabolites. Among all the isolated metabolites, only (-)-1 showed antifungal, antibacterial, and insecticidal activity. This latter activity appears to be a new property attributed to (-)-1.
|
Antifungal activity against Fusarium culmorum CECT 2148 at 10 ug/disk after 72 hr by paper disk agar diffusion assay
|
Fusarium culmorum
|
19.0
mm
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Isolation and structural elucidation of eight new related analogues of the mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin from Penicillium coalescens.
Year : 2007
Volume : 55
Issue : 17
First Page : 6977
Last Page : 6983
Authors : Cabedo N, López-Gresa MP, Primo J, Ciavatta ML, González-Mas MC.
Abstract : Bioassay-guided fractionation of the organic extract derived from the terrestrial fungus Penicillium coalescens led to the isolation of the known mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin (1) and eight new structurally related analogues (2-9). The structures of the novel compounds were determined by MS and NMR studies, including 1D and 2D NMR. A likely biogenetic pathway from the aldehydic open form of 1 (C7 unit, U1) is proposed for these metabolites. Among all the isolated metabolites, only (-)-1 showed antifungal, antibacterial, and insecticidal activity. This latter activity appears to be a new property attributed to (-)-1.
|
Antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides assessed as diffuse inhibitory zone at concentration of 2 mM in volume of 2 ul of EtOH measured after 4 days by TLC based direct bioautography assay
|
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
|
None
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Arnica longifolia, Aster hesperius, and Chrysothamnus nauseosus essential oils.
Year : 2007
Volume : 55
Issue : 21
First Page : 8430
Last Page : 8435
Authors : Tabanca N, Demirci B, Crockett SL, Başer KH, Wedge DE.
Abstract : Essential oils from three different Asteraceae obtained by hydrodistillation of aerial parts were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Main compounds obtained from each taxon were found as follows: Arnica longifolia carvacrol 37.3%, alpha-bisabolol 8.2%; Aster hesperius hexadecanoic acid 29.6%, carvacrol 15.2%; and Chrysothamnus nauseosus var. nauseosus beta-phellandrene 22.8% and beta-pinene 19.8%. Essential oils were also evaluated for their antimalarial and antimicrobial activity against human pathogens, and antifungal activities against plant pathogens. No antimalarial and antimicrobial activities against human pathogens were observed. Direct bioautography demonstrated antifungal activity of the essential oils obtained from three Asteraceae taxa and two pure compounds, carvacrol and beta-bisabolol, to the plant pathogens Colletotrichum acutatum, C. fragariae and C. gloeosporioides. Subsequent evaluation of antifungal compounds using a 96-well micro-dilution broth assay indicated that alpha-bisabolol showed weak growth inhibition of the plant pathogen Botrytis cinerea after 72 h.
|
Antifungal activity against Colletotrichum fragariae assessed as size of growth inhibitory zone at concentration of 2 mM in volume of 2 ul of EtOH measured after 4 days by TLC based direct bioautography assay
|
Colletotrichum fragariae
|
21.3
mm
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Arnica longifolia, Aster hesperius, and Chrysothamnus nauseosus essential oils.
Year : 2007
Volume : 55
Issue : 21
First Page : 8430
Last Page : 8435
Authors : Tabanca N, Demirci B, Crockett SL, Başer KH, Wedge DE.
Abstract : Essential oils from three different Asteraceae obtained by hydrodistillation of aerial parts were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Main compounds obtained from each taxon were found as follows: Arnica longifolia carvacrol 37.3%, alpha-bisabolol 8.2%; Aster hesperius hexadecanoic acid 29.6%, carvacrol 15.2%; and Chrysothamnus nauseosus var. nauseosus beta-phellandrene 22.8% and beta-pinene 19.8%. Essential oils were also evaluated for their antimalarial and antimicrobial activity against human pathogens, and antifungal activities against plant pathogens. No antimalarial and antimicrobial activities against human pathogens were observed. Direct bioautography demonstrated antifungal activity of the essential oils obtained from three Asteraceae taxa and two pure compounds, carvacrol and beta-bisabolol, to the plant pathogens Colletotrichum acutatum, C. fragariae and C. gloeosporioides. Subsequent evaluation of antifungal compounds using a 96-well micro-dilution broth assay indicated that alpha-bisabolol showed weak growth inhibition of the plant pathogen Botrytis cinerea after 72 h.
|
Antifungal activity against Colletotrichum acutatum assessed as diffuse inhibitory zone at concentration of 2 mM in volume of 2 ul of EtOH measured after 4 days by TLC based direct bioautography assay
|
Colletotrichum acutatum
|
None
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Arnica longifolia, Aster hesperius, and Chrysothamnus nauseosus essential oils.
Year : 2007
Volume : 55
Issue : 21
First Page : 8430
Last Page : 8435
Authors : Tabanca N, Demirci B, Crockett SL, Başer KH, Wedge DE.
Abstract : Essential oils from three different Asteraceae obtained by hydrodistillation of aerial parts were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Main compounds obtained from each taxon were found as follows: Arnica longifolia carvacrol 37.3%, alpha-bisabolol 8.2%; Aster hesperius hexadecanoic acid 29.6%, carvacrol 15.2%; and Chrysothamnus nauseosus var. nauseosus beta-phellandrene 22.8% and beta-pinene 19.8%. Essential oils were also evaluated for their antimalarial and antimicrobial activity against human pathogens, and antifungal activities against plant pathogens. No antimalarial and antimicrobial activities against human pathogens were observed. Direct bioautography demonstrated antifungal activity of the essential oils obtained from three Asteraceae taxa and two pure compounds, carvacrol and beta-bisabolol, to the plant pathogens Colletotrichum acutatum, C. fragariae and C. gloeosporioides. Subsequent evaluation of antifungal compounds using a 96-well micro-dilution broth assay indicated that alpha-bisabolol showed weak growth inhibition of the plant pathogen Botrytis cinerea after 72 h.
|
Fungicidal activity against Zymoseptoria tritici
|
Zymoseptoria tritici
|
0.6
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2003
Volume : 51
Issue : 4
First Page : 1030
Last Page : 1034
|
Fungicidal activity against Rhizoctonia solani
|
Rhizoctonia solani
|
6.2
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2003
Volume : 51
Issue : 4
First Page : 1030
Last Page : 1034
|
Fungicidal activity against Fusarium graminearum
|
Fusarium graminearum
|
0.6
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2003
Volume : 51
Issue : 4
First Page : 1030
Last Page : 1034
|
Fungicidal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici
|
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici
|
1.5
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2003
Volume : 51
Issue : 4
First Page : 1030
Last Page : 1034
|
Antifungal activity against Fusarium avenaceum VIAM MA1512 assessed as inhibition of spore germination by microdilution technique linked with digital image analysis
|
Fusarium avenaceum
|
100.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Antifungal activity against Fusarium avenaceum VIAM MA1512 assessed as inhibition of spore germination by microdilution technique linked with digital image analysis
|
Fusarium avenaceum
|
200.0
ug ml-1
|
|
Antifungal activity against Fusarium avenaceum VIAM MA1512 assessed as inhibition of spore germination by microdilution technique linked with digital image analysis
|
Fusarium avenaceum
|
0.02
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 4
First Page : 1400
Last Page : 1404
|
Antifungal activity against Alternaria citri CBS 192.81; VIAM MA1628 assessed as inhibition of spore germination by microdilution technique linked with digital image analysis
|
Alternaria citri
|
200.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Antifungal activity against Alternaria citri CBS 192.81; VIAM MA1628 assessed as inhibition of spore germination by microdilution technique linked with digital image analysis
|
Alternaria citri
|
200.0
ug ml-1
|
|
Antifungal activity against Alternaria citri CBS 192.81; VIAM MA1628 assessed as inhibition of spore germination by microdilution technique linked with digital image analysis
|
Alternaria citri
|
200.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 4
First Page : 1400
Last Page : 1404
|
Antifungal activity against Magnaporthe grisea VIAM MA1627 assessed as inhibition of spore germination by microdilution technique linked with digital image analysis
|
Magnaporthe grisea
|
200.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Antifungal activity against Magnaporthe grisea VIAM MA1627 assessed as inhibition of spore germination by microdilution technique linked with digital image analysis
|
Magnaporthe grisea
|
84.0
ug ml-1
|
|
Antifungal activity against Magnaporthe grisea VIAM MA1627 assessed as inhibition of spore germination by microdilution technique linked with digital image analysis
|
Magnaporthe grisea
|
0.06
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 4
First Page : 1400
Last Page : 1404
|
Fungicidal activity against Fusarium culmorum CCM 172 assessed as inhibition of radial mycelial growth at 2.5 ug/mL after 4 days
|
Fusarium culmorum
|
87.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 8
First Page : 3682
Last Page : 3688
|
Fungicidal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli CCM 233 assessed as inhibition of radial mycelial growth at 2.5 ug/mL after 4 days
|
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli
|
11.1
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 8
First Page : 3682
Last Page : 3688
|
Fungicidal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum CCM 259 assessed as inhibition of radial mycelial growth at 2.5 ug/mL after 4 days
|
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 8
First Page : 3682
Last Page : 3688
|
Fungicidal activity against Galactomyces geotrichum CCM 245 assessed as inhibition of radial mycelial growth at 2.5 ug/mL after 4 days
|
Galactomyces geotrichum
|
0.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 8
First Page : 3682
Last Page : 3688
|
Fungicidal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides CECT 2859 assessed as inhibition of radial mycelial growth at 2.5 ug/mL after 4 days
|
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 8
First Page : 3682
Last Page : 3688
|
Fungicidal activity against Colletotrichum coccodes CCM 327 assessed as inhibition of radial mycelial growth at 2.5 ug/mL after 4 days
|
Colletotrichum coccodes
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 8
First Page : 3682
Last Page : 3688
|
Fungicidal activity against Trichothecium roseum CECT 2410 assessed as inhibition of radial mycelial growth at 2.5 ug/mL after 4 days
|
Trichothecium roseum
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 8
First Page : 3682
Last Page : 3688
|
Fungicidal activity against Alternaria tenuis CECT 2662 assessed as inhibition of radial mycelial growth at 2.5 ug/mL after 4 days
|
Alternaria tenuis
|
0.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 8
First Page : 3682
Last Page : 3688
|
Fungicidal activity against Verticillium dahliae CCM 269 assessed as inhibition of radial mycelial growth at 2.5 ug/mL after 6 days
|
Verticillium dahliae
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 8
First Page : 3682
Last Page : 3688
|
Fungicidal activity against Phytophthora citrophthora assessed as inhibition of radial mycelial growth at 2.5 ug/mL after 4 days
|
Phytophthora citrophthora
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 8
First Page : 3682
Last Page : 3688
|
Fungicidal activity against Hypocrea rufa CECT 2423 assessed as inhibition of radial mycelial growth at 2.5 ug/mL after 4 days
|
Hypocrea rufa
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 8
First Page : 3682
Last Page : 3688
|
Fungicidal activity against Penicillium italicum CECT 2294 assessed as inhibition of radial mycelial growth at 2.5 ug/mL after 4 days
|
Penicillium italicum
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 8
First Page : 3682
Last Page : 3688
|
Fungicidal activity against Aspergillus parasiticus CECT 2681 assessed as inhibition of radial mycelial growth at 2.5 ug/mL after 4 days
|
Aspergillus parasiticus
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2000
Volume : 48
Issue : 8
First Page : 3682
Last Page : 3688
|
Antifungal activity against Diaporthe ampelina assessed as growth inhibition at 300 uM after 120 hr by microplate photometric analysis
|
Diaporthe ampelina
|
57.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Natural fungicides from Ruta graveolens L. leaves, including a new quinolone alkaloid.
Year : 2003
Volume : 51
Issue : 4
First Page : 890
Last Page : 896
Authors : Oliva A, Meepagala KM, Wedge DE, Harries D, Hale AL, Aliotta G, Duke SO.
Abstract : Bioassay-directed isolation of antifungal compounds from an ethyl acetate extract of Ruta graveolens leaves yielded two furanocoumarins, one quinoline alkaloid, and four quinolone alkaloids, including a novel compound, 1-methyl-2-[6'-(3' ',4' '-methylenedioxyphenyl)hexyl]-4-quinolone. The (1)H and (13)C NMR assignments of the new compound are reported. Antifungal activities of the isolated compounds, together with 7-hydroxycoumarin, 4-hydroxycoumarin, and 7-methoxycoumarin, which are known to occur in Rutaceae species, were evaluated by bioautography and microbioassay. Four of the alkaloids had moderate activity against Colletotrichum species, including a benomyl-resistant C. acutatum. These compounds and the furanocoumarins 5- and 8-methoxypsoralen had moderate activity against Fusarium oxysporum. The novel quinolone alkaloid was highly active against Botrytis cinerea. Phomopsis species were much more sensitive to most of the compounds, with P. viticola being highly sensitive to all of the compounds.
|
Antifungal activity against Phomopsis obscurans assessed as growth inhibition at 30 to 300 uM after 120 hr by microplate photometric analysis
|
Phomopsis obscurans
|
None
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Natural fungicides from Ruta graveolens L. leaves, including a new quinolone alkaloid.
Year : 2003
Volume : 51
Issue : 4
First Page : 890
Last Page : 896
Authors : Oliva A, Meepagala KM, Wedge DE, Harries D, Hale AL, Aliotta G, Duke SO.
Abstract : Bioassay-directed isolation of antifungal compounds from an ethyl acetate extract of Ruta graveolens leaves yielded two furanocoumarins, one quinoline alkaloid, and four quinolone alkaloids, including a novel compound, 1-methyl-2-[6'-(3' ',4' '-methylenedioxyphenyl)hexyl]-4-quinolone. The (1)H and (13)C NMR assignments of the new compound are reported. Antifungal activities of the isolated compounds, together with 7-hydroxycoumarin, 4-hydroxycoumarin, and 7-methoxycoumarin, which are known to occur in Rutaceae species, were evaluated by bioautography and microbioassay. Four of the alkaloids had moderate activity against Colletotrichum species, including a benomyl-resistant C. acutatum. These compounds and the furanocoumarins 5- and 8-methoxypsoralen had moderate activity against Fusarium oxysporum. The novel quinolone alkaloid was highly active against Botrytis cinerea. Phomopsis species were much more sensitive to most of the compounds, with P. viticola being highly sensitive to all of the compounds.
|
Antifungal activity against Botryotinia fuckeliana assessed as growth inhibition at 30 to 300 uM after 48 hr by microplate photometric analysis
|
Botryotinia fuckeliana
|
None
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Natural fungicides from Ruta graveolens L. leaves, including a new quinolone alkaloid.
Year : 2003
Volume : 51
Issue : 4
First Page : 890
Last Page : 896
Authors : Oliva A, Meepagala KM, Wedge DE, Harries D, Hale AL, Aliotta G, Duke SO.
Abstract : Bioassay-directed isolation of antifungal compounds from an ethyl acetate extract of Ruta graveolens leaves yielded two furanocoumarins, one quinoline alkaloid, and four quinolone alkaloids, including a novel compound, 1-methyl-2-[6'-(3' ',4' '-methylenedioxyphenyl)hexyl]-4-quinolone. The (1)H and (13)C NMR assignments of the new compound are reported. Antifungal activities of the isolated compounds, together with 7-hydroxycoumarin, 4-hydroxycoumarin, and 7-methoxycoumarin, which are known to occur in Rutaceae species, were evaluated by bioautography and microbioassay. Four of the alkaloids had moderate activity against Colletotrichum species, including a benomyl-resistant C. acutatum. These compounds and the furanocoumarins 5- and 8-methoxypsoralen had moderate activity against Fusarium oxysporum. The novel quinolone alkaloid was highly active against Botrytis cinerea. Phomopsis species were much more sensitive to most of the compounds, with P. viticola being highly sensitive to all of the compounds.
|
Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum assessed as growth inhibition at 300 uM after 48 hr by microplate photometric analysis
|
Fusarium oxysporum
|
77.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Natural fungicides from Ruta graveolens L. leaves, including a new quinolone alkaloid.
Year : 2003
Volume : 51
Issue : 4
First Page : 890
Last Page : 896
Authors : Oliva A, Meepagala KM, Wedge DE, Harries D, Hale AL, Aliotta G, Duke SO.
Abstract : Bioassay-directed isolation of antifungal compounds from an ethyl acetate extract of Ruta graveolens leaves yielded two furanocoumarins, one quinoline alkaloid, and four quinolone alkaloids, including a novel compound, 1-methyl-2-[6'-(3' ',4' '-methylenedioxyphenyl)hexyl]-4-quinolone. The (1)H and (13)C NMR assignments of the new compound are reported. Antifungal activities of the isolated compounds, together with 7-hydroxycoumarin, 4-hydroxycoumarin, and 7-methoxycoumarin, which are known to occur in Rutaceae species, were evaluated by bioautography and microbioassay. Four of the alkaloids had moderate activity against Colletotrichum species, including a benomyl-resistant C. acutatum. These compounds and the furanocoumarins 5- and 8-methoxypsoralen had moderate activity against Fusarium oxysporum. The novel quinolone alkaloid was highly active against Botrytis cinerea. Phomopsis species were much more sensitive to most of the compounds, with P. viticola being highly sensitive to all of the compounds.
|
Antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides assessed as growth inhibition at 300 uM after 48 hr by microplate photometric analysis
|
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
|
66.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Natural fungicides from Ruta graveolens L. leaves, including a new quinolone alkaloid.
Year : 2003
Volume : 51
Issue : 4
First Page : 890
Last Page : 896
Authors : Oliva A, Meepagala KM, Wedge DE, Harries D, Hale AL, Aliotta G, Duke SO.
Abstract : Bioassay-directed isolation of antifungal compounds from an ethyl acetate extract of Ruta graveolens leaves yielded two furanocoumarins, one quinoline alkaloid, and four quinolone alkaloids, including a novel compound, 1-methyl-2-[6'-(3' ',4' '-methylenedioxyphenyl)hexyl]-4-quinolone. The (1)H and (13)C NMR assignments of the new compound are reported. Antifungal activities of the isolated compounds, together with 7-hydroxycoumarin, 4-hydroxycoumarin, and 7-methoxycoumarin, which are known to occur in Rutaceae species, were evaluated by bioautography and microbioassay. Four of the alkaloids had moderate activity against Colletotrichum species, including a benomyl-resistant C. acutatum. These compounds and the furanocoumarins 5- and 8-methoxypsoralen had moderate activity against Fusarium oxysporum. The novel quinolone alkaloid was highly active against Botrytis cinerea. Phomopsis species were much more sensitive to most of the compounds, with P. viticola being highly sensitive to all of the compounds.
|
Antifungal activity against Colletotrichum fragariae assessed as growth inhibition at 30 to 300 uM after 48 hr by microplate photometric analysis
|
Colletotrichum fragariae
|
76.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Natural fungicides from Ruta graveolens L. leaves, including a new quinolone alkaloid.
Year : 2003
Volume : 51
Issue : 4
First Page : 890
Last Page : 896
Authors : Oliva A, Meepagala KM, Wedge DE, Harries D, Hale AL, Aliotta G, Duke SO.
Abstract : Bioassay-directed isolation of antifungal compounds from an ethyl acetate extract of Ruta graveolens leaves yielded two furanocoumarins, one quinoline alkaloid, and four quinolone alkaloids, including a novel compound, 1-methyl-2-[6'-(3' ',4' '-methylenedioxyphenyl)hexyl]-4-quinolone. The (1)H and (13)C NMR assignments of the new compound are reported. Antifungal activities of the isolated compounds, together with 7-hydroxycoumarin, 4-hydroxycoumarin, and 7-methoxycoumarin, which are known to occur in Rutaceae species, were evaluated by bioautography and microbioassay. Four of the alkaloids had moderate activity against Colletotrichum species, including a benomyl-resistant C. acutatum. These compounds and the furanocoumarins 5- and 8-methoxypsoralen had moderate activity against Fusarium oxysporum. The novel quinolone alkaloid was highly active against Botrytis cinerea. Phomopsis species were much more sensitive to most of the compounds, with P. viticola being highly sensitive to all of the compounds.
|
Antifungal activity against Colletotrichum acutatum assessed as growth inhibition at 300 uM after 48 hr by microplate photometric analysis
|
Colletotrichum acutatum
|
33.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Title : Natural fungicides from Ruta graveolens L. leaves, including a new quinolone alkaloid.
Year : 2003
Volume : 51
Issue : 4
First Page : 890
Last Page : 896
Authors : Oliva A, Meepagala KM, Wedge DE, Harries D, Hale AL, Aliotta G, Duke SO.
Abstract : Bioassay-directed isolation of antifungal compounds from an ethyl acetate extract of Ruta graveolens leaves yielded two furanocoumarins, one quinoline alkaloid, and four quinolone alkaloids, including a novel compound, 1-methyl-2-[6'-(3' ',4' '-methylenedioxyphenyl)hexyl]-4-quinolone. The (1)H and (13)C NMR assignments of the new compound are reported. Antifungal activities of the isolated compounds, together with 7-hydroxycoumarin, 4-hydroxycoumarin, and 7-methoxycoumarin, which are known to occur in Rutaceae species, were evaluated by bioautography and microbioassay. Four of the alkaloids had moderate activity against Colletotrichum species, including a benomyl-resistant C. acutatum. These compounds and the furanocoumarins 5- and 8-methoxypsoralen had moderate activity against Fusarium oxysporum. The novel quinolone alkaloid was highly active against Botrytis cinerea. Phomopsis species were much more sensitive to most of the compounds, with P. viticola being highly sensitive to all of the compounds.
|
Fungicidal activity against Fusarium graminearum E198Q harboring mutation at codon 198 of beta2 tubulin assessed as mycelial growth inhibition after 3 days
|
Fusarium graminearum
|
3.93
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Localisation of the benzimidazole fungicide binding site of Gibberella zeae β2-tubulin studied by site-directed mutagenesis.
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 2
First Page : 191
Last Page : 198
Authors : Qiu J, Xu J, Yu J, Bi C, Chen C, Zhou M.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The efficacy of benzimidazole fungicides is often limited by resistance, and this is the case with the use of carbendazim for controlling Fusarium head blight caused by Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch (anamorph Fusarium graminearum). Recent studies have shown that carbendazim resistance in field strains of G. zeae is associated with mutations in the β(2)-tubulin gene. The aims of the present study were to validate this mechanism and research the binding sites of carbendazim on β(2)-tubulin. RESULTS: This work used site-directed mutagenesis followed by gene replacement to change the β(2)-tubulin gene of a carbendazim-sensitive field strain of G. zeae at residues 50, 167, 198 or 200. The transformants were confirmed and tested for their sensitivity to carbendazim. All the mutants were resistant to carbendazim, but the level of resistance differed depending on the mutation. Biological characteristics did not differ between the field strain and the site-directed mutants. A three-dimensional model of β(2)-tubulin was constructed, and the possible carbendazim binding site was analysed. CONCLUSION: Mutations at codons 50, 167, 198 and 200 of G. zeae β(2)tub could cause resistance to carbendazim, and these codons may form a binding pocket.
|
Fungicidal activity against Fusarium graminearum ZJ80 harboring mutation at codon 198 of beta2 tubulin assessed as mycelial growth inhibition after 3 days
|
Fusarium graminearum
|
3.19
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Localisation of the benzimidazole fungicide binding site of Gibberella zeae β2-tubulin studied by site-directed mutagenesis.
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 2
First Page : 191
Last Page : 198
Authors : Qiu J, Xu J, Yu J, Bi C, Chen C, Zhou M.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The efficacy of benzimidazole fungicides is often limited by resistance, and this is the case with the use of carbendazim for controlling Fusarium head blight caused by Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch (anamorph Fusarium graminearum). Recent studies have shown that carbendazim resistance in field strains of G. zeae is associated with mutations in the β(2)-tubulin gene. The aims of the present study were to validate this mechanism and research the binding sites of carbendazim on β(2)-tubulin. RESULTS: This work used site-directed mutagenesis followed by gene replacement to change the β(2)-tubulin gene of a carbendazim-sensitive field strain of G. zeae at residues 50, 167, 198 or 200. The transformants were confirmed and tested for their sensitivity to carbendazim. All the mutants were resistant to carbendazim, but the level of resistance differed depending on the mutation. Biological characteristics did not differ between the field strain and the site-directed mutants. A three-dimensional model of β(2)-tubulin was constructed, and the possible carbendazim binding site was analysed. CONCLUSION: Mutations at codons 50, 167, 198 and 200 of G. zeae β(2)tub could cause resistance to carbendazim, and these codons may form a binding pocket.
|
Fungicidal activity against Fusarium graminearum E198K harboring mutation at codon 198 of beta2 tubulin assessed as mycelial growth inhibition after 3 days
|
Fusarium graminearum
|
4.46
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Localisation of the benzimidazole fungicide binding site of Gibberella zeae β2-tubulin studied by site-directed mutagenesis.
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 2
First Page : 191
Last Page : 198
Authors : Qiu J, Xu J, Yu J, Bi C, Chen C, Zhou M.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The efficacy of benzimidazole fungicides is often limited by resistance, and this is the case with the use of carbendazim for controlling Fusarium head blight caused by Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch (anamorph Fusarium graminearum). Recent studies have shown that carbendazim resistance in field strains of G. zeae is associated with mutations in the β(2)-tubulin gene. The aims of the present study were to validate this mechanism and research the binding sites of carbendazim on β(2)-tubulin. RESULTS: This work used site-directed mutagenesis followed by gene replacement to change the β(2)-tubulin gene of a carbendazim-sensitive field strain of G. zeae at residues 50, 167, 198 or 200. The transformants were confirmed and tested for their sensitivity to carbendazim. All the mutants were resistant to carbendazim, but the level of resistance differed depending on the mutation. Biological characteristics did not differ between the field strain and the site-directed mutants. A three-dimensional model of β(2)-tubulin was constructed, and the possible carbendazim binding site was analysed. CONCLUSION: Mutations at codons 50, 167, 198 and 200 of G. zeae β(2)tub could cause resistance to carbendazim, and these codons may form a binding pocket.
|
Fungicidal activity against Fusarium graminearum F200Y harboring mutation at codon 200 of beta2 tubulin assessed as mycelial growth inhibition after 3 days
|
Fusarium graminearum
|
6.05
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Localisation of the benzimidazole fungicide binding site of Gibberella zeae β2-tubulin studied by site-directed mutagenesis.
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 2
First Page : 191
Last Page : 198
Authors : Qiu J, Xu J, Yu J, Bi C, Chen C, Zhou M.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The efficacy of benzimidazole fungicides is often limited by resistance, and this is the case with the use of carbendazim for controlling Fusarium head blight caused by Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch (anamorph Fusarium graminearum). Recent studies have shown that carbendazim resistance in field strains of G. zeae is associated with mutations in the β(2)-tubulin gene. The aims of the present study were to validate this mechanism and research the binding sites of carbendazim on β(2)-tubulin. RESULTS: This work used site-directed mutagenesis followed by gene replacement to change the β(2)-tubulin gene of a carbendazim-sensitive field strain of G. zeae at residues 50, 167, 198 or 200. The transformants were confirmed and tested for their sensitivity to carbendazim. All the mutants were resistant to carbendazim, but the level of resistance differed depending on the mutation. Biological characteristics did not differ between the field strain and the site-directed mutants. A three-dimensional model of β(2)-tubulin was constructed, and the possible carbendazim binding site was analysed. CONCLUSION: Mutations at codons 50, 167, 198 and 200 of G. zeae β(2)tub could cause resistance to carbendazim, and these codons may form a binding pocket.
|
Fungicidal activity against Fusarium graminearum J2 harboring mutation at codon 198 of beta2 tubulin assessed as mycelial growth inhibition after 3 days
|
Fusarium graminearum
|
5.81
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Localisation of the benzimidazole fungicide binding site of Gibberella zeae β2-tubulin studied by site-directed mutagenesis.
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 2
First Page : 191
Last Page : 198
Authors : Qiu J, Xu J, Yu J, Bi C, Chen C, Zhou M.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The efficacy of benzimidazole fungicides is often limited by resistance, and this is the case with the use of carbendazim for controlling Fusarium head blight caused by Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch (anamorph Fusarium graminearum). Recent studies have shown that carbendazim resistance in field strains of G. zeae is associated with mutations in the β(2)-tubulin gene. The aims of the present study were to validate this mechanism and research the binding sites of carbendazim on β(2)-tubulin. RESULTS: This work used site-directed mutagenesis followed by gene replacement to change the β(2)-tubulin gene of a carbendazim-sensitive field strain of G. zeae at residues 50, 167, 198 or 200. The transformants were confirmed and tested for their sensitivity to carbendazim. All the mutants were resistant to carbendazim, but the level of resistance differed depending on the mutation. Biological characteristics did not differ between the field strain and the site-directed mutants. A three-dimensional model of β(2)-tubulin was constructed, and the possible carbendazim binding site was analysed. CONCLUSION: Mutations at codons 50, 167, 198 and 200 of G. zeae β(2)tub could cause resistance to carbendazim, and these codons may form a binding pocket.
|
Fungicidal activity against Fusarium graminearum NT7 harboring mutation at codon 200 of beta2 tubulin assessed as mycelial growth inhibition after 3 days
|
Fusarium graminearum
|
8.83
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Localisation of the benzimidazole fungicide binding site of Gibberella zeae β2-tubulin studied by site-directed mutagenesis.
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 2
First Page : 191
Last Page : 198
Authors : Qiu J, Xu J, Yu J, Bi C, Chen C, Zhou M.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The efficacy of benzimidazole fungicides is often limited by resistance, and this is the case with the use of carbendazim for controlling Fusarium head blight caused by Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch (anamorph Fusarium graminearum). Recent studies have shown that carbendazim resistance in field strains of G. zeae is associated with mutations in the β(2)-tubulin gene. The aims of the present study were to validate this mechanism and research the binding sites of carbendazim on β(2)-tubulin. RESULTS: This work used site-directed mutagenesis followed by gene replacement to change the β(2)-tubulin gene of a carbendazim-sensitive field strain of G. zeae at residues 50, 167, 198 or 200. The transformants were confirmed and tested for their sensitivity to carbendazim. All the mutants were resistant to carbendazim, but the level of resistance differed depending on the mutation. Biological characteristics did not differ between the field strain and the site-directed mutants. A three-dimensional model of β(2)-tubulin was constructed, and the possible carbendazim binding site was analysed. CONCLUSION: Mutations at codons 50, 167, 198 and 200 of G. zeae β(2)tub could cause resistance to carbendazim, and these codons may form a binding pocket.
|
Fungicidal activity against Fusarium graminearum F167Y harboring mutation at codon 167 of beta2 tubulin assessed as mycelial growth inhibition after 3 days
|
Fusarium graminearum
|
14.99
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Localisation of the benzimidazole fungicide binding site of Gibberella zeae β2-tubulin studied by site-directed mutagenesis.
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 2
First Page : 191
Last Page : 198
Authors : Qiu J, Xu J, Yu J, Bi C, Chen C, Zhou M.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The efficacy of benzimidazole fungicides is often limited by resistance, and this is the case with the use of carbendazim for controlling Fusarium head blight caused by Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch (anamorph Fusarium graminearum). Recent studies have shown that carbendazim resistance in field strains of G. zeae is associated with mutations in the β(2)-tubulin gene. The aims of the present study were to validate this mechanism and research the binding sites of carbendazim on β(2)-tubulin. RESULTS: This work used site-directed mutagenesis followed by gene replacement to change the β(2)-tubulin gene of a carbendazim-sensitive field strain of G. zeae at residues 50, 167, 198 or 200. The transformants were confirmed and tested for their sensitivity to carbendazim. All the mutants were resistant to carbendazim, but the level of resistance differed depending on the mutation. Biological characteristics did not differ between the field strain and the site-directed mutants. A three-dimensional model of β(2)-tubulin was constructed, and the possible carbendazim binding site was analysed. CONCLUSION: Mutations at codons 50, 167, 198 and 200 of G. zeae β(2)tub could cause resistance to carbendazim, and these codons may form a binding pocket.
|
Fungicidal activity against Fusarium graminearum 2052 harboring mutation at codon 167 of beta2 tubulin assessed as mycelial growth inhibition after 3 days
|
Fusarium graminearum
|
17.68
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Localisation of the benzimidazole fungicide binding site of Gibberella zeae β2-tubulin studied by site-directed mutagenesis.
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 2
First Page : 191
Last Page : 198
Authors : Qiu J, Xu J, Yu J, Bi C, Chen C, Zhou M.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The efficacy of benzimidazole fungicides is often limited by resistance, and this is the case with the use of carbendazim for controlling Fusarium head blight caused by Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch (anamorph Fusarium graminearum). Recent studies have shown that carbendazim resistance in field strains of G. zeae is associated with mutations in the β(2)-tubulin gene. The aims of the present study were to validate this mechanism and research the binding sites of carbendazim on β(2)-tubulin. RESULTS: This work used site-directed mutagenesis followed by gene replacement to change the β(2)-tubulin gene of a carbendazim-sensitive field strain of G. zeae at residues 50, 167, 198 or 200. The transformants were confirmed and tested for their sensitivity to carbendazim. All the mutants were resistant to carbendazim, but the level of resistance differed depending on the mutation. Biological characteristics did not differ between the field strain and the site-directed mutants. A three-dimensional model of β(2)-tubulin was constructed, and the possible carbendazim binding site was analysed. CONCLUSION: Mutations at codons 50, 167, 198 and 200 of G. zeae β(2)tub could cause resistance to carbendazim, and these codons may form a binding pocket.
|
Fungicidal activity against Fusarium graminearum Y50C harboring mutation at codon 50 of beta2 tubulin assessed as mycelial growth inhibition after 3 days
|
Fusarium graminearum
|
3.02
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Localisation of the benzimidazole fungicide binding site of Gibberella zeae β2-tubulin studied by site-directed mutagenesis.
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 2
First Page : 191
Last Page : 198
Authors : Qiu J, Xu J, Yu J, Bi C, Chen C, Zhou M.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The efficacy of benzimidazole fungicides is often limited by resistance, and this is the case with the use of carbendazim for controlling Fusarium head blight caused by Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch (anamorph Fusarium graminearum). Recent studies have shown that carbendazim resistance in field strains of G. zeae is associated with mutations in the β(2)-tubulin gene. The aims of the present study were to validate this mechanism and research the binding sites of carbendazim on β(2)-tubulin. RESULTS: This work used site-directed mutagenesis followed by gene replacement to change the β(2)-tubulin gene of a carbendazim-sensitive field strain of G. zeae at residues 50, 167, 198 or 200. The transformants were confirmed and tested for their sensitivity to carbendazim. All the mutants were resistant to carbendazim, but the level of resistance differed depending on the mutation. Biological characteristics did not differ between the field strain and the site-directed mutants. A three-dimensional model of β(2)-tubulin was constructed, and the possible carbendazim binding site was analysed. CONCLUSION: Mutations at codons 50, 167, 198 and 200 of G. zeae β(2)tub could cause resistance to carbendazim, and these codons may form a binding pocket.
|
Fungicidal activity against Fusarium graminearum 2021 assessed as mycelial growth inhibition after 3 days
|
Fusarium graminearum
|
0.61
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Localisation of the benzimidazole fungicide binding site of Gibberella zeae β2-tubulin studied by site-directed mutagenesis.
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 2
First Page : 191
Last Page : 198
Authors : Qiu J, Xu J, Yu J, Bi C, Chen C, Zhou M.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The efficacy of benzimidazole fungicides is often limited by resistance, and this is the case with the use of carbendazim for controlling Fusarium head blight caused by Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch (anamorph Fusarium graminearum). Recent studies have shown that carbendazim resistance in field strains of G. zeae is associated with mutations in the β(2)-tubulin gene. The aims of the present study were to validate this mechanism and research the binding sites of carbendazim on β(2)-tubulin. RESULTS: This work used site-directed mutagenesis followed by gene replacement to change the β(2)-tubulin gene of a carbendazim-sensitive field strain of G. zeae at residues 50, 167, 198 or 200. The transformants were confirmed and tested for their sensitivity to carbendazim. All the mutants were resistant to carbendazim, but the level of resistance differed depending on the mutation. Biological characteristics did not differ between the field strain and the site-directed mutants. A three-dimensional model of β(2)-tubulin was constructed, and the possible carbendazim binding site was analysed. CONCLUSION: Mutations at codons 50, 167, 198 and 200 of G. zeae β(2)tub could cause resistance to carbendazim, and these codons may form a binding pocket.
|
Fungicidal activity against Fusarium graminearum DN83 harboring beta2 tubulin deletion mutation assessed as mycelial growth inhibition after 3 days
|
Fusarium graminearum
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Title : Localisation of the benzimidazole fungicide binding site of Gibberella zeae β2-tubulin studied by site-directed mutagenesis.
Year : 2011
Volume : 67
Issue : 2
First Page : 191
Last Page : 198
Authors : Qiu J, Xu J, Yu J, Bi C, Chen C, Zhou M.
Abstract : BACKGROUND: The efficacy of benzimidazole fungicides is often limited by resistance, and this is the case with the use of carbendazim for controlling Fusarium head blight caused by Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch (anamorph Fusarium graminearum). Recent studies have shown that carbendazim resistance in field strains of G. zeae is associated with mutations in the β(2)-tubulin gene. The aims of the present study were to validate this mechanism and research the binding sites of carbendazim on β(2)-tubulin. RESULTS: This work used site-directed mutagenesis followed by gene replacement to change the β(2)-tubulin gene of a carbendazim-sensitive field strain of G. zeae at residues 50, 167, 198 or 200. The transformants were confirmed and tested for their sensitivity to carbendazim. All the mutants were resistant to carbendazim, but the level of resistance differed depending on the mutation. Biological characteristics did not differ between the field strain and the site-directed mutants. A three-dimensional model of β(2)-tubulin was constructed, and the possible carbendazim binding site was analysed. CONCLUSION: Mutations at codons 50, 167, 198 and 200 of G. zeae β(2)tub could cause resistance to carbendazim, and these codons may form a binding pocket.
|
Growth inhibition of Phomopsis obscurans at 100 uM after 48 hr by microtiter assay
|
Phomopsis obscurans
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : Alkaloids Chem Biol
Year : 2007
Volume : 64
First Page : 139
Last Page : 214
|
Growth inhibition of Colletotrichum fragariae at 300 uM after 48 hr by microtiter assay
|
Colletotrichum fragariae
|
76.0
%
|
|
Journal : Alkaloids Chem Biol
Year : 2007
Volume : 64
First Page : 139
Last Page : 214
|
Growth inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum at 300 uM after 48 hr by microtiter assay
|
Fusarium oxysporum
|
77.0
%
|
|
Journal : Alkaloids Chem Biol
Year : 2007
Volume : 64
First Page : 139
Last Page : 214
|
Growth inhibition of Colletotrichum acutatum at 300 uM after 48 hr by microtiter assay
|
Colletotrichum acutatum
|
33.0
%
|
|
Journal : Alkaloids Chem Biol
Year : 2007
Volume : 64
First Page : 139
Last Page : 214
|
Antifungal activity against Penicillium brevicompactum Dierckx ITEM-449 after 72 hr by broth dilution method
|
Penicillium brevicompactum
|
25.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2004
Volume : 52
Issue : 10
First Page : 2997
Last Page : 3001
|
Antifungal activity against Penicillium brevicompactum Dierckx ITEM-449 after 48 hr by broth dilution method
|
Penicillium brevicompactum
|
25.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2004
Volume : 52
Issue : 10
First Page : 2997
Last Page : 3001
|
Antifungal activity against Penicillium brevicompactum Dierckx ITEM-449 after 24 hr by broth dilution method
|
Penicillium brevicompactum
|
25.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2004
Volume : 52
Issue : 10
First Page : 2997
Last Page : 3001
|
Antifungal activity against Aspergillus parasiticus Speare ITEM-11 after 72 hr by broth dilution method
|
Aspergillus parasiticus
|
25.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2004
Volume : 52
Issue : 10
First Page : 2997
Last Page : 3001
|
Antifungal activity against Aspergillus parasiticus Speare ITEM-11 after 48 hr by broth dilution method
|
Aspergillus parasiticus
|
25.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2004
Volume : 52
Issue : 10
First Page : 2997
Last Page : 3001
|
Antifungal activity against Aspergillus parasiticus Speare ITEM-11 after 24 hr by broth dilution method
|
Aspergillus parasiticus
|
25.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2004
Volume : 52
Issue : 10
First Page : 2997
Last Page : 3001
|
Antifungal activity against Botryotinia fuckeliana ITEM-966 after 72 hr by broth dilution method
|
Botryotinia fuckeliana
|
0.19
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2004
Volume : 52
Issue : 10
First Page : 2997
Last Page : 3001
|
Antifungal activity against Botryotinia fuckeliana ITEM-966 after 48 hr by broth dilution method
|
Botryotinia fuckeliana
|
0.19
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2004
Volume : 52
Issue : 10
First Page : 2997
Last Page : 3001
|
Antifungal activity against Botryotinia fuckeliana ITEM-966 after 24 hr by broth dilution method
|
Botryotinia fuckeliana
|
0.19
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J Agric Food Chem
Year : 2004
Volume : 52
Issue : 10
First Page : 2997
Last Page : 3001
|
Antifungal activity against Leptosphaeria maculans assessed as ascospore germination at 1 to 4 ug/ml after 22 hr
|
Leptosphaeria maculans
|
96.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 4
First Page : 396
Last Page : 405
|
Antifungal activity against Leptosphaeria maculans assessed as viable conidia at 2 to 4 ug/ml after 1 week
|
Leptosphaeria maculans
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 4
First Page : 396
Last Page : 405
|
Antifungal activity against Leptosphaeria biglobosa assessed as viable conidia at 2 to 4 ug/ml after 1 week
|
Leptosphaeria biglobosa
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 4
First Page : 396
Last Page : 405
|
Antifungal activity against Leptosphaeria maculans assessed as reduction of conidia production at 1 to 4 ug/ml after 2 weeks
|
Leptosphaeria maculans
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 4
First Page : 396
Last Page : 405
|
Antifungal activity against Leptosphaeria biglobosa assessed as reduction of conidia production at 1 to 4 ug/ml after 2 weeks
|
Leptosphaeria biglobosa
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 4
First Page : 396
Last Page : 405
|
Antifungal activity against Leptosphaeria biglobosa assessed as viable ascospore at 1 to 4 ug/ml after 1 week
|
Leptosphaeria biglobosa
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 4
First Page : 396
Last Page : 405
|
Antifungal activity against Leptosphaeria maculans assessed as viable ascospore at 1 to 4 ug/ml after 1 week
|
Leptosphaeria maculans
|
None
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 4
First Page : 396
Last Page : 405
|
Antifungal activity against Leptosphaeria biglobosa assessed as reduction of germ tube length at 4 ug/ml after 22 hr relative to control
|
Leptosphaeria biglobosa
|
81.6
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 4
First Page : 396
Last Page : 405
|
Antifungal activity against Leptosphaeria biglobosa assessed as reduction of germ tube length at 2 ug/ml after 22 hr relative to control
|
Leptosphaeria biglobosa
|
85.5
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 4
First Page : 396
Last Page : 405
|
Antifungal activity against Leptosphaeria biglobosa assessed as reduction of germ tube length at 1 ug/ml after 22 hr relative to control
|
Leptosphaeria biglobosa
|
4.5
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 4
First Page : 396
Last Page : 405
|
Antifungal activity against Leptosphaeria maculans assessed as reduction of germ tube length at 4 ug/ml after 22 hr relative to control
|
Leptosphaeria maculans
|
65.8
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 4
First Page : 396
Last Page : 405
|
Antifungal activity against Leptosphaeria maculans assessed as reduction of germ tube length at 2 ug/ml after 22 hr relative to control
|
Leptosphaeria maculans
|
68.3
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 4
First Page : 396
Last Page : 405
|
Antifungal activity against Leptosphaeria maculans assessed as reduction of germ tube length at 1 ug/ml after 22 hr relative to control
|
Leptosphaeria maculans
|
46.8
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 4
First Page : 396
Last Page : 405
|
Antifungal activity against Leptosphaeria biglobosa assessed as inhibition of conidia germination at 4 ug/ml after 22 hr
|
Leptosphaeria biglobosa
|
15.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 4
First Page : 396
Last Page : 405
|
Antifungal activity against Leptosphaeria maculans assessed as inhibition of conidia germination at 4 ug/ml after 22 hr
|
Leptosphaeria maculans
|
80.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 4
First Page : 396
Last Page : 405
|
Antifungal activity against Leptosphaeria biglobosa assessed as ascospore germination at 1 to 4 ug/ml after 22 hr
|
Leptosphaeria biglobosa
|
94.0
%
|
|
Journal : Pest Manag Sci
Year : 2010
Volume : 66
Issue : 4
First Page : 396
Last Page : 405
