|
Anti-malarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum Dd2
|
Plasmodium falciparum Dd2
|
30.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Structure-activity relationships of novel anti-malarial agents. Part 6: N-(4-arylpropionylamino-3-benzoylphenyl)-[5-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-furyl]acrylic acid amides.
Year : 2003
Volume : 13
Issue : 9
First Page : 1539
Last Page : 1541
Authors : Wiesner J, Fucik K, Kettler K, Sakowski J, Ortmann R, Jomaa H, Schlitzer M.
Abstract : We have demonstrated that the p-trifluoromethylphenylpropionylamino residue at the 2-position of the core structure leads to an active benzophenone-type anti-malarial agent. The attempt to improve water solubility by introduction of an amino group into the alpha-position of the arylpropionyl residue resulted in decreased activity.
|
Inhibition against Plasmodium falciparum Dd2 in erythrocytes in semiautomated micro dilution assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
30.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Structure-activity relationships of novel anti-malarial agents. Part 7: N-(3-benzoyl-4-tolylacetylaminophenyl)-3-(5-aryl-2-furyl)acrylic acid amides with polar moieties.
Year : 2003
Volume : 13
Issue : 13
First Page : 2159
Last Page : 2161
Authors : Wiesner J, Mitsch A, Jomaa H, Schlitzer M.
Abstract : In a previous report, we have provided evidence that novel anti-malarial compounds based on 2,5-diaminobenzophenone farnesyltransferase inhibitors might benefit from the presence of a polar moiety at the para position of the terminal phenyl of the arylfurylacryloyl partial structure. Here, we demonstrate that different moieties with hydrogen bond acceptor properties lead to equipotent or even improved anti-malarial activity in comparison to the nitro group described before.
|
Inhibitory activity against Plasmodium falciparum Dd2 in erythrocytes by semiautomated micro dilution
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
30.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Structure-activity relationships of novel anti-malarial agents: part 5. N-(4-acylamino-3-benzoylphenyl)-[5-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-furyl]acrylic acid amides.
Year : 2003
Volume : 13
Issue : 3
First Page : 361
Last Page : 363
Authors : Wiesner J, Kettler K, Sakowski J, Ortmann R, Jomaa H, Schlitzer M.
Abstract : We have developed the [5-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-furyl]acrylic acid substituted benzophenone 4g as a novel lead for anti-malarial agents. Here, we demonstrated that the acyl residue at the 2-amino group of the benzophenone core structure has to be a phenylacetic acid substructure substituted in its para-position with methyl or other substituents of similar size. The trifluoromethyl substituted derivative displayed an IC(50) of 47 nM against the multi-drug resistant Plasmodium falciparum strain Dd2.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 in erythrocytes
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
29.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Structure-activity relationships of novel anti-malarial agents. Part 3: N-(4-acylamino-3-benzoylphenyl)-4-propoxycinnamic acid amides.
Year : 2002
Volume : 12
Issue : 4
First Page : 543
Last Page : 545
Authors : Wiesner J, Kettler K, Jomaa H, Schlitzer M.
Abstract : We have described 5-(4-propoxycinnamoylamino)-2-(4-tolylacetylamino)benzophenone 6e as a novel lead for anti-malarial agents. Anti-malarial activity of these 5-(4-propoxycinnamoylamino)benzophenones proved to be quite sensitive against variations of the acyl substituent at the 2-amino group. Best activity was obtained with phenylacetic acid moieties carrying small substituents in the para-position. From the para-substituents evaluated, the trifluoromethyl group yielded the most active compound (6j) in this series (IC50=120 nM). Deviations from the phenylacetic acid substructure, shifting the substituent into the ortho-position or bulkier para-substituents resulted in a significant reduction in anti-malarial activity.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum Dd2 in erythrocytes
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
30.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Structure-activity relationships of novel anti-malarial agents. Part 3: N-(4-acylamino-3-benzoylphenyl)-4-propoxycinnamic acid amides.
Year : 2002
Volume : 12
Issue : 4
First Page : 543
Last Page : 545
Authors : Wiesner J, Kettler K, Jomaa H, Schlitzer M.
Abstract : We have described 5-(4-propoxycinnamoylamino)-2-(4-tolylacetylamino)benzophenone 6e as a novel lead for anti-malarial agents. Anti-malarial activity of these 5-(4-propoxycinnamoylamino)benzophenones proved to be quite sensitive against variations of the acyl substituent at the 2-amino group. Best activity was obtained with phenylacetic acid moieties carrying small substituents in the para-position. From the para-substituents evaluated, the trifluoromethyl group yielded the most active compound (6j) in this series (IC50=120 nM). Deviations from the phenylacetic acid substructure, shifting the substituent into the ortho-position or bulkier para-substituents resulted in a significant reduction in anti-malarial activity.
|
NOVARTIS: Inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 (drug-susceptible) proliferation in erythrocyte-based infection assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
777.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
Title : In silico activity profiling reveals the mechanism of action of antimalarials discovered in a high-throughput screen.
Year : 2008
Volume : 105
Issue : 26
First Page : 9059
Last Page : 9064
Authors : Plouffe D, Brinker A, McNamara C, Henson K, Kato N, Kuhen K, Nagle A, Adrián F, Matzen JT, Anderson P, Nam TG, Gray NS, Chatterjee A, Janes J, Yan SF, Trager R, Caldwell JS, Schultz PG, Zhou Y, Winzeler EA.
Abstract : The growing resistance to current first-line antimalarial drugs represents a major health challenge. To facilitate the discovery of new antimalarials, we have implemented an efficient and robust high-throughput cell-based screen (1,536-well format) based on proliferation of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) in erythrocytes. From a screen of approximately 1.7 million compounds, we identified a diverse collection of approximately 6,000 small molecules comprised of >530 distinct scaffolds, all of which show potent antimalarial activity (<1.25 microM). Most known antimalarials were identified in this screen, thus validating our approach. In addition, we identified many novel chemical scaffolds, which likely act through both known and novel pathways. We further show that in some cases the mechanism of action of these antimalarials can be determined by in silico compound activity profiling. This method uses large datasets from unrelated cellular and biochemical screens and the guilt-by-association principle to predict which cellular pathway and/or protein target is being inhibited by select compounds. In addition, the screening method has the potential to provide the malaria community with many new starting points for the development of biological probes and drugs with novel antiparasitic activities.
|
NOVARTIS: Inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum W2 (drug-resistant) proliferation in erythrocyte-based infection assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
518.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
Title : In silico activity profiling reveals the mechanism of action of antimalarials discovered in a high-throughput screen.
Year : 2008
Volume : 105
Issue : 26
First Page : 9059
Last Page : 9064
Authors : Plouffe D, Brinker A, McNamara C, Henson K, Kato N, Kuhen K, Nagle A, Adrián F, Matzen JT, Anderson P, Nam TG, Gray NS, Chatterjee A, Janes J, Yan SF, Trager R, Caldwell JS, Schultz PG, Zhou Y, Winzeler EA.
Abstract : The growing resistance to current first-line antimalarial drugs represents a major health challenge. To facilitate the discovery of new antimalarials, we have implemented an efficient and robust high-throughput cell-based screen (1,536-well format) based on proliferation of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) in erythrocytes. From a screen of approximately 1.7 million compounds, we identified a diverse collection of approximately 6,000 small molecules comprised of >530 distinct scaffolds, all of which show potent antimalarial activity (<1.25 microM). Most known antimalarials were identified in this screen, thus validating our approach. In addition, we identified many novel chemical scaffolds, which likely act through both known and novel pathways. We further show that in some cases the mechanism of action of these antimalarials can be determined by in silico compound activity profiling. This method uses large datasets from unrelated cellular and biochemical screens and the guilt-by-association principle to predict which cellular pathway and/or protein target is being inhibited by select compounds. In addition, the screening method has the potential to provide the malaria community with many new starting points for the development of biological probes and drugs with novel antiparasitic activities.
|
Antimicrobial activity against Plasmodium falciparum by ELISA
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
0.51
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro sensitivities of Plasmodium falciparum to different antimalarial drugs in Uganda.
Year : 2010
Volume : 54
Issue : 3
First Page : 1200
Last Page : 1206
Authors : Nsobya SL, Kiggundu M, Nanyunja S, Joloba M, Greenhouse B, Rosenthal PJ.
Abstract : The control of malaria is challenged by resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to multiple drugs. New combination regimens are now advocated for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria, but the extent of resistance to newer agents is incompletely understood. We measured the in vitro sensitivity of P. falciparum parasites cultured from children enrolled in a drug efficacy trial in Kampala, Uganda, from 2006 to 2008. Sensitivities were measured by comparing levels of histidine-rich protein-2 in parasites incubated with different concentrations of drugs with those in untreated controls. The cultured parasites exhibited a wide range of sensitivities to chloroquine (CQ); monodesethylamodiaquine (MDAQ), the major active metabolite of amodiaquine; and quinine (QN). Mean 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) results were above standard cutoffs for resistance for CQ and MDAQ. Parasites were generally sensitive to dihydroartemisinin (DHA), lumefantrine (LM), and piperaquine (PQ). For CQ, MDAQ, and QN but not the other drugs, activities against individual strains were highly correlated. We also assessed known resistance-mediating polymorphisms in two putative transporters, pfcrt and pfmdr1. When parasites that were least and most sensitive to each drug were compared, the pfmdr1 86Y mutation was significantly more common in parasites that were most resistant to CQ and MDAQ, and the pfmdr1 D1246Y mutation was significantly more common in parasites that were most resistant to MDAQ and QN. In summary, we demonstrated in parasites from Kampala a range of sensitivities to older drugs; correlation of sensitivities to CQ, MDAQ, and QN; and good activity against nearly all strains for DHA, LM, and PQ.
|
Antimicrobial activity against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum W2 by ELISA
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
0.45
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro sensitivities of Plasmodium falciparum to different antimalarial drugs in Uganda.
Year : 2010
Volume : 54
Issue : 3
First Page : 1200
Last Page : 1206
Authors : Nsobya SL, Kiggundu M, Nanyunja S, Joloba M, Greenhouse B, Rosenthal PJ.
Abstract : The control of malaria is challenged by resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to multiple drugs. New combination regimens are now advocated for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria, but the extent of resistance to newer agents is incompletely understood. We measured the in vitro sensitivity of P. falciparum parasites cultured from children enrolled in a drug efficacy trial in Kampala, Uganda, from 2006 to 2008. Sensitivities were measured by comparing levels of histidine-rich protein-2 in parasites incubated with different concentrations of drugs with those in untreated controls. The cultured parasites exhibited a wide range of sensitivities to chloroquine (CQ); monodesethylamodiaquine (MDAQ), the major active metabolite of amodiaquine; and quinine (QN). Mean 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) results were above standard cutoffs for resistance for CQ and MDAQ. Parasites were generally sensitive to dihydroartemisinin (DHA), lumefantrine (LM), and piperaquine (PQ). For CQ, MDAQ, and QN but not the other drugs, activities against individual strains were highly correlated. We also assessed known resistance-mediating polymorphisms in two putative transporters, pfcrt and pfmdr1. When parasites that were least and most sensitive to each drug were compared, the pfmdr1 86Y mutation was significantly more common in parasites that were most resistant to CQ and MDAQ, and the pfmdr1 D1246Y mutation was significantly more common in parasites that were most resistant to MDAQ and QN. In summary, we demonstrated in parasites from Kampala a range of sensitivities to older drugs; correlation of sensitivities to CQ, MDAQ, and QN; and good activity against nearly all strains for DHA, LM, and PQ.
|
Antimicrobial activity against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum D6 by ELISA
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
1.82
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro sensitivities of Plasmodium falciparum to different antimalarial drugs in Uganda.
Year : 2010
Volume : 54
Issue : 3
First Page : 1200
Last Page : 1206
Authors : Nsobya SL, Kiggundu M, Nanyunja S, Joloba M, Greenhouse B, Rosenthal PJ.
Abstract : The control of malaria is challenged by resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to multiple drugs. New combination regimens are now advocated for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria, but the extent of resistance to newer agents is incompletely understood. We measured the in vitro sensitivity of P. falciparum parasites cultured from children enrolled in a drug efficacy trial in Kampala, Uganda, from 2006 to 2008. Sensitivities were measured by comparing levels of histidine-rich protein-2 in parasites incubated with different concentrations of drugs with those in untreated controls. The cultured parasites exhibited a wide range of sensitivities to chloroquine (CQ); monodesethylamodiaquine (MDAQ), the major active metabolite of amodiaquine; and quinine (QN). Mean 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) results were above standard cutoffs for resistance for CQ and MDAQ. Parasites were generally sensitive to dihydroartemisinin (DHA), lumefantrine (LM), and piperaquine (PQ). For CQ, MDAQ, and QN but not the other drugs, activities against individual strains were highly correlated. We also assessed known resistance-mediating polymorphisms in two putative transporters, pfcrt and pfmdr1. When parasites that were least and most sensitive to each drug were compared, the pfmdr1 86Y mutation was significantly more common in parasites that were most resistant to CQ and MDAQ, and the pfmdr1 D1246Y mutation was significantly more common in parasites that were most resistant to MDAQ and QN. In summary, we demonstrated in parasites from Kampala a range of sensitivities to older drugs; correlation of sensitivities to CQ, MDAQ, and QN; and good activity against nearly all strains for DHA, LM, and PQ.
|
Antimicrobial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum HB3 by ELISA
|
Plasmodium falciparum HB3
|
1.41
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro sensitivities of Plasmodium falciparum to different antimalarial drugs in Uganda.
Year : 2010
Volume : 54
Issue : 3
First Page : 1200
Last Page : 1206
Authors : Nsobya SL, Kiggundu M, Nanyunja S, Joloba M, Greenhouse B, Rosenthal PJ.
Abstract : The control of malaria is challenged by resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to multiple drugs. New combination regimens are now advocated for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria, but the extent of resistance to newer agents is incompletely understood. We measured the in vitro sensitivity of P. falciparum parasites cultured from children enrolled in a drug efficacy trial in Kampala, Uganda, from 2006 to 2008. Sensitivities were measured by comparing levels of histidine-rich protein-2 in parasites incubated with different concentrations of drugs with those in untreated controls. The cultured parasites exhibited a wide range of sensitivities to chloroquine (CQ); monodesethylamodiaquine (MDAQ), the major active metabolite of amodiaquine; and quinine (QN). Mean 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) results were above standard cutoffs for resistance for CQ and MDAQ. Parasites were generally sensitive to dihydroartemisinin (DHA), lumefantrine (LM), and piperaquine (PQ). For CQ, MDAQ, and QN but not the other drugs, activities against individual strains were highly correlated. We also assessed known resistance-mediating polymorphisms in two putative transporters, pfcrt and pfmdr1. When parasites that were least and most sensitive to each drug were compared, the pfmdr1 86Y mutation was significantly more common in parasites that were most resistant to CQ and MDAQ, and the pfmdr1 D1246Y mutation was significantly more common in parasites that were most resistant to MDAQ and QN. In summary, we demonstrated in parasites from Kampala a range of sensitivities to older drugs; correlation of sensitivities to CQ, MDAQ, and QN; and good activity against nearly all strains for DHA, LM, and PQ.
|
Antimicrobial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum K1 by ELISA
|
Plasmodium falciparum K1
|
0.31
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro sensitivities of Plasmodium falciparum to different antimalarial drugs in Uganda.
Year : 2010
Volume : 54
Issue : 3
First Page : 1200
Last Page : 1206
Authors : Nsobya SL, Kiggundu M, Nanyunja S, Joloba M, Greenhouse B, Rosenthal PJ.
Abstract : The control of malaria is challenged by resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to multiple drugs. New combination regimens are now advocated for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria, but the extent of resistance to newer agents is incompletely understood. We measured the in vitro sensitivity of P. falciparum parasites cultured from children enrolled in a drug efficacy trial in Kampala, Uganda, from 2006 to 2008. Sensitivities were measured by comparing levels of histidine-rich protein-2 in parasites incubated with different concentrations of drugs with those in untreated controls. The cultured parasites exhibited a wide range of sensitivities to chloroquine (CQ); monodesethylamodiaquine (MDAQ), the major active metabolite of amodiaquine; and quinine (QN). Mean 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) results were above standard cutoffs for resistance for CQ and MDAQ. Parasites were generally sensitive to dihydroartemisinin (DHA), lumefantrine (LM), and piperaquine (PQ). For CQ, MDAQ, and QN but not the other drugs, activities against individual strains were highly correlated. We also assessed known resistance-mediating polymorphisms in two putative transporters, pfcrt and pfmdr1. When parasites that were least and most sensitive to each drug were compared, the pfmdr1 86Y mutation was significantly more common in parasites that were most resistant to CQ and MDAQ, and the pfmdr1 D1246Y mutation was significantly more common in parasites that were most resistant to MDAQ and QN. In summary, we demonstrated in parasites from Kampala a range of sensitivities to older drugs; correlation of sensitivities to CQ, MDAQ, and QN; and good activity against nearly all strains for DHA, LM, and PQ.
|
Antimicrobial activity against Plasmodium falciparum harboring mdr1 N86Y/D1246Y/Y184F mutant gene by ELISA
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
0.19
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro sensitivities of Plasmodium falciparum to different antimalarial drugs in Uganda.
Year : 2010
Volume : 54
Issue : 3
First Page : 1200
Last Page : 1206
Authors : Nsobya SL, Kiggundu M, Nanyunja S, Joloba M, Greenhouse B, Rosenthal PJ.
Abstract : The control of malaria is challenged by resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to multiple drugs. New combination regimens are now advocated for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria, but the extent of resistance to newer agents is incompletely understood. We measured the in vitro sensitivity of P. falciparum parasites cultured from children enrolled in a drug efficacy trial in Kampala, Uganda, from 2006 to 2008. Sensitivities were measured by comparing levels of histidine-rich protein-2 in parasites incubated with different concentrations of drugs with those in untreated controls. The cultured parasites exhibited a wide range of sensitivities to chloroquine (CQ); monodesethylamodiaquine (MDAQ), the major active metabolite of amodiaquine; and quinine (QN). Mean 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) results were above standard cutoffs for resistance for CQ and MDAQ. Parasites were generally sensitive to dihydroartemisinin (DHA), lumefantrine (LM), and piperaquine (PQ). For CQ, MDAQ, and QN but not the other drugs, activities against individual strains were highly correlated. We also assessed known resistance-mediating polymorphisms in two putative transporters, pfcrt and pfmdr1. When parasites that were least and most sensitive to each drug were compared, the pfmdr1 86Y mutation was significantly more common in parasites that were most resistant to CQ and MDAQ, and the pfmdr1 D1246Y mutation was significantly more common in parasites that were most resistant to MDAQ and QN. In summary, we demonstrated in parasites from Kampala a range of sensitivities to older drugs; correlation of sensitivities to CQ, MDAQ, and QN; and good activity against nearly all strains for DHA, LM, and PQ.
|
Antimicrobial activity against Plasmodium vivax trophozoites measured after 30 hrs by microscopy
|
Plasmodium vivax
|
32.9
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Determinants of in vitro drug susceptibility testing of Plasmodium vivax.
Year : 2008
Volume : 52
Issue : 3
First Page : 1040
Last Page : 1045
Authors : Russell B, Chalfein F, Prasetyorini B, Kenangalem E, Piera K, Suwanarusk R, Brockman A, Prayoga P, Sugiarto P, Cheng Q, Tjitra E, Anstey NM, Price RN.
Abstract : In Papua, Indonesia, the antimalarial susceptibility of Plasmodium vivax (n = 216) and P. falciparum (n = 277) was assessed using a modified schizont maturation assay for chloroquine, amodiaquine, artesunate, lumefantrine, mefloquine, and piperaquine. The most effective antimalarial against P. vivax and P. falciparum was artesunate, with geometric mean 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) (95% confidence intervals [CI]) of 1.31 nM (1.07 to 1.59) and 0.64 nM (0.53 to 0.79), respectively. In contrast, the geometric mean chloroquine IC50 for P. vivax was 295 nM (227 to 384) compared to only 47.4 nM (42.2 to 53.3) for P. falciparum. Two factors were found to significantly influence the in vitro drug response of P. vivax: the initial stage of the parasite and the duration of the assay. Isolates of P. vivax initially at the trophozoite stage had significantly higher chloroquine IC50s (478 nM [95% CI, 316 to 722]) than those initially at the ring stage (84.7 nM [95% CI, 45.7 to 157]; P < 0.001). Synchronous isolates of P. vivax and P. falciparum which reached the target of 40% schizonts in the control wells within 30 h had significantly higher geometric mean chloroquine IC50s (435 nM [95% CI, 169 to 1,118] and 55.9 nM [95% CI, 48 to 64.9], respectively) than isolates that took more than 30 h (39.9 nM [14.6 to 110.4] and 36.9 nM [31.2 to 43.7]; P < 0.005). The results demonstrate the marked stage-specific activity of chloroquine with P. vivax and suggest that susceptibility to chloroquine may be associated with variable growth rates. These findings have important implications for the phenotypic and downstream genetic characterization of P. vivax.
|
Antimicrobial activity against Plasmodium vivax at the ring stage measured after 30 hrs by microscopy
|
Plasmodium vivax
|
37.6
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Determinants of in vitro drug susceptibility testing of Plasmodium vivax.
Year : 2008
Volume : 52
Issue : 3
First Page : 1040
Last Page : 1045
Authors : Russell B, Chalfein F, Prasetyorini B, Kenangalem E, Piera K, Suwanarusk R, Brockman A, Prayoga P, Sugiarto P, Cheng Q, Tjitra E, Anstey NM, Price RN.
Abstract : In Papua, Indonesia, the antimalarial susceptibility of Plasmodium vivax (n = 216) and P. falciparum (n = 277) was assessed using a modified schizont maturation assay for chloroquine, amodiaquine, artesunate, lumefantrine, mefloquine, and piperaquine. The most effective antimalarial against P. vivax and P. falciparum was artesunate, with geometric mean 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) (95% confidence intervals [CI]) of 1.31 nM (1.07 to 1.59) and 0.64 nM (0.53 to 0.79), respectively. In contrast, the geometric mean chloroquine IC50 for P. vivax was 295 nM (227 to 384) compared to only 47.4 nM (42.2 to 53.3) for P. falciparum. Two factors were found to significantly influence the in vitro drug response of P. vivax: the initial stage of the parasite and the duration of the assay. Isolates of P. vivax initially at the trophozoite stage had significantly higher chloroquine IC50s (478 nM [95% CI, 316 to 722]) than those initially at the ring stage (84.7 nM [95% CI, 45.7 to 157]; P < 0.001). Synchronous isolates of P. vivax and P. falciparum which reached the target of 40% schizonts in the control wells within 30 h had significantly higher geometric mean chloroquine IC50s (435 nM [95% CI, 169 to 1,118] and 55.9 nM [95% CI, 48 to 64.9], respectively) than isolates that took more than 30 h (39.9 nM [14.6 to 110.4] and 36.9 nM [31.2 to 43.7]; P < 0.005). The results demonstrate the marked stage-specific activity of chloroquine with P. vivax and suggest that susceptibility to chloroquine may be associated with variable growth rates. These findings have important implications for the phenotypic and downstream genetic characterization of P. vivax.
|
Antimicrobial activity against Plasmodium vivax trophozoites measured within 30 hrs by microscopy
|
Plasmodium vivax
|
14.6
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Determinants of in vitro drug susceptibility testing of Plasmodium vivax.
Year : 2008
Volume : 52
Issue : 3
First Page : 1040
Last Page : 1045
Authors : Russell B, Chalfein F, Prasetyorini B, Kenangalem E, Piera K, Suwanarusk R, Brockman A, Prayoga P, Sugiarto P, Cheng Q, Tjitra E, Anstey NM, Price RN.
Abstract : In Papua, Indonesia, the antimalarial susceptibility of Plasmodium vivax (n = 216) and P. falciparum (n = 277) was assessed using a modified schizont maturation assay for chloroquine, amodiaquine, artesunate, lumefantrine, mefloquine, and piperaquine. The most effective antimalarial against P. vivax and P. falciparum was artesunate, with geometric mean 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) (95% confidence intervals [CI]) of 1.31 nM (1.07 to 1.59) and 0.64 nM (0.53 to 0.79), respectively. In contrast, the geometric mean chloroquine IC50 for P. vivax was 295 nM (227 to 384) compared to only 47.4 nM (42.2 to 53.3) for P. falciparum. Two factors were found to significantly influence the in vitro drug response of P. vivax: the initial stage of the parasite and the duration of the assay. Isolates of P. vivax initially at the trophozoite stage had significantly higher chloroquine IC50s (478 nM [95% CI, 316 to 722]) than those initially at the ring stage (84.7 nM [95% CI, 45.7 to 157]; P < 0.001). Synchronous isolates of P. vivax and P. falciparum which reached the target of 40% schizonts in the control wells within 30 h had significantly higher geometric mean chloroquine IC50s (435 nM [95% CI, 169 to 1,118] and 55.9 nM [95% CI, 48 to 64.9], respectively) than isolates that took more than 30 h (39.9 nM [14.6 to 110.4] and 36.9 nM [31.2 to 43.7]; P < 0.005). The results demonstrate the marked stage-specific activity of chloroquine with P. vivax and suggest that susceptibility to chloroquine may be associated with variable growth rates. These findings have important implications for the phenotypic and downstream genetic characterization of P. vivax.
|
Antimicrobial activity against Plasmodium vivax at the ring stage measured within 30 hrs by microscopy
|
Plasmodium vivax
|
24.8
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Determinants of in vitro drug susceptibility testing of Plasmodium vivax.
Year : 2008
Volume : 52
Issue : 3
First Page : 1040
Last Page : 1045
Authors : Russell B, Chalfein F, Prasetyorini B, Kenangalem E, Piera K, Suwanarusk R, Brockman A, Prayoga P, Sugiarto P, Cheng Q, Tjitra E, Anstey NM, Price RN.
Abstract : In Papua, Indonesia, the antimalarial susceptibility of Plasmodium vivax (n = 216) and P. falciparum (n = 277) was assessed using a modified schizont maturation assay for chloroquine, amodiaquine, artesunate, lumefantrine, mefloquine, and piperaquine. The most effective antimalarial against P. vivax and P. falciparum was artesunate, with geometric mean 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) (95% confidence intervals [CI]) of 1.31 nM (1.07 to 1.59) and 0.64 nM (0.53 to 0.79), respectively. In contrast, the geometric mean chloroquine IC50 for P. vivax was 295 nM (227 to 384) compared to only 47.4 nM (42.2 to 53.3) for P. falciparum. Two factors were found to significantly influence the in vitro drug response of P. vivax: the initial stage of the parasite and the duration of the assay. Isolates of P. vivax initially at the trophozoite stage had significantly higher chloroquine IC50s (478 nM [95% CI, 316 to 722]) than those initially at the ring stage (84.7 nM [95% CI, 45.7 to 157]; P < 0.001). Synchronous isolates of P. vivax and P. falciparum which reached the target of 40% schizonts in the control wells within 30 h had significantly higher geometric mean chloroquine IC50s (435 nM [95% CI, 169 to 1,118] and 55.9 nM [95% CI, 48 to 64.9], respectively) than isolates that took more than 30 h (39.9 nM [14.6 to 110.4] and 36.9 nM [31.2 to 43.7]; P < 0.005). The results demonstrate the marked stage-specific activity of chloroquine with P. vivax and suggest that susceptibility to chloroquine may be associated with variable growth rates. These findings have important implications for the phenotypic and downstream genetic characterization of P. vivax.
|
Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum harboring K1 allele group of msp1, 3D7 allele group of msp2 gene and 94 bp of 7A11, 196bp of C4M79 and 336bp of C4M69 locus measured on day 23 by [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
15.2
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : First case of emergence of atovaquone-proguanil resistance in Plasmodium falciparum during treatment in a traveler in Comoros.
Year : 2008
Volume : 52
Issue : 6
First Page : 2283
Last Page : 2284
Authors : Savini H, Bogreau H, Bertaux L, Bouchiba H, Kraemer P, Parzy D, Garnotel E, Rogier C, Simon F, Pradines B.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
56.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro activities of quinine and other antimalarials and pfnhe polymorphisms in Plasmodium isolates from Kenya.
Year : 2010
Volume : 54
Issue : 8
First Page : 3302
Last Page : 3307
Authors : Okombo J, Kiara SM, Rono J, Mwai L, Pole L, Ohuma E, Borrmann S, Ochola LI, Nzila A.
Abstract : Resistance to the amino alcohol quinine has been associated with polymorphisms in pfnhe, a sodium hydrogen exchanger. We investigated the role of this gene in quinine resistance in vitro in isolates from Kenya. We analyzed pfnhe whole-gene polymorphisms, using capillary sequencing, and pfcrt at codon 76 (pfcrt-76) and pfmdr1 at codon 86 (pfmdr1-86), using PCR-enzyme restriction methodology, in 29 isolates from Kilifi, Kenya, for association with the in vitro activities of quinine and 2 amino alcohols, mefloquine and halofantrine. In vitro activity was assessed as the drug concentration that inhibits 50% of parasite growth (IC50). The median IC50s of quinine, halofantrine, and mefloquine were 92, 22, and 18 nM, respectively. The presence of 2 DNNND repeats in microsatellite ms4760 of pfnhe was associated with reduced susceptibility to quinine (60 versus 227 nM for 1 and 2 repeats, respectively; P<0.05), while 3 repeats were associated with restoration of susceptibility. The decrease in susceptibility conferred by the 2 DNNND repeats was more pronounced in parasites harboring the pfmdr1-86 mutation. No association was found between susceptibility to quinine and the pfcrt-76 mutation or between susceptibility to mefloquine or halofantrine and the pfnhe gene and the pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86 mutations. Using previously published data on the in vitro activities of chloroquine, lumefantrine, piperaquine, and dihydroartemisinin, we investigated the association of their activities with pfnhe polymorphism. With the exception of a modulation of the activity of lumefantrine by a mutation at position 1437, pfnhe did not modulate their activities. Two DNNND repeats combined with the pfmdr1-86 mutation could be used as an indicator of reduced susceptibility to quinine.
|
Antimalarial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium vivax by Giemsa staining
|
Plasmodium vivax
|
16.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vivo and in vitro efficacy of amodiaquine monotherapy for treatment of infection by chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium vivax.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 3
First Page : 1094
Last Page : 1099
Authors : Hasugian AR, Tjitra E, Ratcliff A, Siswantoro H, Kenangalem E, Wuwung RM, Purba HL, Piera KA, Chalfien F, Marfurt J, Penttinen PM, Russell B, Anstey NM, Price RN.
Abstract : Amodiaquine retains efficacy against infection by chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum; however, little information is available on its efficacy against infection by chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium vivax. Patients presenting to a rural clinic with a pure P. vivax infection that recurred after recent antimalarial treatment were retreated, this time with amodiaquine monotherapy, and the risk of further recurrence within 4 weeks was assessed. Of the 87 patients with pure P. vivax infection, 15 patients did not complete a full course of treatment, 4 of whom were intolerant to treatment. In the 72 patients completing treatment, 91% (63 of 69) had cleared their parasitemia within 48 h with no early treatment failure. Follow-up to day 28 or recurrent parasitemia was achieved for 56 patients (78%). The cumulative incidence of treatment failure by day 28 was 22.8% (95% confidence interval, 7.3 to 38%). The in vitro sensitivity profile was determined for a separate set of isolates from outpatients with pure P. vivax infection. The median 50% inhibitory concentration of amodiaquine was 11.3 nM (range, 0.37 to 95.8) and was correlated significantly with that of chloroquine (Spearman rank correlation coefficient, 0.602; P < 0.001). Although amodiaquine results in a rapid clinical response, the risk of recurrence by day 28 is unacceptably high, reducing its suitability as an alternative treatment of infection by chloroquine-resistant P. vivax in this region.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum W2 assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum D6 assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum FCM29 assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum FCR3 assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum PA assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum HB3 assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum HB3
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 106/1 assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum IMT Bres assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum IMT Guy assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum IMT A4 assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum IMT 31 assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum IMT 8425 assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum IMT 9881 assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum IMT 10336 assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum IMT 10500 assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum IMT 16332 assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum IMT K14 assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum IMT K2 assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum IMT K4 assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum IMT L1 assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum IMT Vol assessed as incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine after 48 hrs by scintillation counter
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
8.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Atorvastatin is a promising partner for antimalarial drugs in treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 6
First Page : 2248
Last Page : 2252
Authors : Parquet V, Briolant S, Torrentino-Madamet M, Henry M, Almeras L, Amalvict R, Baret E, Fusaï T, Rogier C, Pradines B.
Abstract : Atorvastatin (AVA) is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. AVA exposure resulted in the reduced in vitro growth of 22 Plasmodium falciparum strains, with the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) ranging from 2.5 microM to 10.8 microM. A significant positive correlation was found between the strains' responses to AVA and mefloquine (r = 0.553; P = 0.008). We found no correlation between the responses to AVA and to chloroquine, quinine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, or doxycycline. These data could suggest that the mechanism of AVA uptake and/or the mode of action of AVA is different from those for other antimalarial drugs. The IC(50)s for AVA were unrelated to the occurrence of mutations in the transport protein genes involved in quinoline antimalarial drug resistance, such as the P. falciparum crt, mdr1, mrp, and nhe-1 genes. Therefore, AVA can be ruled out as a substrate for the transport proteins (CRT, Pgh1, and MRP) and is not subject to the pH modification induced by the P. falciparum NHE-1 protein. The absence of in vitro cross-resistance between AVA and chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine, monodesethylamodiaquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartemisinin, atovaquone, and doxycycline argues that these antimalarial drugs could potentially be paired with AVA as a treatment for malaria. In conclusion, the present observations suggest that AVA is a good candidate for further studies on the use of statins in association with drugs known to have activities against the malaria parasite.
|
Antiplasmodial activity against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum VS/1 by [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum VS/1
|
53.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro chemosensitization of Plasmodium falciparum to antimalarials by verapamil and probenecid.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 7
First Page : 3131
Last Page : 3134
Authors : Masseno V, Muriithi S, Nzila A.
Abstract : We tested the effect of probenecid and verapamil in chemosensitizing Plasmodium falciparum to 14 antimalarials using the multidrug-resistant strain V1S and the drug-sensitive 3D7. Verapamil chemosensitizes V1S to quinine and chloroquine. Interestingly, probenecid profoundly chemosensitizes V1S to piperaquine. Thus, probenecid could be used to increase piperaquine efficacy in vivo.
|
Antiplasmodial activity against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum VS/1 after 18 hrs by [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum VS/1
|
24.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro activities of piperaquine, lumefantrine, and dihydroartemisinin in Kenyan Plasmodium falciparum isolates and polymorphisms in pfcrt and pfmdr1.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 12
First Page : 5069
Last Page : 5073
Authors : Mwai L, Kiara SM, Abdirahman A, Pole L, Rippert A, Diriye A, Bull P, Marsh K, Borrmann S, Nzila A.
Abstract : We have analyzed the in vitro chemosensitivity profiles of 115 Kenyan isolates for chloroquine (CQ), piperaquine, lumefantrine (LM), and dihydroartemisinin in association with polymorphisms in pfcrt at codon 76 and pfmdr1 at codon 86, as well as with variations of the copy number of pfmdr1. The median drug concentrations that inhibit 50% of parasite growth (IC(50)s) were 41 nM (interquartile range [IQR], 18 to 73 nM), 50 nM (IQR, 29 to 96 nM), 32 nM (IQR, 17 to 46 nM), and 2 nM (IQR, 1 to 3 nM) for CQ, LM, piperaquine, and dihydroartemisinin, respectively. The activity of CQ correlated inversely with that of LM (r(2) = -0.26; P = 0.02). Interestingly, parasites for which LM IC(50)s were higher were wild type for pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86. All isolates had one pfmdr1 copy. Thus, the decrease in LM activity is associated with the selection of wild-type pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86 parasites, a feature that accounts for the inverse relationship between CQ and LM. Therefore, the use of LM-artemether is likely to lead to the selection of more CQ-susceptible parasites.
|
Antiplasmodial activity against multidrug-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 after 18 hrs by [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
96.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro activities of piperaquine, lumefantrine, and dihydroartemisinin in Kenyan Plasmodium falciparum isolates and polymorphisms in pfcrt and pfmdr1.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 12
First Page : 5069
Last Page : 5073
Authors : Mwai L, Kiara SM, Abdirahman A, Pole L, Rippert A, Diriye A, Bull P, Marsh K, Borrmann S, Nzila A.
Abstract : We have analyzed the in vitro chemosensitivity profiles of 115 Kenyan isolates for chloroquine (CQ), piperaquine, lumefantrine (LM), and dihydroartemisinin in association with polymorphisms in pfcrt at codon 76 and pfmdr1 at codon 86, as well as with variations of the copy number of pfmdr1. The median drug concentrations that inhibit 50% of parasite growth (IC(50)s) were 41 nM (interquartile range [IQR], 18 to 73 nM), 50 nM (IQR, 29 to 96 nM), 32 nM (IQR, 17 to 46 nM), and 2 nM (IQR, 1 to 3 nM) for CQ, LM, piperaquine, and dihydroartemisinin, respectively. The activity of CQ correlated inversely with that of LM (r(2) = -0.26; P = 0.02). Interestingly, parasites for which LM IC(50)s were higher were wild type for pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86. All isolates had one pfmdr1 copy. Thus, the decrease in LM activity is associated with the selection of wild-type pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86 parasites, a feature that accounts for the inverse relationship between CQ and LM. Therefore, the use of LM-artemether is likely to lead to the selection of more CQ-susceptible parasites.
|
Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolate after 18 hrs by [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
50.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro activities of piperaquine, lumefantrine, and dihydroartemisinin in Kenyan Plasmodium falciparum isolates and polymorphisms in pfcrt and pfmdr1.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 12
First Page : 5069
Last Page : 5073
Authors : Mwai L, Kiara SM, Abdirahman A, Pole L, Rippert A, Diriye A, Bull P, Marsh K, Borrmann S, Nzila A.
Abstract : We have analyzed the in vitro chemosensitivity profiles of 115 Kenyan isolates for chloroquine (CQ), piperaquine, lumefantrine (LM), and dihydroartemisinin in association with polymorphisms in pfcrt at codon 76 and pfmdr1 at codon 86, as well as with variations of the copy number of pfmdr1. The median drug concentrations that inhibit 50% of parasite growth (IC(50)s) were 41 nM (interquartile range [IQR], 18 to 73 nM), 50 nM (IQR, 29 to 96 nM), 32 nM (IQR, 17 to 46 nM), and 2 nM (IQR, 1 to 3 nM) for CQ, LM, piperaquine, and dihydroartemisinin, respectively. The activity of CQ correlated inversely with that of LM (r(2) = -0.26; P = 0.02). Interestingly, parasites for which LM IC(50)s were higher were wild type for pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86. All isolates had one pfmdr1 copy. Thus, the decrease in LM activity is associated with the selection of wild-type pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86 parasites, a feature that accounts for the inverse relationship between CQ and LM. Therefore, the use of LM-artemether is likely to lead to the selection of more CQ-susceptible parasites.
|
Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum harboring wild type and mutant pfcrt-76 gene after 18 hrs by [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
67.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro activities of piperaquine, lumefantrine, and dihydroartemisinin in Kenyan Plasmodium falciparum isolates and polymorphisms in pfcrt and pfmdr1.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 12
First Page : 5069
Last Page : 5073
Authors : Mwai L, Kiara SM, Abdirahman A, Pole L, Rippert A, Diriye A, Bull P, Marsh K, Borrmann S, Nzila A.
Abstract : We have analyzed the in vitro chemosensitivity profiles of 115 Kenyan isolates for chloroquine (CQ), piperaquine, lumefantrine (LM), and dihydroartemisinin in association with polymorphisms in pfcrt at codon 76 and pfmdr1 at codon 86, as well as with variations of the copy number of pfmdr1. The median drug concentrations that inhibit 50% of parasite growth (IC(50)s) were 41 nM (interquartile range [IQR], 18 to 73 nM), 50 nM (IQR, 29 to 96 nM), 32 nM (IQR, 17 to 46 nM), and 2 nM (IQR, 1 to 3 nM) for CQ, LM, piperaquine, and dihydroartemisinin, respectively. The activity of CQ correlated inversely with that of LM (r(2) = -0.26; P = 0.02). Interestingly, parasites for which LM IC(50)s were higher were wild type for pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86. All isolates had one pfmdr1 copy. Thus, the decrease in LM activity is associated with the selection of wild-type pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86 parasites, a feature that accounts for the inverse relationship between CQ and LM. Therefore, the use of LM-artemether is likely to lead to the selection of more CQ-susceptible parasites.
|
Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum harboring mutant pfcrt-76 gene after 18 hrs by [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
43.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro activities of piperaquine, lumefantrine, and dihydroartemisinin in Kenyan Plasmodium falciparum isolates and polymorphisms in pfcrt and pfmdr1.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 12
First Page : 5069
Last Page : 5073
Authors : Mwai L, Kiara SM, Abdirahman A, Pole L, Rippert A, Diriye A, Bull P, Marsh K, Borrmann S, Nzila A.
Abstract : We have analyzed the in vitro chemosensitivity profiles of 115 Kenyan isolates for chloroquine (CQ), piperaquine, lumefantrine (LM), and dihydroartemisinin in association with polymorphisms in pfcrt at codon 76 and pfmdr1 at codon 86, as well as with variations of the copy number of pfmdr1. The median drug concentrations that inhibit 50% of parasite growth (IC(50)s) were 41 nM (interquartile range [IQR], 18 to 73 nM), 50 nM (IQR, 29 to 96 nM), 32 nM (IQR, 17 to 46 nM), and 2 nM (IQR, 1 to 3 nM) for CQ, LM, piperaquine, and dihydroartemisinin, respectively. The activity of CQ correlated inversely with that of LM (r(2) = -0.26; P = 0.02). Interestingly, parasites for which LM IC(50)s were higher were wild type for pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86. All isolates had one pfmdr1 copy. Thus, the decrease in LM activity is associated with the selection of wild-type pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86 parasites, a feature that accounts for the inverse relationship between CQ and LM. Therefore, the use of LM-artemether is likely to lead to the selection of more CQ-susceptible parasites.
|
Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum harboring wild type pfmdr-1-86 gene after 18 hrs by [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
124.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro activities of piperaquine, lumefantrine, and dihydroartemisinin in Kenyan Plasmodium falciparum isolates and polymorphisms in pfcrt and pfmdr1.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 12
First Page : 5069
Last Page : 5073
Authors : Mwai L, Kiara SM, Abdirahman A, Pole L, Rippert A, Diriye A, Bull P, Marsh K, Borrmann S, Nzila A.
Abstract : We have analyzed the in vitro chemosensitivity profiles of 115 Kenyan isolates for chloroquine (CQ), piperaquine, lumefantrine (LM), and dihydroartemisinin in association with polymorphisms in pfcrt at codon 76 and pfmdr1 at codon 86, as well as with variations of the copy number of pfmdr1. The median drug concentrations that inhibit 50% of parasite growth (IC(50)s) were 41 nM (interquartile range [IQR], 18 to 73 nM), 50 nM (IQR, 29 to 96 nM), 32 nM (IQR, 17 to 46 nM), and 2 nM (IQR, 1 to 3 nM) for CQ, LM, piperaquine, and dihydroartemisinin, respectively. The activity of CQ correlated inversely with that of LM (r(2) = -0.26; P = 0.02). Interestingly, parasites for which LM IC(50)s were higher were wild type for pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86. All isolates had one pfmdr1 copy. Thus, the decrease in LM activity is associated with the selection of wild-type pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86 parasites, a feature that accounts for the inverse relationship between CQ and LM. Therefore, the use of LM-artemether is likely to lead to the selection of more CQ-susceptible parasites.
|
Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum harboring mutant pfmdr-1-86 gene after 18 hrs by [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
43.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro activities of piperaquine, lumefantrine, and dihydroartemisinin in Kenyan Plasmodium falciparum isolates and polymorphisms in pfcrt and pfmdr1.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 12
First Page : 5069
Last Page : 5073
Authors : Mwai L, Kiara SM, Abdirahman A, Pole L, Rippert A, Diriye A, Bull P, Marsh K, Borrmann S, Nzila A.
Abstract : We have analyzed the in vitro chemosensitivity profiles of 115 Kenyan isolates for chloroquine (CQ), piperaquine, lumefantrine (LM), and dihydroartemisinin in association with polymorphisms in pfcrt at codon 76 and pfmdr1 at codon 86, as well as with variations of the copy number of pfmdr1. The median drug concentrations that inhibit 50% of parasite growth (IC(50)s) were 41 nM (interquartile range [IQR], 18 to 73 nM), 50 nM (IQR, 29 to 96 nM), 32 nM (IQR, 17 to 46 nM), and 2 nM (IQR, 1 to 3 nM) for CQ, LM, piperaquine, and dihydroartemisinin, respectively. The activity of CQ correlated inversely with that of LM (r(2) = -0.26; P = 0.02). Interestingly, parasites for which LM IC(50)s were higher were wild type for pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86. All isolates had one pfmdr1 copy. Thus, the decrease in LM activity is associated with the selection of wild-type pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86 parasites, a feature that accounts for the inverse relationship between CQ and LM. Therefore, the use of LM-artemether is likely to lead to the selection of more CQ-susceptible parasites.
|
Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum harboring wild type and mutant pfmdr-1-86 gene after 18 hrs by [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
57.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro activities of piperaquine, lumefantrine, and dihydroartemisinin in Kenyan Plasmodium falciparum isolates and polymorphisms in pfcrt and pfmdr1.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 12
First Page : 5069
Last Page : 5073
Authors : Mwai L, Kiara SM, Abdirahman A, Pole L, Rippert A, Diriye A, Bull P, Marsh K, Borrmann S, Nzila A.
Abstract : We have analyzed the in vitro chemosensitivity profiles of 115 Kenyan isolates for chloroquine (CQ), piperaquine, lumefantrine (LM), and dihydroartemisinin in association with polymorphisms in pfcrt at codon 76 and pfmdr1 at codon 86, as well as with variations of the copy number of pfmdr1. The median drug concentrations that inhibit 50% of parasite growth (IC(50)s) were 41 nM (interquartile range [IQR], 18 to 73 nM), 50 nM (IQR, 29 to 96 nM), 32 nM (IQR, 17 to 46 nM), and 2 nM (IQR, 1 to 3 nM) for CQ, LM, piperaquine, and dihydroartemisinin, respectively. The activity of CQ correlated inversely with that of LM (r(2) = -0.26; P = 0.02). Interestingly, parasites for which LM IC(50)s were higher were wild type for pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86. All isolates had one pfmdr1 copy. Thus, the decrease in LM activity is associated with the selection of wild-type pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86 parasites, a feature that accounts for the inverse relationship between CQ and LM. Therefore, the use of LM-artemether is likely to lead to the selection of more CQ-susceptible parasites.
|
Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum harboring mutant pfcrt-76 and mutant pfmdr-1-86 gene after 18 hrs by [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
31.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro activities of piperaquine, lumefantrine, and dihydroartemisinin in Kenyan Plasmodium falciparum isolates and polymorphisms in pfcrt and pfmdr1.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 12
First Page : 5069
Last Page : 5073
Authors : Mwai L, Kiara SM, Abdirahman A, Pole L, Rippert A, Diriye A, Bull P, Marsh K, Borrmann S, Nzila A.
Abstract : We have analyzed the in vitro chemosensitivity profiles of 115 Kenyan isolates for chloroquine (CQ), piperaquine, lumefantrine (LM), and dihydroartemisinin in association with polymorphisms in pfcrt at codon 76 and pfmdr1 at codon 86, as well as with variations of the copy number of pfmdr1. The median drug concentrations that inhibit 50% of parasite growth (IC(50)s) were 41 nM (interquartile range [IQR], 18 to 73 nM), 50 nM (IQR, 29 to 96 nM), 32 nM (IQR, 17 to 46 nM), and 2 nM (IQR, 1 to 3 nM) for CQ, LM, piperaquine, and dihydroartemisinin, respectively. The activity of CQ correlated inversely with that of LM (r(2) = -0.26; P = 0.02). Interestingly, parasites for which LM IC(50)s were higher were wild type for pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86. All isolates had one pfmdr1 copy. Thus, the decrease in LM activity is associated with the selection of wild-type pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86 parasites, a feature that accounts for the inverse relationship between CQ and LM. Therefore, the use of LM-artemether is likely to lead to the selection of more CQ-susceptible parasites.
|
Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum harboring mutant pfcrt-76 and wild type pfmdr-1-86 gene after 18 hrs by [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
99.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro activities of piperaquine, lumefantrine, and dihydroartemisinin in Kenyan Plasmodium falciparum isolates and polymorphisms in pfcrt and pfmdr1.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 12
First Page : 5069
Last Page : 5073
Authors : Mwai L, Kiara SM, Abdirahman A, Pole L, Rippert A, Diriye A, Bull P, Marsh K, Borrmann S, Nzila A.
Abstract : We have analyzed the in vitro chemosensitivity profiles of 115 Kenyan isolates for chloroquine (CQ), piperaquine, lumefantrine (LM), and dihydroartemisinin in association with polymorphisms in pfcrt at codon 76 and pfmdr1 at codon 86, as well as with variations of the copy number of pfmdr1. The median drug concentrations that inhibit 50% of parasite growth (IC(50)s) were 41 nM (interquartile range [IQR], 18 to 73 nM), 50 nM (IQR, 29 to 96 nM), 32 nM (IQR, 17 to 46 nM), and 2 nM (IQR, 1 to 3 nM) for CQ, LM, piperaquine, and dihydroartemisinin, respectively. The activity of CQ correlated inversely with that of LM (r(2) = -0.26; P = 0.02). Interestingly, parasites for which LM IC(50)s were higher were wild type for pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86. All isolates had one pfmdr1 copy. Thus, the decrease in LM activity is associated with the selection of wild-type pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86 parasites, a feature that accounts for the inverse relationship between CQ and LM. Therefore, the use of LM-artemether is likely to lead to the selection of more CQ-susceptible parasites.
|
Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum harboring wild type pfcrt-76 and mutant pfmdr-1-86 gene after 18 hrs by [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
63.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro activities of piperaquine, lumefantrine, and dihydroartemisinin in Kenyan Plasmodium falciparum isolates and polymorphisms in pfcrt and pfmdr1.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 12
First Page : 5069
Last Page : 5073
Authors : Mwai L, Kiara SM, Abdirahman A, Pole L, Rippert A, Diriye A, Bull P, Marsh K, Borrmann S, Nzila A.
Abstract : We have analyzed the in vitro chemosensitivity profiles of 115 Kenyan isolates for chloroquine (CQ), piperaquine, lumefantrine (LM), and dihydroartemisinin in association with polymorphisms in pfcrt at codon 76 and pfmdr1 at codon 86, as well as with variations of the copy number of pfmdr1. The median drug concentrations that inhibit 50% of parasite growth (IC(50)s) were 41 nM (interquartile range [IQR], 18 to 73 nM), 50 nM (IQR, 29 to 96 nM), 32 nM (IQR, 17 to 46 nM), and 2 nM (IQR, 1 to 3 nM) for CQ, LM, piperaquine, and dihydroartemisinin, respectively. The activity of CQ correlated inversely with that of LM (r(2) = -0.26; P = 0.02). Interestingly, parasites for which LM IC(50)s were higher were wild type for pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86. All isolates had one pfmdr1 copy. Thus, the decrease in LM activity is associated with the selection of wild-type pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86 parasites, a feature that accounts for the inverse relationship between CQ and LM. Therefore, the use of LM-artemether is likely to lead to the selection of more CQ-susceptible parasites.
|
Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum harboring wild type pfcrt-76 and wild type pfmdr-1-86 gene after 18 hrs by [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
173.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : In vitro activities of piperaquine, lumefantrine, and dihydroartemisinin in Kenyan Plasmodium falciparum isolates and polymorphisms in pfcrt and pfmdr1.
Year : 2009
Volume : 53
Issue : 12
First Page : 5069
Last Page : 5073
Authors : Mwai L, Kiara SM, Abdirahman A, Pole L, Rippert A, Diriye A, Bull P, Marsh K, Borrmann S, Nzila A.
Abstract : We have analyzed the in vitro chemosensitivity profiles of 115 Kenyan isolates for chloroquine (CQ), piperaquine, lumefantrine (LM), and dihydroartemisinin in association with polymorphisms in pfcrt at codon 76 and pfmdr1 at codon 86, as well as with variations of the copy number of pfmdr1. The median drug concentrations that inhibit 50% of parasite growth (IC(50)s) were 41 nM (interquartile range [IQR], 18 to 73 nM), 50 nM (IQR, 29 to 96 nM), 32 nM (IQR, 17 to 46 nM), and 2 nM (IQR, 1 to 3 nM) for CQ, LM, piperaquine, and dihydroartemisinin, respectively. The activity of CQ correlated inversely with that of LM (r(2) = -0.26; P = 0.02). Interestingly, parasites for which LM IC(50)s were higher were wild type for pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86. All isolates had one pfmdr1 copy. Thus, the decrease in LM activity is associated with the selection of wild-type pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86 parasites, a feature that accounts for the inverse relationship between CQ and LM. Therefore, the use of LM-artemether is likely to lead to the selection of more CQ-susceptible parasites.
|
Antimalarial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum W2mef infected in human erythrocytes assessed as inhibition of [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation after 48 hrs by beta liquid scintillation counting method
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
56.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and antimalarial evaluation of novel isocryptolepine derivatives.
Year : 2011
Volume : 19
Issue : 24
First Page : 7519
Last Page : 7525
Authors : Whittell LR, Batty KT, Wong RP, Bolitho EM, Fox SA, Davis TM, Murray PE.
Abstract : A series of mono- and di-substituted analogues of isocryptolepine have been synthesized and evaluated for in vitro antimalarial activity against chloroquine sensitive (3D7) and resistant (W2mef) Plasmodium falciparum and for cytotoxicity (3T3 cells). Di-halogenated compounds were the most potent derivatives and 8-bromo-2-chloroisocryptolepine displayed the highest selectivity index (106; the ratio of cytotoxicity (IC(50)=9005 nM) to antimalarial activity (IC(50)=85 nM)). Our evaluation of novel isocryptolepine compounds has demonstrated that di-halogenated derivatives are promising antimalarial lead compounds.
|
Antiplasmodial activity against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum W2 infected in human erythrocytes
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
0.45
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Recent advances in malaria drug discovery.
Year : 2013
Volume : 23
Issue : 10
First Page : 2829
Last Page : 2843
Authors : Biamonte MA, Wanner J, Le Roch KG.
Abstract : This digest covers some of the most relevant progress in malaria drug discovery published between 2010 and 2012. There is an urgent need to develop new antimalarial drugs. Such drugs can target the blood stage of the disease to alleviate the symptoms, the liver stage to prevent relapses, and the transmission stage to protect other humans. The pipeline for the blood stage is becoming robust, but this should not be a source of complacency, as the current therapies set a high standard. Drug discovery efforts directed towards the liver and transmission stages are in their infancy but are receiving increasing attention as targeting these stages could be instrumental in eradicating malaria.
|
Antimalarial activity against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum D10 infected in human type A-positive red blood cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by spectrophotometrically
|
Plasmodium falciparum D10
|
12.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and evaluation of the antiplasmodial activity of novel indeno[2,1-c]quinoline derivatives.
Year : 2014
Volume : 22
Issue : 21
First Page : 5757
Last Page : 5765
Authors : Barteselli A, Parapini S, Basilico N, Mommo D, Sparatore A.
Abstract : With the aim to explore the potentiality of new chemical scaffolds for the design of new antimalarials, a set of new indeno[2,1-c]quinolines bearing different basic heads has been synthesized and tested in vitro against chloroquine sensitive (CQ-S) and chloroquine resistant (CQ-R) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Most of the synthesized compounds exhibited a moderate antiplasmodial activity, inhibiting the growth of both CQ-S and CQ-R strains of P. falciparum with IC50 ranging from 0.24 to 6.9 μM and with a very low resistance index. The most potent compounds (1.2-1.3-fold the CQ on the W-2 strain) can be considered as promising 'lead compounds' to be further optimized to improve efficacy and selectivity against Plasmodia.
|
Antimalarial activity against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 infected in human type A-positive red blood cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by spectrophotometrically
|
Plasmodium falciparum 3D7
|
12.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and evaluation of the antiplasmodial activity of novel indeno[2,1-c]quinoline derivatives.
Year : 2014
Volume : 22
Issue : 21
First Page : 5757
Last Page : 5765
Authors : Barteselli A, Parapini S, Basilico N, Mommo D, Sparatore A.
Abstract : With the aim to explore the potentiality of new chemical scaffolds for the design of new antimalarials, a set of new indeno[2,1-c]quinolines bearing different basic heads has been synthesized and tested in vitro against chloroquine sensitive (CQ-S) and chloroquine resistant (CQ-R) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Most of the synthesized compounds exhibited a moderate antiplasmodial activity, inhibiting the growth of both CQ-S and CQ-R strains of P. falciparum with IC50 ranging from 0.24 to 6.9 μM and with a very low resistance index. The most potent compounds (1.2-1.3-fold the CQ on the W-2 strain) can be considered as promising 'lead compounds' to be further optimized to improve efficacy and selectivity against Plasmodia.
|
Antimalarial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum W2 infected in human type A-positive red blood cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by spectrophotometrically
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
12.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and evaluation of the antiplasmodial activity of novel indeno[2,1-c]quinoline derivatives.
Year : 2014
Volume : 22
Issue : 21
First Page : 5757
Last Page : 5765
Authors : Barteselli A, Parapini S, Basilico N, Mommo D, Sparatore A.
Abstract : With the aim to explore the potentiality of new chemical scaffolds for the design of new antimalarials, a set of new indeno[2,1-c]quinolines bearing different basic heads has been synthesized and tested in vitro against chloroquine sensitive (CQ-S) and chloroquine resistant (CQ-R) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Most of the synthesized compounds exhibited a moderate antiplasmodial activity, inhibiting the growth of both CQ-S and CQ-R strains of P. falciparum with IC50 ranging from 0.24 to 6.9 μM and with a very low resistance index. The most potent compounds (1.2-1.3-fold the CQ on the W-2 strain) can be considered as promising 'lead compounds' to be further optimized to improve efficacy and selectivity against Plasmodia.
|
Inhibition of human ERG by fluorescence polarization assay
|
Homo sapiens
|
377.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : 3-Hydroxy-N'-arylidenepropanehydrazonamides with Halo-Substituted Phenanthrene Scaffolds Cure P. berghei Infected Mice When Administered Perorally.
Year : 2017
Volume : 60
Issue : 14
First Page : 6036
Last Page : 6044
Authors : Leven M, Knaab TC, Held J, Duffy S, Meister S, Fischli C, Meitzner D, Lehmann U, Lungerich B, Kuna K, Stahlke P, Delves MJ, Buchholz M, Winzeler EA, Avery VM, Mordmüller B, Wittlin S, Kurz T.
Abstract : Structural optimization of 3-hydroxy-N'-arylidenepropanehydrazonamides provided new analogs with nanomolar to subnanomolar antiplasmodial activity against asexual blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum, excellent parasite selectivity, and nanomolar activity against the earliest forms of gametocyte development. Particularly, derivatives with a 1,3-dihalo-6-trifluoromethylphenanthrene moiety showed outstanding in vivo properties and demonstrated in part curative activity in the Plasmodium berghei mouse model when administered perorally.
|
Antiviral activity determined as inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 induced cytotoxicity of Caco-2 cells at 10 uM after 48 hours by high content imaging
|
Homo sapiens
|
0.68
%
|
|
Title : Identification of inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 in-vitro cellular toxicity in human (Caco-2) cells using a large scale drug repurposing collection
Year : 2020
Authors : Bernhard Ellinger, Denisa Bojkova, Andrea Zaliani, Jindrich Cinatl, Carsten Claussen, Sandra Westhaus, Jeanette Reinshagen, Maria Kuzikov, Markus Wolf, Gerd Geisslinger, Philip Gribbon, Sandra Ciesek
Abstract : To identify possible candidates for progression towards clinical studies against SARS-CoV-2, we screened a well-defined collection of 5632 compounds including 3488 compounds which have undergone clinical investigations (marketed drugs, phases 1 -3, and withdrawn) across 600 indications. Compounds were screened for their inhibition of viral induced cytotoxicity using the human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2 and a SARS-CoV-2 isolate. The primary screen of 5632 compounds gave 271 hits. A total of 64 compounds with IC50 <20 µM were identified, including 19 compounds with IC50 < 1 µM. Of this confirmed hit population, 90% have not yet been previously reported as active against SARS-CoV-2 in-vitro cell assays. Some 37 of the actives are launched drugs, 19 are in phases 1-3 and 10 pre-clinical. Several inhibitors were associated with modulation of host pathways including kinase signaling P53 activation, ubiquitin pathways and PDE activity modulation, with long chain acyl transferases were effective viral inhibitors.
|
Antimalarial activity against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum Dd2 infected in human erythrocytes by SYBR green 1-based fluorescence assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
5.7
nM
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Discovery and Structural Optimization of Acridones as Broad-Spectrum Antimalarials.
Year : 2019
Volume : 62
Issue : 7
First Page : 3475
Last Page : 3502
Authors : Dodean RA, Kancharla P, Li Y, Melendez V, Read L, Bane CE, Vesely B, Kreishman-Deitrick M, Black C, Li Q, Sciotti RJ, Olmeda R, Luong TL, Gaona H, Potter B, Sousa J, Marcsisin S, Caridha D, Xie L, Vuong C, Zeng Q, Zhang J, Zhang P, Lin H, Butler K, Roncal N, Gaynor-Ohnstad L, Leed SE, Nolan C, Huezo SJ, Rasmussen SA, Stephens MT, Tan JC, Cooper RA, Smilkstein MJ, Pou S, Winter RW, Riscoe MK, Kelly JX.
Abstract : Malaria remains one of the deadliest diseases in the world today. Novel chemoprophylactic and chemotherapeutic antimalarials are needed to support the renewed eradication agenda. We have discovered a novel antimalarial acridone chemotype with dual-stage activity against both liver-stage and blood-stage malaria. Several lead compounds generated from structural optimization of a large library of novel acridones exhibit efficacy in the following systems: (1) picomolar inhibition of in vitro Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage growth against multidrug-resistant parasites; (2) curative efficacy after oral administration in an erythrocytic Plasmodium yoelii murine malaria model; (3) prevention of in vitro Plasmodium berghei sporozoite-induced development in human hepatocytes; and (4) protection of in vivo P. berghei sporozoite-induced infection in mice. This study offers the first account of liver-stage antimalarial activity in an acridone chemotype. Details of the design, chemistry, structure-activity relationships, safety, metabolic/pharmacokinetic studies, and mechanistic investigation are presented herein.
|
Antimalarial activity against drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum Dd2 harboring V259L mutant infected in human erythrocytes after 72 hrs by SYBR green 1-based fluorescence assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
6.5
nM
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Discovery and Structural Optimization of Acridones as Broad-Spectrum Antimalarials.
Year : 2019
Volume : 62
Issue : 7
First Page : 3475
Last Page : 3502
Authors : Dodean RA, Kancharla P, Li Y, Melendez V, Read L, Bane CE, Vesely B, Kreishman-Deitrick M, Black C, Li Q, Sciotti RJ, Olmeda R, Luong TL, Gaona H, Potter B, Sousa J, Marcsisin S, Caridha D, Xie L, Vuong C, Zeng Q, Zhang J, Zhang P, Lin H, Butler K, Roncal N, Gaynor-Ohnstad L, Leed SE, Nolan C, Huezo SJ, Rasmussen SA, Stephens MT, Tan JC, Cooper RA, Smilkstein MJ, Pou S, Winter RW, Riscoe MK, Kelly JX.
Abstract : Malaria remains one of the deadliest diseases in the world today. Novel chemoprophylactic and chemotherapeutic antimalarials are needed to support the renewed eradication agenda. We have discovered a novel antimalarial acridone chemotype with dual-stage activity against both liver-stage and blood-stage malaria. Several lead compounds generated from structural optimization of a large library of novel acridones exhibit efficacy in the following systems: (1) picomolar inhibition of in vitro Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage growth against multidrug-resistant parasites; (2) curative efficacy after oral administration in an erythrocytic Plasmodium yoelii murine malaria model; (3) prevention of in vitro Plasmodium berghei sporozoite-induced development in human hepatocytes; and (4) protection of in vivo P. berghei sporozoite-induced infection in mice. This study offers the first account of liver-stage antimalarial activity in an acridone chemotype. Details of the design, chemistry, structure-activity relationships, safety, metabolic/pharmacokinetic studies, and mechanistic investigation are presented herein.
|
Antimalarial activity against drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum Dd2 harboring M133I/A138T double mutant infected in human erythrocytes after 72 hrs by SYBR green 1-based fluorescence assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
3.6
nM
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Discovery and Structural Optimization of Acridones as Broad-Spectrum Antimalarials.
Year : 2019
Volume : 62
Issue : 7
First Page : 3475
Last Page : 3502
Authors : Dodean RA, Kancharla P, Li Y, Melendez V, Read L, Bane CE, Vesely B, Kreishman-Deitrick M, Black C, Li Q, Sciotti RJ, Olmeda R, Luong TL, Gaona H, Potter B, Sousa J, Marcsisin S, Caridha D, Xie L, Vuong C, Zeng Q, Zhang J, Zhang P, Lin H, Butler K, Roncal N, Gaynor-Ohnstad L, Leed SE, Nolan C, Huezo SJ, Rasmussen SA, Stephens MT, Tan JC, Cooper RA, Smilkstein MJ, Pou S, Winter RW, Riscoe MK, Kelly JX.
Abstract : Malaria remains one of the deadliest diseases in the world today. Novel chemoprophylactic and chemotherapeutic antimalarials are needed to support the renewed eradication agenda. We have discovered a novel antimalarial acridone chemotype with dual-stage activity against both liver-stage and blood-stage malaria. Several lead compounds generated from structural optimization of a large library of novel acridones exhibit efficacy in the following systems: (1) picomolar inhibition of in vitro Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage growth against multidrug-resistant parasites; (2) curative efficacy after oral administration in an erythrocytic Plasmodium yoelii murine malaria model; (3) prevention of in vitro Plasmodium berghei sporozoite-induced development in human hepatocytes; and (4) protection of in vivo P. berghei sporozoite-induced infection in mice. This study offers the first account of liver-stage antimalarial activity in an acridone chemotype. Details of the design, chemistry, structure-activity relationships, safety, metabolic/pharmacokinetic studies, and mechanistic investigation are presented herein.
|
Antimalarial activity against drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum Dd2 harboring M133I mutant infected in human erythrocytes after 72 hrs by SYBR green 1-based fluorescence assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
3.6
nM
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Discovery and Structural Optimization of Acridones as Broad-Spectrum Antimalarials.
Year : 2019
Volume : 62
Issue : 7
First Page : 3475
Last Page : 3502
Authors : Dodean RA, Kancharla P, Li Y, Melendez V, Read L, Bane CE, Vesely B, Kreishman-Deitrick M, Black C, Li Q, Sciotti RJ, Olmeda R, Luong TL, Gaona H, Potter B, Sousa J, Marcsisin S, Caridha D, Xie L, Vuong C, Zeng Q, Zhang J, Zhang P, Lin H, Butler K, Roncal N, Gaynor-Ohnstad L, Leed SE, Nolan C, Huezo SJ, Rasmussen SA, Stephens MT, Tan JC, Cooper RA, Smilkstein MJ, Pou S, Winter RW, Riscoe MK, Kelly JX.
Abstract : Malaria remains one of the deadliest diseases in the world today. Novel chemoprophylactic and chemotherapeutic antimalarials are needed to support the renewed eradication agenda. We have discovered a novel antimalarial acridone chemotype with dual-stage activity against both liver-stage and blood-stage malaria. Several lead compounds generated from structural optimization of a large library of novel acridones exhibit efficacy in the following systems: (1) picomolar inhibition of in vitro Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage growth against multidrug-resistant parasites; (2) curative efficacy after oral administration in an erythrocytic Plasmodium yoelii murine malaria model; (3) prevention of in vitro Plasmodium berghei sporozoite-induced development in human hepatocytes; and (4) protection of in vivo P. berghei sporozoite-induced infection in mice. This study offers the first account of liver-stage antimalarial activity in an acridone chemotype. Details of the design, chemistry, structure-activity relationships, safety, metabolic/pharmacokinetic studies, and mechanistic investigation are presented herein.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 infected in human erythrocytes after 72 hrs by SYBR green 1-based fluorescence assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
3.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Discovery and Structural Optimization of Acridones as Broad-Spectrum Antimalarials.
Year : 2019
Volume : 62
Issue : 7
First Page : 3475
Last Page : 3502
Authors : Dodean RA, Kancharla P, Li Y, Melendez V, Read L, Bane CE, Vesely B, Kreishman-Deitrick M, Black C, Li Q, Sciotti RJ, Olmeda R, Luong TL, Gaona H, Potter B, Sousa J, Marcsisin S, Caridha D, Xie L, Vuong C, Zeng Q, Zhang J, Zhang P, Lin H, Butler K, Roncal N, Gaynor-Ohnstad L, Leed SE, Nolan C, Huezo SJ, Rasmussen SA, Stephens MT, Tan JC, Cooper RA, Smilkstein MJ, Pou S, Winter RW, Riscoe MK, Kelly JX.
Abstract : Malaria remains one of the deadliest diseases in the world today. Novel chemoprophylactic and chemotherapeutic antimalarials are needed to support the renewed eradication agenda. We have discovered a novel antimalarial acridone chemotype with dual-stage activity against both liver-stage and blood-stage malaria. Several lead compounds generated from structural optimization of a large library of novel acridones exhibit efficacy in the following systems: (1) picomolar inhibition of in vitro Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage growth against multidrug-resistant parasites; (2) curative efficacy after oral administration in an erythrocytic Plasmodium yoelii murine malaria model; (3) prevention of in vitro Plasmodium berghei sporozoite-induced development in human hepatocytes; and (4) protection of in vivo P. berghei sporozoite-induced infection in mice. This study offers the first account of liver-stage antimalarial activity in an acridone chemotype. Details of the design, chemistry, structure-activity relationships, safety, metabolic/pharmacokinetic studies, and mechanistic investigation are presented herein.
|
Antimalarial activity against drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 harboring A82T/V259L double mutant infected in human erythrocytes after 72 hrs by SYBR green 1-based fluorescence assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
4.5
nM
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Discovery and Structural Optimization of Acridones as Broad-Spectrum Antimalarials.
Year : 2019
Volume : 62
Issue : 7
First Page : 3475
Last Page : 3502
Authors : Dodean RA, Kancharla P, Li Y, Melendez V, Read L, Bane CE, Vesely B, Kreishman-Deitrick M, Black C, Li Q, Sciotti RJ, Olmeda R, Luong TL, Gaona H, Potter B, Sousa J, Marcsisin S, Caridha D, Xie L, Vuong C, Zeng Q, Zhang J, Zhang P, Lin H, Butler K, Roncal N, Gaynor-Ohnstad L, Leed SE, Nolan C, Huezo SJ, Rasmussen SA, Stephens MT, Tan JC, Cooper RA, Smilkstein MJ, Pou S, Winter RW, Riscoe MK, Kelly JX.
Abstract : Malaria remains one of the deadliest diseases in the world today. Novel chemoprophylactic and chemotherapeutic antimalarials are needed to support the renewed eradication agenda. We have discovered a novel antimalarial acridone chemotype with dual-stage activity against both liver-stage and blood-stage malaria. Several lead compounds generated from structural optimization of a large library of novel acridones exhibit efficacy in the following systems: (1) picomolar inhibition of in vitro Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage growth against multidrug-resistant parasites; (2) curative efficacy after oral administration in an erythrocytic Plasmodium yoelii murine malaria model; (3) prevention of in vitro Plasmodium berghei sporozoite-induced development in human hepatocytes; and (4) protection of in vivo P. berghei sporozoite-induced infection in mice. This study offers the first account of liver-stage antimalarial activity in an acridone chemotype. Details of the design, chemistry, structure-activity relationships, safety, metabolic/pharmacokinetic studies, and mechanistic investigation are presented herein.
|
SARS-CoV-2 3CL-Pro protease inhibition percentage at 20µM by FRET kind of response from peptide substrate
|
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
|
1.6
%
|
|
SARS-CoV-2 3CL-Pro protease inhibition percentage at 20µM by FRET kind of response from peptide substrate
|
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
|
8.614
%
|
|
Title : Identification of inhibitors of SARS-Cov2 M-Pro enzymatic activity using a small molecule repurposing screen
Year : 2020
Authors : Maria Kuzikov, Elisa Costanzi, Jeanette Reinshagen, Francesca Esposito, Laura Vangeel, Markus Wolf, Bernhard Ellinger, Carsten Claussen, Gerd Geisslinger, Angela Corona, Daniela Iaconis, Carmine Talarico, Candida Manelfi, Rolando Cannalire, Giulia Rossetti, Jonas Gossen, Simone Albani, Francesco Musiani, Katja Herzog, Yang Ye, Barbara Giabbai, Nicola Demitri, Dirk Jochmans, Steven De Jonghe, Jasper Rymenants, Vincenzo Summa, Enzo Tramontano, Andrea R. Beccari, Pieter Leyssen, Paola Storici, Johan Neyts, Philip Gribbon, and Andrea Zaliani
Abstract : Compound repurposing is an important strategy being pursued in the identification of effective treatment against the SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease. In this regard, SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M-Pro), also termed 3CL-Pro, is an attractive drug target as it plays a central role in viral replication by processing the viral polyprotein into 11 non-structural proteins. We report the results of a screening campaign involving ca 8.7 K compounds containing marketed drugs, clinical and preclinical candidates, and chemicals regarded as safe in humans. We confirmed previously reported inhibitors of 3CL-Pro, but we have also identified 68 compounds with IC50 lower than 1 uM and 127 compounds with IC50 lower than 5 uM. Profiling showed 67% of confirmed hits were selective (> 5 fold) against other Cys- and Ser- proteases (Chymotrypsin and Cathepsin-L) and MERS 3CL-Pro. Selected compounds were also analysed in their binding characteristics.
|
Antiviral activity determined as inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 induced cytotoxicity of VERO-6 cells at 10 uM after 48 hours exposure to 0.01 MOI SARS CoV-2 virus by high content imaging
|
Chlorocebus sabaeus
|
-0.03
%
|
|
Antiviral activity determined as inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 induced cytotoxicity of VERO-6 cells at 10 uM after 48 hours exposure to 0.01 MOI SARS CoV-2 virus by high content imaging
|
Chlorocebus sabaeus
|
-0.03
%
|
|
Antiviral activity determined as inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 induced cytotoxicity of VERO-6 cells at 10 uM after 48 hours exposure to 0.01 MOI SARS CoV-2 virus by high content imaging
|
Chlorocebus sabaeus
|
-0.03
%
|
|
Antiviral activity determined as inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 induced cytotoxicity of VERO-6 cells at 10 uM after 48 hours exposure to 0.01 MOI SARS CoV-2 virus by high content imaging
|
Chlorocebus sabaeus
|
-0.03
%
|
|
Title : Cytopathic SARS-Cov2 screening on VERO-E6 cells in a large repurposing effort
Year : 2020
Authors : Andrea Zaliani, Laura Vangeel, Jeanette Reinshagen, Daniela Iaconis, Maria Kuzikov, Oliver Keminer, Markus Wolf, Bernhard Ellinger, Francesca Esposito, Angela Corona, Enzo Tramontano, Candida Manelfi, Katja Herzog, Dirk Jochmans, Steven De Jonghe, Winston Chiu, Thibault Francken, Joost Schepers, Caroline Collard, Kayvan Abbasi, Carsten Claussen , Vincenzo Summa, Andrea R. Beccari, Johan Neyts, Philip Gribbon and Pieter Leyssen
Abstract : Worldwide, there are intensive efforts to identify repurposed drugs as potential therapies against SARS-CoV-2 infection and the associated COVID-19 disease. To date, the anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone and (to a lesser extent) the RNA-polymerase inhibitor remdesivir have been shown to be effective in reducing mortality and patient time to recovery, respectively, in patients. Here, we report the results of a phenotypic screening campaign within an EU-funded project (H2020-EXSCALATE4COV) aimed at extending the repertoire of anti-COVID therapeutics through repurposing of available compounds and highlighting compounds with new mechanisms of action against viral infection. We screened 8702 molecules from different repurposing libraries, to reveal 110 compounds with an anti-cytopathic IC50 < 20 µM. From this group, 18 with a safety index greater than 2 are also marketed drugs, making them suitable for further study as potential therapies against COVID-19. Our result supports the idea that a systematic approach to repurposing is a valid strategy to accelerate the necessary drug discovery process.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates measured after 72 hrs by SYBR green dye based fluorescence assay
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
4.2
nM
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Lead Optimization of Second-Generation Acridones as Broad-Spectrum Antimalarials.
Year : 2020
Volume : 63
Issue : 11
First Page : 6179
Last Page : 6202
Authors : Kancharla P, Dodean RA, Li Y, Pou S, Pybus B, Melendez V, Read L, Bane CE, Vesely B, Kreishman-Deitrick M, Black C, Li Q, Sciotti RJ, Olmeda R, Luong TL, Gaona H, Potter B, Sousa J, Marcsisin S, Caridha D, Xie L, Vuong C, Zeng Q, Zhang J, Zhang P, Lin H, Butler K, Roncal N, Gaynor-Ohnstad L, Leed SE, Nolan C, Ceja FG, Rasmussen SA, Tumwebaze PK, Rosenthal PJ, Mu J, Bayles BR, Cooper RA, Reynolds KA, Smilkstein MJ, Riscoe MK, Kelly JX.
Abstract : The global impact of malaria remains staggering despite extensive efforts to eradicate the disease. With increasing drug resistance and the absence of a clinically available vaccine, there is an urgent need for novel, affordable, and safe drugs for prevention and treatment of malaria. Previously, we described a novel antimalarial acridone chemotype that is potent against both blood-stage and liver-stage malaria parasites. Here, we describe an optimization process that has produced a second-generation acridone series with significant improvements in efficacy, metabolic stability, pharmacokinetics, and safety profiles. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of dual-stage targeting acridones as novel drug candidates for further preclinical development.
|
Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7A asexual forms assessed as inhibition of [G-3H]hypoxanthine uptake incubated for 24 hrs followed by [G-3H]hypoxanthine addition and measured after 18 hrs by liquid scintillation spectrometry
|
Plasmodium falciparum
|
3.2
nM
|
|
Journal : Eur J Med Chem
Title : Current progress in antimalarial pharmacotherapy and multi-target drug discovery.
Year : 2020
Volume : 188
First Page : 111983
Last Page : 111983
Authors : Tibon NS,Ng CH,Cheong SL
Abstract : Discovery and development of antimalarial drugs have long been dominated by single-target therapy. Continuous effort has been made to explore and identify different targets in malaria parasite crucial for the malaria treatment. The single-target drug therapy was initially successful, but it was later supplanted by combination therapy with multiple drugs to overcome drug resistance. Emergence of resistant strains even against the combination therapy has warranted a review of current antimalarial pharmacotherapy. This has led to the development of the new concept of covalent biotherapy, in which two or more pharmacophores are chemically bound to produce hybrid antimalarial drugs with multi-target functionalities. Herein, the review initially details the current pharmacotherapy for malaria as well as the conventional and novel targets of importance identified in the malaria parasite. Then, the rationale of multi-targeted therapy for malaria, approaches taken to develop the multi-target antimalarial hybrids, and the examples of hybrid molecules are comprehensively enumerated and discussed.
