|
Inhibitory concentration of compound rwas calculated on 3T3 cells by [3H]Thd incorporation
|
Mus musculus
|
500.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : 2-Thio derivatives of dUrd and 5-fluoro-dUrd and their 5'-monophosphates: synthesis, interaction with tumor thymidylate synthase, and in vitro antitumor activity.
Year : 1993
Volume : 36
Issue : 23
First Page : 3611
Last Page : 3617
Authors : Bretner M, Kulikowski T, Dzik JM, Balińska M, Rode W, Shugar D.
Abstract : A convenient synthesis of 5-fluoro-2-thiouracil (11) is based on hydrolytic deamination of 5-fluoro-2-thiocytosine (9). Lewis acid-catalyzed condensation of di-TMS-5-fluoro-2-thiouracil (13) or di-TMS-2-thiouracil (14) with 2-deoxy-3,5-di-O-p-toluyl-D-ribofuranosyl chloride (15) led to mixtures of the beta- and alpha-anomers of 3',5'-toluylated 2'-deoxy-5-fluoro-2-thiouridine (16 and 18) or 2'-deoxy-2-thiouridine (17 and 19), each of which was deblocked with MeOH-NH3 to give the desired free anomeric nucleoside pairs 1, 5 and 3, 7, respectively. These were selectively converted to the corresponding 5'-monophosphates 2, 6 and 4, 8, with the aid of the wheat shoot phosphotransferase system. Conformations of the nucleosides 1, 3, 5, 7 are deduced from 1H NMR spectra, and circular dichroism spectra for nucleotide anomeric pairs 2, 6 and 4, 8 are reported. Whereas beta-2-thio-dUMP (4) was a good substrate (Km approximately 10(-5) M), beta-5-fluoro-2-thio-dUMP (2) proved to be a potent competitive, slow-binding inhibitor (Ki approximately 10(-8) M) of the purified enzymes from Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and L1210 cells. The alpha-anomer 6 was a weak inhibitor, with Ki in the mM range, and its congener 8 hardly interacted with the enzyme. The beta-anomer 1 exhibited antitumor activity in a mouse leukemic cell line L5178Y (IC50 approximately 10(-6) M), hence 40-100-fold weaker than 5-fluoro-dUrd. Its alpha-anomer 5 was 10-fold less active, but exhibited at least 10-fold higher selectivity with respect to the tumor cells than the beta-anomer 1.
|
Inhibitory concentration of compound was calculated on 3T3 cells by using clonal assay
|
Mus musculus
|
600.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : 2-Thio derivatives of dUrd and 5-fluoro-dUrd and their 5'-monophosphates: synthesis, interaction with tumor thymidylate synthase, and in vitro antitumor activity.
Year : 1993
Volume : 36
Issue : 23
First Page : 3611
Last Page : 3617
Authors : Bretner M, Kulikowski T, Dzik JM, Balińska M, Rode W, Shugar D.
Abstract : A convenient synthesis of 5-fluoro-2-thiouracil (11) is based on hydrolytic deamination of 5-fluoro-2-thiocytosine (9). Lewis acid-catalyzed condensation of di-TMS-5-fluoro-2-thiouracil (13) or di-TMS-2-thiouracil (14) with 2-deoxy-3,5-di-O-p-toluyl-D-ribofuranosyl chloride (15) led to mixtures of the beta- and alpha-anomers of 3',5'-toluylated 2'-deoxy-5-fluoro-2-thiouridine (16 and 18) or 2'-deoxy-2-thiouridine (17 and 19), each of which was deblocked with MeOH-NH3 to give the desired free anomeric nucleoside pairs 1, 5 and 3, 7, respectively. These were selectively converted to the corresponding 5'-monophosphates 2, 6 and 4, 8, with the aid of the wheat shoot phosphotransferase system. Conformations of the nucleosides 1, 3, 5, 7 are deduced from 1H NMR spectra, and circular dichroism spectra for nucleotide anomeric pairs 2, 6 and 4, 8 are reported. Whereas beta-2-thio-dUMP (4) was a good substrate (Km approximately 10(-5) M), beta-5-fluoro-2-thio-dUMP (2) proved to be a potent competitive, slow-binding inhibitor (Ki approximately 10(-8) M) of the purified enzymes from Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and L1210 cells. The alpha-anomer 6 was a weak inhibitor, with Ki in the mM range, and its congener 8 hardly interacted with the enzyme. The beta-anomer 1 exhibited antitumor activity in a mouse leukemic cell line L5178Y (IC50 approximately 10(-6) M), hence 40-100-fold weaker than 5-fluoro-dUrd. Its alpha-anomer 5 was 10-fold less active, but exhibited at least 10-fold higher selectivity with respect to the tumor cells than the beta-anomer 1.
|
Tested for cytotoxicity against antigen positive 791T osteosarcoma cells having only 3-5% antigen expression
|
Homo sapiens
|
0.8
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis of 2'-deoxyuridine and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine derivatives and evaluation in antibody targeting studies.
Year : 1993
Volume : 36
Issue : 11
First Page : 1570
Last Page : 1579
Authors : Henn TF, Garnett MC, Chhabra SR, Bycroft BW, Baldwin RW.
Abstract : Derivatives of 2'-deoxyuridine and of the anticancer agent 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUR) were linked indirectly via a human serum albumin carrier (HSA) to the murine antiosteosarcoma monoclonal antibody 791T/36. Starting from the 2'-deoxyuridines 1a and 1b, the new nucleosides containing 5'-succinamic acid 7 and 5'-maleamic acid 8 spacers were synthesized from the key intermediate 5'-aminonucleoside 4, and the ribofuronamidobenzoic acid 13 from ribofuranuronic acid 10. These nucleosides were linked via their spacer functionality to HSA. High molar substitution ratios (MSR: moles of drug/mole of HSA) of 25-40 for these derivative-HSA conjugates were achieved. All derivatives were less cytotoxic than the parent drug against both antigen positive osteogenic sarcoma 791T and antigen negative bladder carcinoma T24 cell lines; no IC50 was achieved with any derivative against 791T cells. The fluorodeoxyuridine-HSA conjugates were then further linked via a stable thioether bond to the mouse monoclonal antibody 791T/36. The optimum fluorinated 5'-succinamic acid immunoconjugate exhibited an IC50 of 1 microM against 791T and T24 cells, slightly better than that of fluorodeoxyuridine. The unconjugated derivative 7 was much less cytotoxic than immunoconjugate, with an IC50 of 62 microM on T24 cells, and failed to reach 50% inhibition of 791T cell growth at 290 microM concentration. Derivative 7-HSA conjugate was 10-fold less cytotoxic than the immunoconjugate against both cell lines. Immunoconjugates synthesized with the other 5-fluoro derivatives were unable to effect 50% inhibition of growth of cell lines. Nonfluorinated derivatives and their HSA conjugates and immunoconjugates exhibited no cytotoxicity.
|
Compound was tested for its inhibitory effect on the growth of AZ-521 tumor cell line from stomach.
|
Homo sapiens
|
50.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Nucleosides and nucleotides. 152. 1-(3-C-Ethynyl--D-ribo-pentofuranosyl)uracil as a broad spectrum antitumor nucleoside
Year : 1996
Volume : 6
Issue : 16
First Page : 1887
Last Page : 1892
Authors : Matsuda A, Hattori H, Tanaka M, Sasaki T
|
Tested for cytotoxicity against C170 colorectal carcinoma cell line by [75Se]selenomethionine uptake assay, in vitro
|
Homo sapiens
|
0.1
ug.mL-1
|
|
Tested for cytotoxicity against C170 colorectal carcinoma cell line by [75Se]selenomethionine uptake assay, in vitro
|
Homo sapiens
|
400.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis of 2'-deoxyuridine and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine derivatives and evaluation in antibody targeting studies.
Year : 1993
Volume : 36
Issue : 11
First Page : 1570
Last Page : 1579
Authors : Henn TF, Garnett MC, Chhabra SR, Bycroft BW, Baldwin RW.
Abstract : Derivatives of 2'-deoxyuridine and of the anticancer agent 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUR) were linked indirectly via a human serum albumin carrier (HSA) to the murine antiosteosarcoma monoclonal antibody 791T/36. Starting from the 2'-deoxyuridines 1a and 1b, the new nucleosides containing 5'-succinamic acid 7 and 5'-maleamic acid 8 spacers were synthesized from the key intermediate 5'-aminonucleoside 4, and the ribofuronamidobenzoic acid 13 from ribofuranuronic acid 10. These nucleosides were linked via their spacer functionality to HSA. High molar substitution ratios (MSR: moles of drug/mole of HSA) of 25-40 for these derivative-HSA conjugates were achieved. All derivatives were less cytotoxic than the parent drug against both antigen positive osteogenic sarcoma 791T and antigen negative bladder carcinoma T24 cell lines; no IC50 was achieved with any derivative against 791T cells. The fluorodeoxyuridine-HSA conjugates were then further linked via a stable thioether bond to the mouse monoclonal antibody 791T/36. The optimum fluorinated 5'-succinamic acid immunoconjugate exhibited an IC50 of 1 microM against 791T and T24 cells, slightly better than that of fluorodeoxyuridine. The unconjugated derivative 7 was much less cytotoxic than immunoconjugate, with an IC50 of 62 microM on T24 cells, and failed to reach 50% inhibition of 791T cell growth at 290 microM concentration. Derivative 7-HSA conjugate was 10-fold less cytotoxic than the immunoconjugate against both cell lines. Immunoconjugates synthesized with the other 5-fluoro derivatives were unable to effect 50% inhibition of growth of cell lines. Nonfluorinated derivatives and their HSA conjugates and immunoconjugates exhibited no cytotoxicity.
|
In vitro cytotoxicity of compounds were determined on Inhibition of human leukemia cell line(CCRF-CEM).
|
Homo sapiens
|
2.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological activity of aromatic amino acid phosphoramidates of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine and 1-beta-arabinofuranosylcytosine: evidence of phosphoramidase activity.
Year : 1996
Volume : 39
Issue : 23
First Page : 4569
Last Page : 4575
Authors : Abraham TW, Kalman TI, McIntee EJ, Wagner CR.
Abstract : The amino acid phosphoramidate diesters of FUdR (2) and Ara-C (6), 5-fluoro-2'-deoxy-5'-uridyl N-(1-carbomethoxy-2-phenylethyl)phosphoramidate (5a), 5-fluoro-2'-deoxy-5'- uridyl N-(1-carbomethoxy-2-indolylethyl)phosphoramidate (5b), 1-beta-arabinofuranosylcytosine 5'-N-(1-carbomethoxy-2-phenylethyl) phosphoramidate (8a), and 1-beta-arabinofuranosylcytosine 5'-N-(1-carbomethoxy-2-indolylethyl)phosphoramidate (8b), were synthesized and tested for their antitumor activity against L1210 mouse lymphocytic leukemia cells and CCRF-CEM human T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Ara-C phosphoramidates 8a,b were found to be inactive at a concentration of 100 microM, while the FUdR conjugates 5a,b exhibited IC50 values within a range of 0.30-0.40 microM. Stability studies revealed that > 99% of the phosphoramidates remained intact after incubation for > 2 days in 20% calf or 20% human serum. Intracellular thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibition studies revealed that treatment of L1210 and CCRF-CEM cells with 5a or 5b resulted in significant inhibition of TS in intact and permeabilized cells, while treatment of L929 TK- cells with these compounds did not result in inhibition of TS activity in intact cells. However, permeabilization of L929 TK- cells enhanced the activity of 5a,b toward intracellular TS by 900- and 1500-fold, respectively. In addition, incubation of cell-free extracts of CEM cells with radiolabeled 5b resulted in the rapid production of FUdR 5'-monophosphate and a lag in the generation of FUdR. Consequently, it is proposed that the metabolism of the phosphoramidate diesters of FUdR in proliferating tissue proceeds through two separate enzymatic steps involving P-N bond cleavage by an unknown phosphoramidase followed by P-O bond cleavage by phosphatases such as 5'-nucleotidase.
|
Tested in vitro for the inhibition of cell growth of human T lymphoblastoid CCRF-CEM cell line (ATCC CCL 119)
|
Homo sapiens
|
500.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Covalent analogues of DNA base-pairs and triplets. Part 2: synthesis and cytostatic activity of bis(purin-6-yl)acetylenes,-diacetylenes and related compounds.
Year : 2002
Volume : 12
Issue : 7
First Page : 1055
Last Page : 1058
Authors : Hocek M, Votruba I.
Abstract : The title bis(purin-6-yl)acetylenes, -diacetylenes, -ethylenes and -ethanes were prepared as covalent base-pair analogues starting from 6-ethynylpurines and 6-iodopurines by cross-coupling and homo-coupling reactions and hydrogenations. The bis(purin-6-yl)acetylenes and -diacetylenes exhibited significant cytostatic activity in vitro (IC(50)=0.4-1.0 micromol/l).
|
Evaluated for the inhibition of tumor cell growth of Human T-Lymphocyte cells (CEM/0)
|
Homo sapiens
|
0.0003
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and antitumor activities of novel pyrimidine derivatives of 2,3-O,O-dibenzyl-6-deoxy-L-ascorbic acid and 4,5-didehydro-5,6- dideoxy-L-ascorbic acid.
Year : 2000
Volume : 43
Issue : 25
First Page : 4806
Last Page : 4811
Authors : Raić-Malić S, Svedruzić D, Gazivoda T, Marunović A, Hergold-Brundić A, Nagl A, Balzarini J, De Clercq E, Mintas M.
Abstract : The new pyrimidine derivatives of 2,3-O, O-dibenzyl-6-deoxy-L-ascorbic acid (8-10) were synthesized by condensation of uracil and its 5-fluoro- and 5-trifluoromethyl-substituted derivatives with 4-(5,6-epoxypropyl)-2, 3-O,O-dibenzyl-L-ascorbic acid (7), while pyrimidine derivatives of 4,5-didehydro-5,6-dideoxy-L-ascorbic acid (14-17) with free C-2' and C-3' hydroxy groups in the lactone ring were obtained by debenzylation of 11-13 with boron trichloride. Z-Configuration of the C4'=C5' double bond and position of the benzyl group in the lactone ring of 14 were deduced from their (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra and connectivities in COSY, ROESY, and HMBC spectra. The exact stereostructure of 13 was confirmed by its X-ray crystal structure analysis. Of all the compounds in the series, compound 16 containing a 5-fluoro-substituted uracil ring showed the most significant antitumor activities against murine leukemia L1210/0 (IC(50) = 1.4 microg/mL), murine mammary carcinoma FM3A/0 (IC(50) = 0.78 microg/mL), and, to a lesser extent, human T-lymphocyte cells Molt4/C8 (IC(50) = 31.8 microg/mL) and CEM/0 cell lines (IC(50) = 20.9 microg/mL).
|
Compound was tested for its inhibitory effect on the growth of COLO 320DM tumor cell line from colon.
|
Homo sapiens
|
650.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Nucleosides and nucleotides. 152. 1-(3-C-Ethynyl--D-ribo-pentofuranosyl)uracil as a broad spectrum antitumor nucleoside
Year : 1996
Volume : 6
Issue : 16
First Page : 1887
Last Page : 1892
Authors : Matsuda A, Hattori H, Tanaka M, Sasaki T
|
Compound was tested for its inhibitory effect on the growth of DLD-1 tumor cell line from colon.
|
Homo sapiens
|
92.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Nucleosides and nucleotides. 152. 1-(3-C-Ethynyl--D-ribo-pentofuranosyl)uracil as a broad spectrum antitumor nucleoside
Year : 1996
Volume : 6
Issue : 16
First Page : 1887
Last Page : 1892
Authors : Matsuda A, Hattori H, Tanaka M, Sasaki T
|
Evaluated for the inhibition of tumor cell growth of murine mammary carcinoma malignant tumor cell line (FM3A/0)
|
Mus musculus
|
0.0008
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and antitumor activities of novel pyrimidine derivatives of 2,3-O,O-dibenzyl-6-deoxy-L-ascorbic acid and 4,5-didehydro-5,6- dideoxy-L-ascorbic acid.
Year : 2000
Volume : 43
Issue : 25
First Page : 4806
Last Page : 4811
Authors : Raić-Malić S, Svedruzić D, Gazivoda T, Marunović A, Hergold-Brundić A, Nagl A, Balzarini J, De Clercq E, Mintas M.
Abstract : The new pyrimidine derivatives of 2,3-O, O-dibenzyl-6-deoxy-L-ascorbic acid (8-10) were synthesized by condensation of uracil and its 5-fluoro- and 5-trifluoromethyl-substituted derivatives with 4-(5,6-epoxypropyl)-2, 3-O,O-dibenzyl-L-ascorbic acid (7), while pyrimidine derivatives of 4,5-didehydro-5,6-dideoxy-L-ascorbic acid (14-17) with free C-2' and C-3' hydroxy groups in the lactone ring were obtained by debenzylation of 11-13 with boron trichloride. Z-Configuration of the C4'=C5' double bond and position of the benzyl group in the lactone ring of 14 were deduced from their (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra and connectivities in COSY, ROESY, and HMBC spectra. The exact stereostructure of 13 was confirmed by its X-ray crystal structure analysis. Of all the compounds in the series, compound 16 containing a 5-fluoro-substituted uracil ring showed the most significant antitumor activities against murine leukemia L1210/0 (IC(50) = 1.4 microg/mL), murine mammary carcinoma FM3A/0 (IC(50) = 0.78 microg/mL), and, to a lesser extent, human T-lymphocyte cells Molt4/C8 (IC(50) = 31.8 microg/mL) and CEM/0 cell lines (IC(50) = 20.9 microg/mL).
|
Compound was tested for its inhibitory effect on the growth of HCT-15 tumor cell line from colon.
|
Homo sapiens
|
49.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Nucleosides and nucleotides. 152. 1-(3-C-Ethynyl--D-ribo-pentofuranosyl)uracil as a broad spectrum antitumor nucleoside
Year : 1996
Volume : 6
Issue : 16
First Page : 1887
Last Page : 1892
Authors : Matsuda A, Hattori H, Tanaka M, Sasaki T
|
Compound was tested for its inhibitory effect on the growth of HT1080 sarcoma tumor cell line.
|
Homo sapiens
|
120.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Nucleosides and nucleotides. 152. 1-(3-C-Ethynyl--D-ribo-pentofuranosyl)uracil as a broad spectrum antitumor nucleoside
Year : 1996
Volume : 6
Issue : 16
First Page : 1887
Last Page : 1892
Authors : Matsuda A, Hattori H, Tanaka M, Sasaki T
|
Cytotoxic concentration in prostate specific antigen (PSA) producing human LNCaP cells
|
Homo sapiens
|
69.2
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : A 5-fluorodeoxyuridine prodrug as targeted therapy for prostate cancer.
Year : 2002
Volume : 12
Issue : 17
First Page : 2459
Last Page : 2461
Authors : Mhaka A, Denmeade SR, Yao W, Isaacs JT, Khan SR.
Abstract : A method for targeted delivery of the cytotoxic agent 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FudR) (1) to sites of metastatic prostate cancer is described. The prodrug was synthesized by coupling the active drug (FudR) to the PSA-peptide via a self-cleaving diamino acid linker to produce HSSKLQ-Leu-Aib-FudR. This prodrug serves as a substrate for prostate specific antigen (PSA). This approach permitted efficient conversion of the inactive prodrug back to the active cytotoxic state by the enzymatic activity of PSA which is highly expressed by prostate cells.
|
Cytotoxic concentration in non prostate specific antigen (PSA) producing human TSU cells
|
Homo sapiens
|
58.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : A 5-fluorodeoxyuridine prodrug as targeted therapy for prostate cancer.
Year : 2002
Volume : 12
Issue : 17
First Page : 2459
Last Page : 2461
Authors : Mhaka A, Denmeade SR, Yao W, Isaacs JT, Khan SR.
Abstract : A method for targeted delivery of the cytotoxic agent 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FudR) (1) to sites of metastatic prostate cancer is described. The prodrug was synthesized by coupling the active drug (FudR) to the PSA-peptide via a self-cleaving diamino acid linker to produce HSSKLQ-Leu-Aib-FudR. This prodrug serves as a substrate for prostate specific antigen (PSA). This approach permitted efficient conversion of the inactive prodrug back to the active cytotoxic state by the enzymatic activity of PSA which is highly expressed by prostate cells.
|
Compound was tested for its inhibitory effect on the growth of KKLS tumor cell line from stomach.
|
Homo sapiens
|
760.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Nucleosides and nucleotides. 152. 1-(3-C-Ethynyl--D-ribo-pentofuranosyl)uracil as a broad spectrum antitumor nucleoside
Year : 1996
Volume : 6
Issue : 16
First Page : 1887
Last Page : 1892
Authors : Matsuda A, Hattori H, Tanaka M, Sasaki T
|
Growth inhibition in L1210 mouse leukemia cells after 2 hr treatment
|
Mus musculus
|
45.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological studies of novel nucleoside phosphoramidate prodrugs.
Year : 2001
Volume : 44
Issue : 25
First Page : 4475
Last Page : 4480
Authors : Tobias SC, Borch RF.
Abstract : A novel approach to the intracellular delivery of nucleotides using phosphoramidate-based prodrugs is described. Specifically, we have developed phosphoramidate prodrugs of the anticancer nucleotide 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'monophosphate (FdUMP). These phosphoramidate prodrugs contain an ester group that undergoes intracellular activation liberating phosphoramidate anion, which undergoes spontaneous cyclization and P-N bond cleavage to yield the nucleoside monophosphate quantitatively. In vitro evaluation of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine phosphoramidate prodrugs 2a and 3b against L1210 mouse leukemia cells show potent inhibition of cell growth (IC(50) 0.5-3 nM). Cell-based thymidylate synthase inhibition studies show that, in contrast to FUdR, the nitrofuran compound 2a is of comparable potency in wild type vs thymidine kinase deficient LM cells. This result indicates that the activation of this novel prodrug occurs via the proposed mechanism of intracellular delivery. However, naphthoquinone 3b has an IC(50) value for thymidylate synthase inhibition that is comparable to FUdR in thymidine kinase deficient cells. Further studies revealed that 3b rapidly decomposes to the nucleotide in cell culture medium, suggesting that the naphthoquinone analogue is not sufficiently stable to function as a nucleotide prodrug.
|
Growth inhibition in L1210 mouse leukemia cells after 24 h treatment
|
Mus musculus
|
4.1
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological studies of novel nucleoside phosphoramidate prodrugs.
Year : 2001
Volume : 44
Issue : 25
First Page : 4475
Last Page : 4480
Authors : Tobias SC, Borch RF.
Abstract : A novel approach to the intracellular delivery of nucleotides using phosphoramidate-based prodrugs is described. Specifically, we have developed phosphoramidate prodrugs of the anticancer nucleotide 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'monophosphate (FdUMP). These phosphoramidate prodrugs contain an ester group that undergoes intracellular activation liberating phosphoramidate anion, which undergoes spontaneous cyclization and P-N bond cleavage to yield the nucleoside monophosphate quantitatively. In vitro evaluation of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine phosphoramidate prodrugs 2a and 3b against L1210 mouse leukemia cells show potent inhibition of cell growth (IC(50) 0.5-3 nM). Cell-based thymidylate synthase inhibition studies show that, in contrast to FUdR, the nitrofuran compound 2a is of comparable potency in wild type vs thymidine kinase deficient LM cells. This result indicates that the activation of this novel prodrug occurs via the proposed mechanism of intracellular delivery. However, naphthoquinone 3b has an IC(50) value for thymidylate synthase inhibition that is comparable to FUdR in thymidine kinase deficient cells. Further studies revealed that 3b rapidly decomposes to the nucleotide in cell culture medium, suggesting that the naphthoquinone analogue is not sufficiently stable to function as a nucleotide prodrug.
|
Growth inhibition in L1210 mouse leukemia cells after 48 hr treatment
|
Mus musculus
|
0.64
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological studies of novel nucleoside phosphoramidate prodrugs.
Year : 2001
Volume : 44
Issue : 25
First Page : 4475
Last Page : 4480
Authors : Tobias SC, Borch RF.
Abstract : A novel approach to the intracellular delivery of nucleotides using phosphoramidate-based prodrugs is described. Specifically, we have developed phosphoramidate prodrugs of the anticancer nucleotide 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'monophosphate (FdUMP). These phosphoramidate prodrugs contain an ester group that undergoes intracellular activation liberating phosphoramidate anion, which undergoes spontaneous cyclization and P-N bond cleavage to yield the nucleoside monophosphate quantitatively. In vitro evaluation of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine phosphoramidate prodrugs 2a and 3b against L1210 mouse leukemia cells show potent inhibition of cell growth (IC(50) 0.5-3 nM). Cell-based thymidylate synthase inhibition studies show that, in contrast to FUdR, the nitrofuran compound 2a is of comparable potency in wild type vs thymidine kinase deficient LM cells. This result indicates that the activation of this novel prodrug occurs via the proposed mechanism of intracellular delivery. However, naphthoquinone 3b has an IC(50) value for thymidylate synthase inhibition that is comparable to FUdR in thymidine kinase deficient cells. Further studies revealed that 3b rapidly decomposes to the nucleotide in cell culture medium, suggesting that the naphthoquinone analogue is not sufficiently stable to function as a nucleotide prodrug.
|
Growth inhibition in L1210 mouse leukemia cells after 8 h treatment
|
Mus musculus
|
23.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological studies of novel nucleoside phosphoramidate prodrugs.
Year : 2001
Volume : 44
Issue : 25
First Page : 4475
Last Page : 4480
Authors : Tobias SC, Borch RF.
Abstract : A novel approach to the intracellular delivery of nucleotides using phosphoramidate-based prodrugs is described. Specifically, we have developed phosphoramidate prodrugs of the anticancer nucleotide 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'monophosphate (FdUMP). These phosphoramidate prodrugs contain an ester group that undergoes intracellular activation liberating phosphoramidate anion, which undergoes spontaneous cyclization and P-N bond cleavage to yield the nucleoside monophosphate quantitatively. In vitro evaluation of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine phosphoramidate prodrugs 2a and 3b against L1210 mouse leukemia cells show potent inhibition of cell growth (IC(50) 0.5-3 nM). Cell-based thymidylate synthase inhibition studies show that, in contrast to FUdR, the nitrofuran compound 2a is of comparable potency in wild type vs thymidine kinase deficient LM cells. This result indicates that the activation of this novel prodrug occurs via the proposed mechanism of intracellular delivery. However, naphthoquinone 3b has an IC(50) value for thymidylate synthase inhibition that is comparable to FUdR in thymidine kinase deficient cells. Further studies revealed that 3b rapidly decomposes to the nucleotide in cell culture medium, suggesting that the naphthoquinone analogue is not sufficiently stable to function as a nucleotide prodrug.
|
In vitro concentration required for 50% inhibition (IC50) of growth of L1210 mouse leukemia cells in culture.
|
Mus musculus
|
0.5
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological activity of 5-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-fluorouridine and its 5'-phosphate.
Year : 1984
Volume : 27
Issue : 1
First Page : 11
Last Page : 14
Authors : Ajmera S, Bapat AR, Danenberg K, Danenberg PV.
Abstract : 5-Fluoro-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-fluorouridine (3'-FFdUrd) and 5-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-fluorouridine 5'-phosphate (3'-FFdUMP) have been synthesized, and their interactions with thymidine (dThd) phosphorylase and thymidylate (dTMP) synthetase, respectively, have been examined. 3'-FFdUrd is not a substrate for dThd phosphorylase, but is a weak, noncompetitive inhibitor (Ki = 1.7 mM). 3'-FFdUMP inhibits dTMP synthetase competitively with deoxyuridylate (Ki = 0.13 mM) when both the substrate and inhibitor are present simultaneously. However, in the presence of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate, the inhibition increases with time in a first-order manner (konobsd = 0.029 s-1). A complex is formed between [6-3H]3'-FFdUMP and dTMP synthetase, which is isolable on nitrocellulose filters, and has a dissociation rate (koffobsd = 1.4 X 10(-2) min-1) similar to that of the potent inhibitor 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridylate (koffobsd = 1.3 X 10(-2) min-1) from its ternary complex with dTMP synthetase. These results are explained in terms of a two-stage model involving the initial formation of a reversible adsorption complex, followed by a slow conversion to a tight-binding catalytic complex.
|
In vitro cytotoxicity of compounds were determined on murine leukemia cell line (L1210).
|
Mus musculus
|
12.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological activity of aromatic amino acid phosphoramidates of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine and 1-beta-arabinofuranosylcytosine: evidence of phosphoramidase activity.
Year : 1996
Volume : 39
Issue : 23
First Page : 4569
Last Page : 4575
Authors : Abraham TW, Kalman TI, McIntee EJ, Wagner CR.
Abstract : The amino acid phosphoramidate diesters of FUdR (2) and Ara-C (6), 5-fluoro-2'-deoxy-5'-uridyl N-(1-carbomethoxy-2-phenylethyl)phosphoramidate (5a), 5-fluoro-2'-deoxy-5'- uridyl N-(1-carbomethoxy-2-indolylethyl)phosphoramidate (5b), 1-beta-arabinofuranosylcytosine 5'-N-(1-carbomethoxy-2-phenylethyl) phosphoramidate (8a), and 1-beta-arabinofuranosylcytosine 5'-N-(1-carbomethoxy-2-indolylethyl)phosphoramidate (8b), were synthesized and tested for their antitumor activity against L1210 mouse lymphocytic leukemia cells and CCRF-CEM human T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Ara-C phosphoramidates 8a,b were found to be inactive at a concentration of 100 microM, while the FUdR conjugates 5a,b exhibited IC50 values within a range of 0.30-0.40 microM. Stability studies revealed that > 99% of the phosphoramidates remained intact after incubation for > 2 days in 20% calf or 20% human serum. Intracellular thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibition studies revealed that treatment of L1210 and CCRF-CEM cells with 5a or 5b resulted in significant inhibition of TS in intact and permeabilized cells, while treatment of L929 TK- cells with these compounds did not result in inhibition of TS activity in intact cells. However, permeabilization of L929 TK- cells enhanced the activity of 5a,b toward intracellular TS by 900- and 1500-fold, respectively. In addition, incubation of cell-free extracts of CEM cells with radiolabeled 5b resulted in the rapid production of FUdR 5'-monophosphate and a lag in the generation of FUdR. Consequently, it is proposed that the metabolism of the phosphoramidate diesters of FUdR in proliferating tissue proceeds through two separate enzymatic steps involving P-N bond cleavage by an unknown phosphoramidase followed by P-O bond cleavage by phosphatases such as 5'-nucleotidase.
|
Tested in vitro for the inhibition of cell growth of mouse leukemia L1210 cell (ATCC CCL 219)
|
Mus musculus
|
20.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Covalent analogues of DNA base-pairs and triplets. Part 2: synthesis and cytostatic activity of bis(purin-6-yl)acetylenes,-diacetylenes and related compounds.
Year : 2002
Volume : 12
Issue : 7
First Page : 1055
Last Page : 1058
Authors : Hocek M, Votruba I.
Abstract : The title bis(purin-6-yl)acetylenes, -diacetylenes, -ethylenes and -ethanes were prepared as covalent base-pair analogues starting from 6-ethynylpurines and 6-iodopurines by cross-coupling and homo-coupling reactions and hydrogenations. The bis(purin-6-yl)acetylenes and -diacetylenes exhibited significant cytostatic activity in vitro (IC(50)=0.4-1.0 micromol/l).
|
Evaluated for the inhibition of tumor cell growth of murine leukemia malignant tumor cell line (L1210/0)
|
Mus musculus
|
0.0003
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and antitumor activities of novel pyrimidine derivatives of 2,3-O,O-dibenzyl-6-deoxy-L-ascorbic acid and 4,5-didehydro-5,6- dideoxy-L-ascorbic acid.
Year : 2000
Volume : 43
Issue : 25
First Page : 4806
Last Page : 4811
Authors : Raić-Malić S, Svedruzić D, Gazivoda T, Marunović A, Hergold-Brundić A, Nagl A, Balzarini J, De Clercq E, Mintas M.
Abstract : The new pyrimidine derivatives of 2,3-O, O-dibenzyl-6-deoxy-L-ascorbic acid (8-10) were synthesized by condensation of uracil and its 5-fluoro- and 5-trifluoromethyl-substituted derivatives with 4-(5,6-epoxypropyl)-2, 3-O,O-dibenzyl-L-ascorbic acid (7), while pyrimidine derivatives of 4,5-didehydro-5,6-dideoxy-L-ascorbic acid (14-17) with free C-2' and C-3' hydroxy groups in the lactone ring were obtained by debenzylation of 11-13 with boron trichloride. Z-Configuration of the C4'=C5' double bond and position of the benzyl group in the lactone ring of 14 were deduced from their (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra and connectivities in COSY, ROESY, and HMBC spectra. The exact stereostructure of 13 was confirmed by its X-ray crystal structure analysis. Of all the compounds in the series, compound 16 containing a 5-fluoro-substituted uracil ring showed the most significant antitumor activities against murine leukemia L1210/0 (IC(50) = 1.4 microg/mL), murine mammary carcinoma FM3A/0 (IC(50) = 0.78 microg/mL), and, to a lesser extent, human T-lymphocyte cells Molt4/C8 (IC(50) = 31.8 microg/mL) and CEM/0 cell lines (IC(50) = 20.9 microg/mL).
|
Comparative inhibition of L5178Y cell growth in vitro (concentration required for 50% inhibition)
|
Mus musculus
|
0.76
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological activity of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-phosphorodiamidates.
Year : 1980
Volume : 23
Issue : 11
First Page : 1229
Last Page : 1232
Authors : Phelps ME, Woodman PW, Danenberg PV.
Abstract : Three 5'-phosphorodiamidate derivatives of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUrd), 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-phosphorodiamidate (4a), 5'-phosphorodiimidazolidate (4b), and 5'-phosphorodimorpholidate (4c), were synthesized by aminolysis of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-phosphorodichloridate with the respective amine. In culture, these 5'-phosphorodiamidates inhibited the growth of murine leukemia (L5178Y) cells. 5-Fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-phosphorodiamidate (4a) was the most active derivative and, on a molar basis, produced a cytostatic effect comparable to that of FdUrd and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate (FdUrd-5'-P). Compounds 4b and 4c were less active than 4a, with relative rates of activity 4a > 4b > 4c that corresponded to their rates of hydrolysis to FdUrd-5'-P. None of the 5'-phosphorodiamidates inhibited thymidylate synthetase of concentrations up to 1 mM.
|
Inhibitory concentration of compound rwas calculated on L5178Y cells by [3H]Thd incorporation
|
Mus musculus
|
15.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : 2-Thio derivatives of dUrd and 5-fluoro-dUrd and their 5'-monophosphates: synthesis, interaction with tumor thymidylate synthase, and in vitro antitumor activity.
Year : 1993
Volume : 36
Issue : 23
First Page : 3611
Last Page : 3617
Authors : Bretner M, Kulikowski T, Dzik JM, Balińska M, Rode W, Shugar D.
Abstract : A convenient synthesis of 5-fluoro-2-thiouracil (11) is based on hydrolytic deamination of 5-fluoro-2-thiocytosine (9). Lewis acid-catalyzed condensation of di-TMS-5-fluoro-2-thiouracil (13) or di-TMS-2-thiouracil (14) with 2-deoxy-3,5-di-O-p-toluyl-D-ribofuranosyl chloride (15) led to mixtures of the beta- and alpha-anomers of 3',5'-toluylated 2'-deoxy-5-fluoro-2-thiouridine (16 and 18) or 2'-deoxy-2-thiouridine (17 and 19), each of which was deblocked with MeOH-NH3 to give the desired free anomeric nucleoside pairs 1, 5 and 3, 7, respectively. These were selectively converted to the corresponding 5'-monophosphates 2, 6 and 4, 8, with the aid of the wheat shoot phosphotransferase system. Conformations of the nucleosides 1, 3, 5, 7 are deduced from 1H NMR spectra, and circular dichroism spectra for nucleotide anomeric pairs 2, 6 and 4, 8 are reported. Whereas beta-2-thio-dUMP (4) was a good substrate (Km approximately 10(-5) M), beta-5-fluoro-2-thio-dUMP (2) proved to be a potent competitive, slow-binding inhibitor (Ki approximately 10(-8) M) of the purified enzymes from Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and L1210 cells. The alpha-anomer 6 was a weak inhibitor, with Ki in the mM range, and its congener 8 hardly interacted with the enzyme. The beta-anomer 1 exhibited antitumor activity in a mouse leukemic cell line L5178Y (IC50 approximately 10(-6) M), hence 40-100-fold weaker than 5-fluoro-dUrd. Its alpha-anomer 5 was 10-fold less active, but exhibited at least 10-fold higher selectivity with respect to the tumor cells than the beta-anomer 1.
|
Inhibitory concentration of compound was calculated on L5178Y cells by [14C]Leu incorporation
|
Mus musculus
|
9.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : 2-Thio derivatives of dUrd and 5-fluoro-dUrd and their 5'-monophosphates: synthesis, interaction with tumor thymidylate synthase, and in vitro antitumor activity.
Year : 1993
Volume : 36
Issue : 23
First Page : 3611
Last Page : 3617
Authors : Bretner M, Kulikowski T, Dzik JM, Balińska M, Rode W, Shugar D.
Abstract : A convenient synthesis of 5-fluoro-2-thiouracil (11) is based on hydrolytic deamination of 5-fluoro-2-thiocytosine (9). Lewis acid-catalyzed condensation of di-TMS-5-fluoro-2-thiouracil (13) or di-TMS-2-thiouracil (14) with 2-deoxy-3,5-di-O-p-toluyl-D-ribofuranosyl chloride (15) led to mixtures of the beta- and alpha-anomers of 3',5'-toluylated 2'-deoxy-5-fluoro-2-thiouridine (16 and 18) or 2'-deoxy-2-thiouridine (17 and 19), each of which was deblocked with MeOH-NH3 to give the desired free anomeric nucleoside pairs 1, 5 and 3, 7, respectively. These were selectively converted to the corresponding 5'-monophosphates 2, 6 and 4, 8, with the aid of the wheat shoot phosphotransferase system. Conformations of the nucleosides 1, 3, 5, 7 are deduced from 1H NMR spectra, and circular dichroism spectra for nucleotide anomeric pairs 2, 6 and 4, 8 are reported. Whereas beta-2-thio-dUMP (4) was a good substrate (Km approximately 10(-5) M), beta-5-fluoro-2-thio-dUMP (2) proved to be a potent competitive, slow-binding inhibitor (Ki approximately 10(-8) M) of the purified enzymes from Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and L1210 cells. The alpha-anomer 6 was a weak inhibitor, with Ki in the mM range, and its congener 8 hardly interacted with the enzyme. The beta-anomer 1 exhibited antitumor activity in a mouse leukemic cell line L5178Y (IC50 approximately 10(-6) M), hence 40-100-fold weaker than 5-fluoro-dUrd. Its alpha-anomer 5 was 10-fold less active, but exhibited at least 10-fold higher selectivity with respect to the tumor cells than the beta-anomer 1.
|
Inhibitory concentration of compound was calculated on L5178Y cells by using clonal assay
|
Mus musculus
|
20.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : 2-Thio derivatives of dUrd and 5-fluoro-dUrd and their 5'-monophosphates: synthesis, interaction with tumor thymidylate synthase, and in vitro antitumor activity.
Year : 1993
Volume : 36
Issue : 23
First Page : 3611
Last Page : 3617
Authors : Bretner M, Kulikowski T, Dzik JM, Balińska M, Rode W, Shugar D.
Abstract : A convenient synthesis of 5-fluoro-2-thiouracil (11) is based on hydrolytic deamination of 5-fluoro-2-thiocytosine (9). Lewis acid-catalyzed condensation of di-TMS-5-fluoro-2-thiouracil (13) or di-TMS-2-thiouracil (14) with 2-deoxy-3,5-di-O-p-toluyl-D-ribofuranosyl chloride (15) led to mixtures of the beta- and alpha-anomers of 3',5'-toluylated 2'-deoxy-5-fluoro-2-thiouridine (16 and 18) or 2'-deoxy-2-thiouridine (17 and 19), each of which was deblocked with MeOH-NH3 to give the desired free anomeric nucleoside pairs 1, 5 and 3, 7, respectively. These were selectively converted to the corresponding 5'-monophosphates 2, 6 and 4, 8, with the aid of the wheat shoot phosphotransferase system. Conformations of the nucleosides 1, 3, 5, 7 are deduced from 1H NMR spectra, and circular dichroism spectra for nucleotide anomeric pairs 2, 6 and 4, 8 are reported. Whereas beta-2-thio-dUMP (4) was a good substrate (Km approximately 10(-5) M), beta-5-fluoro-2-thio-dUMP (2) proved to be a potent competitive, slow-binding inhibitor (Ki approximately 10(-8) M) of the purified enzymes from Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and L1210 cells. The alpha-anomer 6 was a weak inhibitor, with Ki in the mM range, and its congener 8 hardly interacted with the enzyme. The beta-anomer 1 exhibited antitumor activity in a mouse leukemic cell line L5178Y (IC50 approximately 10(-6) M), hence 40-100-fold weaker than 5-fluoro-dUrd. Its alpha-anomer 5 was 10-fold less active, but exhibited at least 10-fold higher selectivity with respect to the tumor cells than the beta-anomer 1.
|
Inhibitory concentration of compound was calculated on L5178Y cells by using growth assay
|
Mus musculus
|
25.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : 2-Thio derivatives of dUrd and 5-fluoro-dUrd and their 5'-monophosphates: synthesis, interaction with tumor thymidylate synthase, and in vitro antitumor activity.
Year : 1993
Volume : 36
Issue : 23
First Page : 3611
Last Page : 3617
Authors : Bretner M, Kulikowski T, Dzik JM, Balińska M, Rode W, Shugar D.
Abstract : A convenient synthesis of 5-fluoro-2-thiouracil (11) is based on hydrolytic deamination of 5-fluoro-2-thiocytosine (9). Lewis acid-catalyzed condensation of di-TMS-5-fluoro-2-thiouracil (13) or di-TMS-2-thiouracil (14) with 2-deoxy-3,5-di-O-p-toluyl-D-ribofuranosyl chloride (15) led to mixtures of the beta- and alpha-anomers of 3',5'-toluylated 2'-deoxy-5-fluoro-2-thiouridine (16 and 18) or 2'-deoxy-2-thiouridine (17 and 19), each of which was deblocked with MeOH-NH3 to give the desired free anomeric nucleoside pairs 1, 5 and 3, 7, respectively. These were selectively converted to the corresponding 5'-monophosphates 2, 6 and 4, 8, with the aid of the wheat shoot phosphotransferase system. Conformations of the nucleosides 1, 3, 5, 7 are deduced from 1H NMR spectra, and circular dichroism spectra for nucleotide anomeric pairs 2, 6 and 4, 8 are reported. Whereas beta-2-thio-dUMP (4) was a good substrate (Km approximately 10(-5) M), beta-5-fluoro-2-thio-dUMP (2) proved to be a potent competitive, slow-binding inhibitor (Ki approximately 10(-8) M) of the purified enzymes from Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and L1210 cells. The alpha-anomer 6 was a weak inhibitor, with Ki in the mM range, and its congener 8 hardly interacted with the enzyme. The beta-anomer 1 exhibited antitumor activity in a mouse leukemic cell line L5178Y (IC50 approximately 10(-6) M), hence 40-100-fold weaker than 5-fluoro-dUrd. Its alpha-anomer 5 was 10-fold less active, but exhibited at least 10-fold higher selectivity with respect to the tumor cells than the beta-anomer 1.
|
In vitro growth inhibition of L5178Y-Parental murine leukemia cells
|
Mus musculus
|
2.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : 5-Substituted N(4)-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidines and their 5'-monophosphates: synthesis, conformation, interaction with tumor thymidylate synthase, and in vitro antitumor activity.
Year : 2000
Volume : 43
Issue : 24
First Page : 4647
Last Page : 4656
Authors : Felczak K, Miazga A, Poznański J, Bretner M, Kulikowski T, Dzik JM, Gołos B, Zieliński Z, Cieśla J, Rode W.
Abstract : Convenient procedures are described for the synthesis of 5-substituted N(4)-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidines 5a,b,d-h via transformation of the respective 5-substituted 3', 5'-di-O-acetyl-2'-deoxyuridines 1a-c,e-h. These procedures involved site-specific triazolation or N-methylimidazolation at position C(4), followed by hydroxylamination and deblocking with MeOH-NH(3). Nucleosides 5a,b,d-h were selectively converted to the corresponding 5'-monophosphates 6a,b,d-h with the aid of the wheat shoot phosphotransferase system. Conformation of each nucleoside in D(2)O solution, deduced from (1)H NMR spectra and confirmed by molecular mechanics calculations, showed the pentose ring to exist predominantly in the conformation S (C-2'-endo) and the N(4)-OH group as the cis rotamer. Cell growth inhibition was studied with two L5178Y murine leukemia cell lines, parental and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUrd)-resistant, the latter 70-fold less sensitive toward FdUrd than the former. With FdUrd-resistant L5178Y cells, 5-fluoro-N(4)-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidine (5e) caused almost 3-fold stronger growth inhibition than FdUrd; 5e was only some 3-fold weaker growth inhibitor of the resistant cells than of the parental cells. Thymidylate synthase inhibition was studied with two forms of the enzyme differing in sensitivities toward 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate (FdUMP), isolated from parental and FdUrd-resistant L1210 cell lines. All N(4)-hydroxy-dCMP (6a,b,d-h) and dUMP analogues studied were competitive vs dUMP inhibitors of the enzyme. Analogues 6b,d-h and 5-hydroxymethyl-dUMP, similar to N(4)-hydroxy-dCMP (6a) and FdUMP, were also N(5), N(10)-methylenetetrahydrofolate-dependent, hence mechanism-based, slow-binding inhibitors. 5-Chloro-dUMP, 5-bromo-dUMP, and 5-iodo-dUMP, similar to dTMP, did not cause a time-dependent inactivation of the enzyme. Instead, they behaved as classic inhibitors of tritium release from [5-(3)H]dUMP. 5-Bromo-dUMP and 5-iodo-dUMP showed substrate activity independent of N(5), N(10)-methylenetetrahydrofolate in the thymidylate synthase-catalyzed dehalogenation reaction. The =N-OH substituent of the pyrimidine C(4) prevented the enzyme-catalyzed release from the C(5) of Br(-) and I(-) (the same shown previously for H(+)). While FdUMP and 6a showed a higher affinity and greater inactivation power with the parental cell than FdUrd-resistant cell enzyme, an opposite relationship could be seen with 5-hydroxymethyl-dUMP.
|
In vitro growth inhibition of L5178Y-Parental murine leukemia cells by incorporation of [14C]Leu.
|
Mus musculus
|
2.4
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : 5-Substituted N(4)-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidines and their 5'-monophosphates: synthesis, conformation, interaction with tumor thymidylate synthase, and in vitro antitumor activity.
Year : 2000
Volume : 43
Issue : 24
First Page : 4647
Last Page : 4656
Authors : Felczak K, Miazga A, Poznański J, Bretner M, Kulikowski T, Dzik JM, Gołos B, Zieliński Z, Cieśla J, Rode W.
Abstract : Convenient procedures are described for the synthesis of 5-substituted N(4)-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidines 5a,b,d-h via transformation of the respective 5-substituted 3', 5'-di-O-acetyl-2'-deoxyuridines 1a-c,e-h. These procedures involved site-specific triazolation or N-methylimidazolation at position C(4), followed by hydroxylamination and deblocking with MeOH-NH(3). Nucleosides 5a,b,d-h were selectively converted to the corresponding 5'-monophosphates 6a,b,d-h with the aid of the wheat shoot phosphotransferase system. Conformation of each nucleoside in D(2)O solution, deduced from (1)H NMR spectra and confirmed by molecular mechanics calculations, showed the pentose ring to exist predominantly in the conformation S (C-2'-endo) and the N(4)-OH group as the cis rotamer. Cell growth inhibition was studied with two L5178Y murine leukemia cell lines, parental and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUrd)-resistant, the latter 70-fold less sensitive toward FdUrd than the former. With FdUrd-resistant L5178Y cells, 5-fluoro-N(4)-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidine (5e) caused almost 3-fold stronger growth inhibition than FdUrd; 5e was only some 3-fold weaker growth inhibitor of the resistant cells than of the parental cells. Thymidylate synthase inhibition was studied with two forms of the enzyme differing in sensitivities toward 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate (FdUMP), isolated from parental and FdUrd-resistant L1210 cell lines. All N(4)-hydroxy-dCMP (6a,b,d-h) and dUMP analogues studied were competitive vs dUMP inhibitors of the enzyme. Analogues 6b,d-h and 5-hydroxymethyl-dUMP, similar to N(4)-hydroxy-dCMP (6a) and FdUMP, were also N(5), N(10)-methylenetetrahydrofolate-dependent, hence mechanism-based, slow-binding inhibitors. 5-Chloro-dUMP, 5-bromo-dUMP, and 5-iodo-dUMP, similar to dTMP, did not cause a time-dependent inactivation of the enzyme. Instead, they behaved as classic inhibitors of tritium release from [5-(3)H]dUMP. 5-Bromo-dUMP and 5-iodo-dUMP showed substrate activity independent of N(5), N(10)-methylenetetrahydrofolate in the thymidylate synthase-catalyzed dehalogenation reaction. The =N-OH substituent of the pyrimidine C(4) prevented the enzyme-catalyzed release from the C(5) of Br(-) and I(-) (the same shown previously for H(+)). While FdUMP and 6a showed a higher affinity and greater inactivation power with the parental cell than FdUrd-resistant cell enzyme, an opposite relationship could be seen with 5-hydroxymethyl-dUMP.
|
In vitro growth inhibition of L5178Y-Parental murine leukemia cells by incorporation of [14C]-Thd.
|
Mus musculus
|
2.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : 5-Substituted N(4)-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidines and their 5'-monophosphates: synthesis, conformation, interaction with tumor thymidylate synthase, and in vitro antitumor activity.
Year : 2000
Volume : 43
Issue : 24
First Page : 4647
Last Page : 4656
Authors : Felczak K, Miazga A, Poznański J, Bretner M, Kulikowski T, Dzik JM, Gołos B, Zieliński Z, Cieśla J, Rode W.
Abstract : Convenient procedures are described for the synthesis of 5-substituted N(4)-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidines 5a,b,d-h via transformation of the respective 5-substituted 3', 5'-di-O-acetyl-2'-deoxyuridines 1a-c,e-h. These procedures involved site-specific triazolation or N-methylimidazolation at position C(4), followed by hydroxylamination and deblocking with MeOH-NH(3). Nucleosides 5a,b,d-h were selectively converted to the corresponding 5'-monophosphates 6a,b,d-h with the aid of the wheat shoot phosphotransferase system. Conformation of each nucleoside in D(2)O solution, deduced from (1)H NMR spectra and confirmed by molecular mechanics calculations, showed the pentose ring to exist predominantly in the conformation S (C-2'-endo) and the N(4)-OH group as the cis rotamer. Cell growth inhibition was studied with two L5178Y murine leukemia cell lines, parental and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUrd)-resistant, the latter 70-fold less sensitive toward FdUrd than the former. With FdUrd-resistant L5178Y cells, 5-fluoro-N(4)-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidine (5e) caused almost 3-fold stronger growth inhibition than FdUrd; 5e was only some 3-fold weaker growth inhibitor of the resistant cells than of the parental cells. Thymidylate synthase inhibition was studied with two forms of the enzyme differing in sensitivities toward 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate (FdUMP), isolated from parental and FdUrd-resistant L1210 cell lines. All N(4)-hydroxy-dCMP (6a,b,d-h) and dUMP analogues studied were competitive vs dUMP inhibitors of the enzyme. Analogues 6b,d-h and 5-hydroxymethyl-dUMP, similar to N(4)-hydroxy-dCMP (6a) and FdUMP, were also N(5), N(10)-methylenetetrahydrofolate-dependent, hence mechanism-based, slow-binding inhibitors. 5-Chloro-dUMP, 5-bromo-dUMP, and 5-iodo-dUMP, similar to dTMP, did not cause a time-dependent inactivation of the enzyme. Instead, they behaved as classic inhibitors of tritium release from [5-(3)H]dUMP. 5-Bromo-dUMP and 5-iodo-dUMP showed substrate activity independent of N(5), N(10)-methylenetetrahydrofolate in the thymidylate synthase-catalyzed dehalogenation reaction. The =N-OH substituent of the pyrimidine C(4) prevented the enzyme-catalyzed release from the C(5) of Br(-) and I(-) (the same shown previously for H(+)). While FdUMP and 6a showed a higher affinity and greater inactivation power with the parental cell than FdUrd-resistant cell enzyme, an opposite relationship could be seen with 5-hydroxymethyl-dUMP.
|
In vitro growth inhibition of FdUrd resistant L5178Y-Resistant murine leukemia cells
|
Mus musculus
|
140.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : 5-Substituted N(4)-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidines and their 5'-monophosphates: synthesis, conformation, interaction with tumor thymidylate synthase, and in vitro antitumor activity.
Year : 2000
Volume : 43
Issue : 24
First Page : 4647
Last Page : 4656
Authors : Felczak K, Miazga A, Poznański J, Bretner M, Kulikowski T, Dzik JM, Gołos B, Zieliński Z, Cieśla J, Rode W.
Abstract : Convenient procedures are described for the synthesis of 5-substituted N(4)-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidines 5a,b,d-h via transformation of the respective 5-substituted 3', 5'-di-O-acetyl-2'-deoxyuridines 1a-c,e-h. These procedures involved site-specific triazolation or N-methylimidazolation at position C(4), followed by hydroxylamination and deblocking with MeOH-NH(3). Nucleosides 5a,b,d-h were selectively converted to the corresponding 5'-monophosphates 6a,b,d-h with the aid of the wheat shoot phosphotransferase system. Conformation of each nucleoside in D(2)O solution, deduced from (1)H NMR spectra and confirmed by molecular mechanics calculations, showed the pentose ring to exist predominantly in the conformation S (C-2'-endo) and the N(4)-OH group as the cis rotamer. Cell growth inhibition was studied with two L5178Y murine leukemia cell lines, parental and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUrd)-resistant, the latter 70-fold less sensitive toward FdUrd than the former. With FdUrd-resistant L5178Y cells, 5-fluoro-N(4)-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidine (5e) caused almost 3-fold stronger growth inhibition than FdUrd; 5e was only some 3-fold weaker growth inhibitor of the resistant cells than of the parental cells. Thymidylate synthase inhibition was studied with two forms of the enzyme differing in sensitivities toward 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate (FdUMP), isolated from parental and FdUrd-resistant L1210 cell lines. All N(4)-hydroxy-dCMP (6a,b,d-h) and dUMP analogues studied were competitive vs dUMP inhibitors of the enzyme. Analogues 6b,d-h and 5-hydroxymethyl-dUMP, similar to N(4)-hydroxy-dCMP (6a) and FdUMP, were also N(5), N(10)-methylenetetrahydrofolate-dependent, hence mechanism-based, slow-binding inhibitors. 5-Chloro-dUMP, 5-bromo-dUMP, and 5-iodo-dUMP, similar to dTMP, did not cause a time-dependent inactivation of the enzyme. Instead, they behaved as classic inhibitors of tritium release from [5-(3)H]dUMP. 5-Bromo-dUMP and 5-iodo-dUMP showed substrate activity independent of N(5), N(10)-methylenetetrahydrofolate in the thymidylate synthase-catalyzed dehalogenation reaction. The =N-OH substituent of the pyrimidine C(4) prevented the enzyme-catalyzed release from the C(5) of Br(-) and I(-) (the same shown previously for H(+)). While FdUMP and 6a showed a higher affinity and greater inactivation power with the parental cell than FdUrd-resistant cell enzyme, an opposite relationship could be seen with 5-hydroxymethyl-dUMP.
|
In vitro growth inhibition of FdUrd resistant L5178Y-Resistant murine leukemia cells by incorporation of [14C]Leu.
|
Mus musculus
|
150.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : 5-Substituted N(4)-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidines and their 5'-monophosphates: synthesis, conformation, interaction with tumor thymidylate synthase, and in vitro antitumor activity.
Year : 2000
Volume : 43
Issue : 24
First Page : 4647
Last Page : 4656
Authors : Felczak K, Miazga A, Poznański J, Bretner M, Kulikowski T, Dzik JM, Gołos B, Zieliński Z, Cieśla J, Rode W.
Abstract : Convenient procedures are described for the synthesis of 5-substituted N(4)-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidines 5a,b,d-h via transformation of the respective 5-substituted 3', 5'-di-O-acetyl-2'-deoxyuridines 1a-c,e-h. These procedures involved site-specific triazolation or N-methylimidazolation at position C(4), followed by hydroxylamination and deblocking with MeOH-NH(3). Nucleosides 5a,b,d-h were selectively converted to the corresponding 5'-monophosphates 6a,b,d-h with the aid of the wheat shoot phosphotransferase system. Conformation of each nucleoside in D(2)O solution, deduced from (1)H NMR spectra and confirmed by molecular mechanics calculations, showed the pentose ring to exist predominantly in the conformation S (C-2'-endo) and the N(4)-OH group as the cis rotamer. Cell growth inhibition was studied with two L5178Y murine leukemia cell lines, parental and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUrd)-resistant, the latter 70-fold less sensitive toward FdUrd than the former. With FdUrd-resistant L5178Y cells, 5-fluoro-N(4)-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidine (5e) caused almost 3-fold stronger growth inhibition than FdUrd; 5e was only some 3-fold weaker growth inhibitor of the resistant cells than of the parental cells. Thymidylate synthase inhibition was studied with two forms of the enzyme differing in sensitivities toward 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate (FdUMP), isolated from parental and FdUrd-resistant L1210 cell lines. All N(4)-hydroxy-dCMP (6a,b,d-h) and dUMP analogues studied were competitive vs dUMP inhibitors of the enzyme. Analogues 6b,d-h and 5-hydroxymethyl-dUMP, similar to N(4)-hydroxy-dCMP (6a) and FdUMP, were also N(5), N(10)-methylenetetrahydrofolate-dependent, hence mechanism-based, slow-binding inhibitors. 5-Chloro-dUMP, 5-bromo-dUMP, and 5-iodo-dUMP, similar to dTMP, did not cause a time-dependent inactivation of the enzyme. Instead, they behaved as classic inhibitors of tritium release from [5-(3)H]dUMP. 5-Bromo-dUMP and 5-iodo-dUMP showed substrate activity independent of N(5), N(10)-methylenetetrahydrofolate in the thymidylate synthase-catalyzed dehalogenation reaction. The =N-OH substituent of the pyrimidine C(4) prevented the enzyme-catalyzed release from the C(5) of Br(-) and I(-) (the same shown previously for H(+)). While FdUMP and 6a showed a higher affinity and greater inactivation power with the parental cell than FdUrd-resistant cell enzyme, an opposite relationship could be seen with 5-hydroxymethyl-dUMP.
|
In vitro growth inhibition of FdUrd resistant L5178Y-Resistant murine leukemia cells by incorporation of [14C]Thd.
|
Mus musculus
|
130.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : 5-Substituted N(4)-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidines and their 5'-monophosphates: synthesis, conformation, interaction with tumor thymidylate synthase, and in vitro antitumor activity.
Year : 2000
Volume : 43
Issue : 24
First Page : 4647
Last Page : 4656
Authors : Felczak K, Miazga A, Poznański J, Bretner M, Kulikowski T, Dzik JM, Gołos B, Zieliński Z, Cieśla J, Rode W.
Abstract : Convenient procedures are described for the synthesis of 5-substituted N(4)-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidines 5a,b,d-h via transformation of the respective 5-substituted 3', 5'-di-O-acetyl-2'-deoxyuridines 1a-c,e-h. These procedures involved site-specific triazolation or N-methylimidazolation at position C(4), followed by hydroxylamination and deblocking with MeOH-NH(3). Nucleosides 5a,b,d-h were selectively converted to the corresponding 5'-monophosphates 6a,b,d-h with the aid of the wheat shoot phosphotransferase system. Conformation of each nucleoside in D(2)O solution, deduced from (1)H NMR spectra and confirmed by molecular mechanics calculations, showed the pentose ring to exist predominantly in the conformation S (C-2'-endo) and the N(4)-OH group as the cis rotamer. Cell growth inhibition was studied with two L5178Y murine leukemia cell lines, parental and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUrd)-resistant, the latter 70-fold less sensitive toward FdUrd than the former. With FdUrd-resistant L5178Y cells, 5-fluoro-N(4)-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidine (5e) caused almost 3-fold stronger growth inhibition than FdUrd; 5e was only some 3-fold weaker growth inhibitor of the resistant cells than of the parental cells. Thymidylate synthase inhibition was studied with two forms of the enzyme differing in sensitivities toward 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate (FdUMP), isolated from parental and FdUrd-resistant L1210 cell lines. All N(4)-hydroxy-dCMP (6a,b,d-h) and dUMP analogues studied were competitive vs dUMP inhibitors of the enzyme. Analogues 6b,d-h and 5-hydroxymethyl-dUMP, similar to N(4)-hydroxy-dCMP (6a) and FdUMP, were also N(5), N(10)-methylenetetrahydrofolate-dependent, hence mechanism-based, slow-binding inhibitors. 5-Chloro-dUMP, 5-bromo-dUMP, and 5-iodo-dUMP, similar to dTMP, did not cause a time-dependent inactivation of the enzyme. Instead, they behaved as classic inhibitors of tritium release from [5-(3)H]dUMP. 5-Bromo-dUMP and 5-iodo-dUMP showed substrate activity independent of N(5), N(10)-methylenetetrahydrofolate in the thymidylate synthase-catalyzed dehalogenation reaction. The =N-OH substituent of the pyrimidine C(4) prevented the enzyme-catalyzed release from the C(5) of Br(-) and I(-) (the same shown previously for H(+)). While FdUMP and 6a showed a higher affinity and greater inactivation power with the parental cell than FdUrd-resistant cell enzyme, an opposite relationship could be seen with 5-hydroxymethyl-dUMP.
|
Compound was tested for its inhibitory effect on the growth of MKN-28 tumor cell line from stomach.
|
Homo sapiens
|
120.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Nucleosides and nucleotides. 152. 1-(3-C-Ethynyl--D-ribo-pentofuranosyl)uracil as a broad spectrum antitumor nucleoside
Year : 1996
Volume : 6
Issue : 16
First Page : 1887
Last Page : 1892
Authors : Matsuda A, Hattori H, Tanaka M, Sasaki T
|
Evaluated for the inhibition of tumor cell growth of Human T-Lymphocyte cells (Molt4/C8)
|
Homo sapiens
|
2.6
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and antitumor activities of novel pyrimidine derivatives of 2,3-O,O-dibenzyl-6-deoxy-L-ascorbic acid and 4,5-didehydro-5,6- dideoxy-L-ascorbic acid.
Year : 2000
Volume : 43
Issue : 25
First Page : 4806
Last Page : 4811
Authors : Raić-Malić S, Svedruzić D, Gazivoda T, Marunović A, Hergold-Brundić A, Nagl A, Balzarini J, De Clercq E, Mintas M.
Abstract : The new pyrimidine derivatives of 2,3-O, O-dibenzyl-6-deoxy-L-ascorbic acid (8-10) were synthesized by condensation of uracil and its 5-fluoro- and 5-trifluoromethyl-substituted derivatives with 4-(5,6-epoxypropyl)-2, 3-O,O-dibenzyl-L-ascorbic acid (7), while pyrimidine derivatives of 4,5-didehydro-5,6-dideoxy-L-ascorbic acid (14-17) with free C-2' and C-3' hydroxy groups in the lactone ring were obtained by debenzylation of 11-13 with boron trichloride. Z-Configuration of the C4'=C5' double bond and position of the benzyl group in the lactone ring of 14 were deduced from their (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra and connectivities in COSY, ROESY, and HMBC spectra. The exact stereostructure of 13 was confirmed by its X-ray crystal structure analysis. Of all the compounds in the series, compound 16 containing a 5-fluoro-substituted uracil ring showed the most significant antitumor activities against murine leukemia L1210/0 (IC(50) = 1.4 microg/mL), murine mammary carcinoma FM3A/0 (IC(50) = 0.78 microg/mL), and, to a lesser extent, human T-lymphocyte cells Molt4/C8 (IC(50) = 31.8 microg/mL) and CEM/0 cell lines (IC(50) = 20.9 microg/mL).
|
Compound was tested for its inhibitory effect on the growth of NUGC-3 tumor cell line from stomach.
|
Homo sapiens
|
15.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Nucleosides and nucleotides. 152. 1-(3-C-Ethynyl--D-ribo-pentofuranosyl)uracil as a broad spectrum antitumor nucleoside
Year : 1996
Volume : 6
Issue : 16
First Page : 1887
Last Page : 1892
Authors : Matsuda A, Hattori H, Tanaka M, Sasaki T
|
Concentration required to reduce HSV-1(KOS) induced cytopathogenicity in primary Rabbit by 50%
|
Oryctolagus cuniculus
|
1.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and antiviral activity of 5-[(cyanomethylene)oxy]-2'-deoxyuridine.
Year : 1981
Volume : 24
Issue : 4
First Page : 390
Last Page : 393
Authors : Huang GF, Okada M, De Clercq E, Torrence PF.
Abstract : To study the influence of substitution of CN for C identical to CH in the anti-herpes virus nucleoside 5-(propynyloxy)-2'-deoxyuridine (1), 5-[(cyanomethylene)oxy]-2'-deoxyuridine (2) was prepared. When the potassium salt of 5-hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine was reacted with iodoacetonitrile in dry DMF, the bisalkylated product 3-(cyanomethyl)-5-[(cyanomethylene)oxy]-2'-deoxyuridine (3) was the major product with a lesser amount of 3-(cyanomethyl)-5-hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine (5) and only a trace amount of the desired product (2). In contrast, when 5-hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine was alkylated in water in the presence of 1 equiv of KOH, compound 2 was the major product. In cultures of primary rabbit kidney (PRK) cells, compound 2 showed an anti-herpes virus activity that was comparable to that of 1 and ara-A. Compound 2 did not inhibit incorporation of [Me-3H]dThd or [1',2'-3H]dUrd into DNA of PRK cells; however, its anti-herpes virus activity was completely prevented upon the addition of either dThd or dUrd.
|
Concentration required to reduce HSV-1(KOS) induced cytopathogenicity primary rabbit kidney by 50% was measured by the addition of [1,'2'-3H]dUrd
|
Oryctolagus cuniculus
|
10.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and antiviral activity of 5-[(cyanomethylene)oxy]-2'-deoxyuridine.
Year : 1981
Volume : 24
Issue : 4
First Page : 390
Last Page : 393
Authors : Huang GF, Okada M, De Clercq E, Torrence PF.
Abstract : To study the influence of substitution of CN for C identical to CH in the anti-herpes virus nucleoside 5-(propynyloxy)-2'-deoxyuridine (1), 5-[(cyanomethylene)oxy]-2'-deoxyuridine (2) was prepared. When the potassium salt of 5-hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine was reacted with iodoacetonitrile in dry DMF, the bisalkylated product 3-(cyanomethyl)-5-[(cyanomethylene)oxy]-2'-deoxyuridine (3) was the major product with a lesser amount of 3-(cyanomethyl)-5-hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine (5) and only a trace amount of the desired product (2). In contrast, when 5-hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine was alkylated in water in the presence of 1 equiv of KOH, compound 2 was the major product. In cultures of primary rabbit kidney (PRK) cells, compound 2 showed an anti-herpes virus activity that was comparable to that of 1 and ara-A. Compound 2 did not inhibit incorporation of [Me-3H]dThd or [1',2'-3H]dUrd into DNA of PRK cells; however, its anti-herpes virus activity was completely prevented upon the addition of either dThd or dUrd.
|
Concentration required to reduce HSV-1(KOS) induced cytopathogenicity primary rabbit kidney by 50% was measured by the addition of [Me-3H]-dThd
|
Oryctolagus cuniculus
|
400.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and antiviral activity of 5-[(cyanomethylene)oxy]-2'-deoxyuridine.
Year : 1981
Volume : 24
Issue : 4
First Page : 390
Last Page : 393
Authors : Huang GF, Okada M, De Clercq E, Torrence PF.
Abstract : To study the influence of substitution of CN for C identical to CH in the anti-herpes virus nucleoside 5-(propynyloxy)-2'-deoxyuridine (1), 5-[(cyanomethylene)oxy]-2'-deoxyuridine (2) was prepared. When the potassium salt of 5-hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine was reacted with iodoacetonitrile in dry DMF, the bisalkylated product 3-(cyanomethyl)-5-[(cyanomethylene)oxy]-2'-deoxyuridine (3) was the major product with a lesser amount of 3-(cyanomethyl)-5-hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine (5) and only a trace amount of the desired product (2). In contrast, when 5-hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine was alkylated in water in the presence of 1 equiv of KOH, compound 2 was the major product. In cultures of primary rabbit kidney (PRK) cells, compound 2 showed an anti-herpes virus activity that was comparable to that of 1 and ara-A. Compound 2 did not inhibit incorporation of [Me-3H]dThd or [1',2'-3H]dUrd into DNA of PRK cells; however, its anti-herpes virus activity was completely prevented upon the addition of either dThd or dUrd.
|
Compound was tested for its inhibitory effect on the growth of SUN-C2A tumor cell line from colon.
|
Homo sapiens
|
3.3
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Nucleosides and nucleotides. 152. 1-(3-C-Ethynyl--D-ribo-pentofuranosyl)uracil as a broad spectrum antitumor nucleoside
Year : 1996
Volume : 6
Issue : 16
First Page : 1887
Last Page : 1892
Authors : Matsuda A, Hattori H, Tanaka M, Sasaki T
|
Compound was tested for its inhibitory effect on the growth of SW-48 tumor cell line from colon.
|
Homo sapiens
|
130.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Nucleosides and nucleotides. 152. 1-(3-C-Ethynyl--D-ribo-pentofuranosyl)uracil as a broad spectrum antitumor nucleoside
Year : 1996
Volume : 6
Issue : 16
First Page : 1887
Last Page : 1892
Authors : Matsuda A, Hattori H, Tanaka M, Sasaki T
|
Compound was tested for its inhibitory effect on the growth of T24 tumor cell line from bladder.
|
Homo sapiens
|
120.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Nucleosides and nucleotides. 152. 1-(3-C-Ethynyl--D-ribo-pentofuranosyl)uracil as a broad spectrum antitumor nucleoside
Year : 1996
Volume : 6
Issue : 16
First Page : 1887
Last Page : 1892
Authors : Matsuda A, Hattori H, Tanaka M, Sasaki T
|
Tested for cytotoxicity against antigen negative T-24 bladder carcinoma cells having only 3-5% antigen expression
|
Homo sapiens
|
1.0
ug.mL-1
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis of 2'-deoxyuridine and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine derivatives and evaluation in antibody targeting studies.
Year : 1993
Volume : 36
Issue : 11
First Page : 1570
Last Page : 1579
Authors : Henn TF, Garnett MC, Chhabra SR, Bycroft BW, Baldwin RW.
Abstract : Derivatives of 2'-deoxyuridine and of the anticancer agent 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUR) were linked indirectly via a human serum albumin carrier (HSA) to the murine antiosteosarcoma monoclonal antibody 791T/36. Starting from the 2'-deoxyuridines 1a and 1b, the new nucleosides containing 5'-succinamic acid 7 and 5'-maleamic acid 8 spacers were synthesized from the key intermediate 5'-aminonucleoside 4, and the ribofuronamidobenzoic acid 13 from ribofuranuronic acid 10. These nucleosides were linked via their spacer functionality to HSA. High molar substitution ratios (MSR: moles of drug/mole of HSA) of 25-40 for these derivative-HSA conjugates were achieved. All derivatives were less cytotoxic than the parent drug against both antigen positive osteogenic sarcoma 791T and antigen negative bladder carcinoma T24 cell lines; no IC50 was achieved with any derivative against 791T cells. The fluorodeoxyuridine-HSA conjugates were then further linked via a stable thioether bond to the mouse monoclonal antibody 791T/36. The optimum fluorinated 5'-succinamic acid immunoconjugate exhibited an IC50 of 1 microM against 791T and T24 cells, slightly better than that of fluorodeoxyuridine. The unconjugated derivative 7 was much less cytotoxic than immunoconjugate, with an IC50 of 62 microM on T24 cells, and failed to reach 50% inhibition of 791T cell growth at 290 microM concentration. Derivative 7-HSA conjugate was 10-fold less cytotoxic than the immunoconjugate against both cell lines. Immunoconjugates synthesized with the other 5-fluoro derivatives were unable to effect 50% inhibition of growth of cell lines. Nonfluorinated derivatives and their HSA conjugates and immunoconjugates exhibited no cytotoxicity.
|
Inhibition of cellular thymidylate synthase activity of murine leukemia cell line (L1210) in intact cells.
|
None
|
43.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological activity of aromatic amino acid phosphoramidates of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine and 1-beta-arabinofuranosylcytosine: evidence of phosphoramidase activity.
Year : 1996
Volume : 39
Issue : 23
First Page : 4569
Last Page : 4575
Authors : Abraham TW, Kalman TI, McIntee EJ, Wagner CR.
Abstract : The amino acid phosphoramidate diesters of FUdR (2) and Ara-C (6), 5-fluoro-2'-deoxy-5'-uridyl N-(1-carbomethoxy-2-phenylethyl)phosphoramidate (5a), 5-fluoro-2'-deoxy-5'- uridyl N-(1-carbomethoxy-2-indolylethyl)phosphoramidate (5b), 1-beta-arabinofuranosylcytosine 5'-N-(1-carbomethoxy-2-phenylethyl) phosphoramidate (8a), and 1-beta-arabinofuranosylcytosine 5'-N-(1-carbomethoxy-2-indolylethyl)phosphoramidate (8b), were synthesized and tested for their antitumor activity against L1210 mouse lymphocytic leukemia cells and CCRF-CEM human T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Ara-C phosphoramidates 8a,b were found to be inactive at a concentration of 100 microM, while the FUdR conjugates 5a,b exhibited IC50 values within a range of 0.30-0.40 microM. Stability studies revealed that > 99% of the phosphoramidates remained intact after incubation for > 2 days in 20% calf or 20% human serum. Intracellular thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibition studies revealed that treatment of L1210 and CCRF-CEM cells with 5a or 5b resulted in significant inhibition of TS in intact and permeabilized cells, while treatment of L929 TK- cells with these compounds did not result in inhibition of TS activity in intact cells. However, permeabilization of L929 TK- cells enhanced the activity of 5a,b toward intracellular TS by 900- and 1500-fold, respectively. In addition, incubation of cell-free extracts of CEM cells with radiolabeled 5b resulted in the rapid production of FUdR 5'-monophosphate and a lag in the generation of FUdR. Consequently, it is proposed that the metabolism of the phosphoramidate diesters of FUdR in proliferating tissue proceeds through two separate enzymatic steps involving P-N bond cleavage by an unknown phosphoramidase followed by P-O bond cleavage by phosphatases such as 5'-nucleotidase.
|
Thymidylate synthase inhibition in L1210 mouse leukemia cells after 2 hr treatment
|
None
|
7.9
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological studies of novel nucleoside phosphoramidate prodrugs.
Year : 2001
Volume : 44
Issue : 25
First Page : 4475
Last Page : 4480
Authors : Tobias SC, Borch RF.
Abstract : A novel approach to the intracellular delivery of nucleotides using phosphoramidate-based prodrugs is described. Specifically, we have developed phosphoramidate prodrugs of the anticancer nucleotide 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'monophosphate (FdUMP). These phosphoramidate prodrugs contain an ester group that undergoes intracellular activation liberating phosphoramidate anion, which undergoes spontaneous cyclization and P-N bond cleavage to yield the nucleoside monophosphate quantitatively. In vitro evaluation of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine phosphoramidate prodrugs 2a and 3b against L1210 mouse leukemia cells show potent inhibition of cell growth (IC(50) 0.5-3 nM). Cell-based thymidylate synthase inhibition studies show that, in contrast to FUdR, the nitrofuran compound 2a is of comparable potency in wild type vs thymidine kinase deficient LM cells. This result indicates that the activation of this novel prodrug occurs via the proposed mechanism of intracellular delivery. However, naphthoquinone 3b has an IC(50) value for thymidylate synthase inhibition that is comparable to FUdR in thymidine kinase deficient cells. Further studies revealed that 3b rapidly decomposes to the nucleotide in cell culture medium, suggesting that the naphthoquinone analogue is not sufficiently stable to function as a nucleotide prodrug.
|
Thymidylate synthase inhibition in thymidine kinase deficient /TK cells after 2 hr treatment
|
None
|
20.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological studies of novel nucleoside phosphoramidate prodrugs.
Year : 2001
Volume : 44
Issue : 25
First Page : 4475
Last Page : 4480
Authors : Tobias SC, Borch RF.
Abstract : A novel approach to the intracellular delivery of nucleotides using phosphoramidate-based prodrugs is described. Specifically, we have developed phosphoramidate prodrugs of the anticancer nucleotide 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'monophosphate (FdUMP). These phosphoramidate prodrugs contain an ester group that undergoes intracellular activation liberating phosphoramidate anion, which undergoes spontaneous cyclization and P-N bond cleavage to yield the nucleoside monophosphate quantitatively. In vitro evaluation of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine phosphoramidate prodrugs 2a and 3b against L1210 mouse leukemia cells show potent inhibition of cell growth (IC(50) 0.5-3 nM). Cell-based thymidylate synthase inhibition studies show that, in contrast to FUdR, the nitrofuran compound 2a is of comparable potency in wild type vs thymidine kinase deficient LM cells. This result indicates that the activation of this novel prodrug occurs via the proposed mechanism of intracellular delivery. However, naphthoquinone 3b has an IC(50) value for thymidylate synthase inhibition that is comparable to FUdR in thymidine kinase deficient cells. Further studies revealed that 3b rapidly decomposes to the nucleotide in cell culture medium, suggesting that the naphthoquinone analogue is not sufficiently stable to function as a nucleotide prodrug.
|
Thymidylate synthase inhibition in wild type LM cells after 2 hr treatment
|
None
|
260.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological studies of novel nucleoside phosphoramidate prodrugs.
Year : 2001
Volume : 44
Issue : 25
First Page : 4475
Last Page : 4480
Authors : Tobias SC, Borch RF.
Abstract : A novel approach to the intracellular delivery of nucleotides using phosphoramidate-based prodrugs is described. Specifically, we have developed phosphoramidate prodrugs of the anticancer nucleotide 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'monophosphate (FdUMP). These phosphoramidate prodrugs contain an ester group that undergoes intracellular activation liberating phosphoramidate anion, which undergoes spontaneous cyclization and P-N bond cleavage to yield the nucleoside monophosphate quantitatively. In vitro evaluation of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine phosphoramidate prodrugs 2a and 3b against L1210 mouse leukemia cells show potent inhibition of cell growth (IC(50) 0.5-3 nM). Cell-based thymidylate synthase inhibition studies show that, in contrast to FUdR, the nitrofuran compound 2a is of comparable potency in wild type vs thymidine kinase deficient LM cells. This result indicates that the activation of this novel prodrug occurs via the proposed mechanism of intracellular delivery. However, naphthoquinone 3b has an IC(50) value for thymidylate synthase inhibition that is comparable to FUdR in thymidine kinase deficient cells. Further studies revealed that 3b rapidly decomposes to the nucleotide in cell culture medium, suggesting that the naphthoquinone analogue is not sufficiently stable to function as a nucleotide prodrug.
|
Cytotoxicity against mouse L1210/0 cells after 48 hrs
|
Mus musculus
|
0.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Probing the anticancer activity of nucleoside analogues: a QSAR model approach using an internally consistent training set.
Year : 2007
Volume : 50
Issue : 7
First Page : 1537
Last Page : 1545
Authors : Helguera AM, Rodríguez-Borges JE, García-Mera X, Fernández F, Cordeiro MN.
Abstract : The cancer research community has begun to address the in silico modeling approaches, such as quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR), as an important alternative tool for screening potential anticancer drugs. With the compilation of a large dataset of nucleosides synthesized in our laboratories, or elsewhere, and tested in a single cytotoxic assay under the same experimental conditions, we recognized a unique opportunity to attempt to build predictive QSAR models. Here, we report a systematic evaluation of classification models to probe anticancer activity, based on linear discriminant analysis along with 2D-molecular descriptors. This strategy afforded a final QSAR model with very good overall accuracy and predictability on external data. Finally, we search for similarities between the natural nucleosides, present in RNA/DNA, and the active nucleosides well-predicted by the model. The structural information then gathered and the QSAR model per se shall aid in the future design of novel potent anticancer nucleosides.
|
Cytostatic activity against human CCRFCEM cells by MTT assay
|
Homo sapiens
|
290.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Cytostatic evaluations of nucleoside analogs related to unnatural base pairs for a genetic expansion system.
Year : 2007
Volume : 17
Issue : 20
First Page : 5582
Last Page : 5585
Authors : Kimoto M, Moriyama K, Yokoyama S, Hirao I.
Abstract : The introduction of an unnatural base pair into DNA enables the expansion of genetic information. To apply unnatural base pairs to in vivo systems, we evaluated the cytostatic toxicity of several nucleoside analogs by an MTT assay. Several nucleoside analogs based on two types of unnatural base pairs were tested. One is a hydrogen-bonded base pair between 2-amino-6-(2-thienyl)purine (s) and pyridin-2-one (y), and the other is a hydrophobic base pair between 7-(2-thienyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (Ds) and pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde (Pa). Among the nucleoside analogs, the ribonucleoside of 6-(2-thienyl)purine possessed the highest cytostatic activity against CCRF-CEM and especially HT-1080, as well as the normal fibroblast cell line, WI-38. The other analogs, including its 2'-deoxy, 2-amino, and 1-deazapurine nucleoside derivatives, were less active against CCRF-CEM and HT-1080, and the toxicity of these nucleosides toward WI-38 was low. The nucleosides of y and Pa were inactive against CCRF-CEM, HT-1080, and WI-38. In addition, no cytostatic synergism was observed with the combination of the pairing nucleosides of s and y or Ds and Pa.
|
Cytostatic activity against human HT1080 cells by MTT assay
|
Homo sapiens
|
180.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Cytostatic evaluations of nucleoside analogs related to unnatural base pairs for a genetic expansion system.
Year : 2007
Volume : 17
Issue : 20
First Page : 5582
Last Page : 5585
Authors : Kimoto M, Moriyama K, Yokoyama S, Hirao I.
Abstract : The introduction of an unnatural base pair into DNA enables the expansion of genetic information. To apply unnatural base pairs to in vivo systems, we evaluated the cytostatic toxicity of several nucleoside analogs by an MTT assay. Several nucleoside analogs based on two types of unnatural base pairs were tested. One is a hydrogen-bonded base pair between 2-amino-6-(2-thienyl)purine (s) and pyridin-2-one (y), and the other is a hydrophobic base pair between 7-(2-thienyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (Ds) and pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde (Pa). Among the nucleoside analogs, the ribonucleoside of 6-(2-thienyl)purine possessed the highest cytostatic activity against CCRF-CEM and especially HT-1080, as well as the normal fibroblast cell line, WI-38. The other analogs, including its 2'-deoxy, 2-amino, and 1-deazapurine nucleoside derivatives, were less active against CCRF-CEM and HT-1080, and the toxicity of these nucleosides toward WI-38 was low. The nucleosides of y and Pa were inactive against CCRF-CEM, HT-1080, and WI-38. In addition, no cytostatic synergism was observed with the combination of the pairing nucleosides of s and y or Ds and Pa.
|
Cytostatic activity against mouse L1210 cells ATCC CCL219 assessed as growth reduction after 72 hrs
|
Mus musculus
|
12.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis, cytostatic, and antiviral activity of novel 6-[2-(dialkylamino)ethyl]-, 6-(2-alkoxyethyl)-, 6-[2-(alkylsulfanyl)ethyl]-, and 6-[2-(dialkylamino)vinyl]purine nucleosides.
Year : 2008
Volume : 16
Issue : 3
First Page : 1400
Last Page : 1424
Authors : Kuchar M, Hocek M, Pohl R, Votruba I, Shih IH, Mabery E, Mackman R.
Abstract : An efficient and facile synthesis of a large series of diverse 6-[2-(dialkylamino)vinyl]-, 6-[2-(dialkylamino)ethyl]-, 6-(2-alkoxyethyl)-, and 6-[2-(alkylsulfanyl)ethyl]purine nucleosides (35 examples of both ribo- and 2'-deoxyribonucleosides) was developed. The key transformations involved conjugate nucleophilic additions of amines, alcoholates, or thiolates to Tol-protected 6-alkylylpurine or 6-vinylpurine nucleosides. 6-[(2-Dialkylamino)vinyl]- and some 6-[(2-dialkylamino)ethyl]purine ribonucleosides exerted significant cytostatic effects and some anti-HCV activity with low selectivity.
|
Cytostatic activity against human HL60 cells ATCC CCL 240 assessed as growth reduction after 72 hrs
|
Homo sapiens
|
12.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis, cytostatic, and antiviral activity of novel 6-[2-(dialkylamino)ethyl]-, 6-(2-alkoxyethyl)-, 6-[2-(alkylsulfanyl)ethyl]-, and 6-[2-(dialkylamino)vinyl]purine nucleosides.
Year : 2008
Volume : 16
Issue : 3
First Page : 1400
Last Page : 1424
Authors : Kuchar M, Hocek M, Pohl R, Votruba I, Shih IH, Mabery E, Mackman R.
Abstract : An efficient and facile synthesis of a large series of diverse 6-[2-(dialkylamino)vinyl]-, 6-[2-(dialkylamino)ethyl]-, 6-(2-alkoxyethyl)-, and 6-[2-(alkylsulfanyl)ethyl]purine nucleosides (35 examples of both ribo- and 2'-deoxyribonucleosides) was developed. The key transformations involved conjugate nucleophilic additions of amines, alcoholates, or thiolates to Tol-protected 6-alkylylpurine or 6-vinylpurine nucleosides. 6-[(2-Dialkylamino)vinyl]- and some 6-[(2-dialkylamino)ethyl]purine ribonucleosides exerted significant cytostatic effects and some anti-HCV activity with low selectivity.
|
Cytostatic activity against human CCRF-CEM cells ATCC CCL 119 assessed as growth reduction after 72 hrs
|
Homo sapiens
|
17.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis, cytostatic, and antiviral activity of novel 6-[2-(dialkylamino)ethyl]-, 6-(2-alkoxyethyl)-, 6-[2-(alkylsulfanyl)ethyl]-, and 6-[2-(dialkylamino)vinyl]purine nucleosides.
Year : 2008
Volume : 16
Issue : 3
First Page : 1400
Last Page : 1424
Authors : Kuchar M, Hocek M, Pohl R, Votruba I, Shih IH, Mabery E, Mackman R.
Abstract : An efficient and facile synthesis of a large series of diverse 6-[2-(dialkylamino)vinyl]-, 6-[2-(dialkylamino)ethyl]-, 6-(2-alkoxyethyl)-, and 6-[2-(alkylsulfanyl)ethyl]purine nucleosides (35 examples of both ribo- and 2'-deoxyribonucleosides) was developed. The key transformations involved conjugate nucleophilic additions of amines, alcoholates, or thiolates to Tol-protected 6-alkylylpurine or 6-vinylpurine nucleosides. 6-[(2-Dialkylamino)vinyl]- and some 6-[(2-dialkylamino)ethyl]purine ribonucleosides exerted significant cytostatic effects and some anti-HCV activity with low selectivity.
|
Cytostatic activity in mouse L1210 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth after 72 hrs
|
Mus musculus
|
12.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis, cytostatic and anti-HCV activity of 6-(N-substituted aminomethyl)-, 6-(O-substituted hydroxymethyl)- and 6-(S-substituted sulfanylmethyl)purine nucleosides.
Year : 2008
Volume : 16
Issue : 5
First Page : 2329
Last Page : 2366
Authors : Silhár P, Hocek M, Pohl R, Votruba I, Shih IH, Mabery E, Mackman R.
Abstract : An efficient and facile synthesis of a large series of diverse 6-(N-substituted aminomethyl)-, 6-(O-substituted hydroxymethyl)- and 6-(S-substituted sulfanylmethyl)purine nucleosides (55 examples of both ribo- and 2'-deoxyribonucleosides), aimed at identifying novel homologues of natural nucleosides, was developed. The key transformation involved nucleophilic substitutions of Tol-protected 6-(mesyloxymethyl)purine nucleosides by primary or secondary amines, alcoholates or thiolates. While the 2'-deoxyribonucleosides were inactive, the ribonucleosides exerted considerable cytostatic effects and some anti-HCV activity with low selectivity.
|
Cytostatic activity in human HL60 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth after 72 hrs
|
Homo sapiens
|
12.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis, cytostatic and anti-HCV activity of 6-(N-substituted aminomethyl)-, 6-(O-substituted hydroxymethyl)- and 6-(S-substituted sulfanylmethyl)purine nucleosides.
Year : 2008
Volume : 16
Issue : 5
First Page : 2329
Last Page : 2366
Authors : Silhár P, Hocek M, Pohl R, Votruba I, Shih IH, Mabery E, Mackman R.
Abstract : An efficient and facile synthesis of a large series of diverse 6-(N-substituted aminomethyl)-, 6-(O-substituted hydroxymethyl)- and 6-(S-substituted sulfanylmethyl)purine nucleosides (55 examples of both ribo- and 2'-deoxyribonucleosides), aimed at identifying novel homologues of natural nucleosides, was developed. The key transformation involved nucleophilic substitutions of Tol-protected 6-(mesyloxymethyl)purine nucleosides by primary or secondary amines, alcoholates or thiolates. While the 2'-deoxyribonucleosides were inactive, the ribonucleosides exerted considerable cytostatic effects and some anti-HCV activity with low selectivity.
|
Cytostatic activity in human CCRF-CEM cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth after 72 hrs
|
Homo sapiens
|
17.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis, cytostatic and anti-HCV activity of 6-(N-substituted aminomethyl)-, 6-(O-substituted hydroxymethyl)- and 6-(S-substituted sulfanylmethyl)purine nucleosides.
Year : 2008
Volume : 16
Issue : 5
First Page : 2329
Last Page : 2366
Authors : Silhár P, Hocek M, Pohl R, Votruba I, Shih IH, Mabery E, Mackman R.
Abstract : An efficient and facile synthesis of a large series of diverse 6-(N-substituted aminomethyl)-, 6-(O-substituted hydroxymethyl)- and 6-(S-substituted sulfanylmethyl)purine nucleosides (55 examples of both ribo- and 2'-deoxyribonucleosides), aimed at identifying novel homologues of natural nucleosides, was developed. The key transformation involved nucleophilic substitutions of Tol-protected 6-(mesyloxymethyl)purine nucleosides by primary or secondary amines, alcoholates or thiolates. While the 2'-deoxyribonucleosides were inactive, the ribonucleosides exerted considerable cytostatic effects and some anti-HCV activity with low selectivity.
|
Antiparasitic activity against Toxoplasma gondii ATCC 50839 infected in HFF cells after 72 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
|
Toxoplasma gondii
|
910.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Artemisinin-resistant mutants of Toxoplasma gondii have altered calcium homeostasis.
Year : 2007
Volume : 51
Issue : 11
First Page : 3816
Last Page : 3823
Authors : Nagamune K, Moreno SN, Sibley LD.
Abstract : Artemisinin is a plant sesquiterpene lactone that has become an important drug for combating malaria, especially in regions where resistance to other drugs is widespread. While the mechanism of action is debated, artemisinin has been reported to inhibit the sarcoplasmic endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase (SERCA) in the malaria parasite. Artemisinin is also effective against Toxoplasma in vitro and in vivo, although it is less potent and, hence, is generally not used therapeutically to treat toxoplasmosis. To explore the mechanism of action, we generated chemically derived mutants of Toxoplasma gondii that were resistant to growth inhibition by this compound in vitro. Three artemisinin-resistant (ART(r)) mutant clones that differed in their sensitivities in vitro by three- to fivefold compared with that of the wild-type parasites were obtained. ART(r) mutants were cross-resistant to other derivatives of artemisinin, the most potent of which was artemisone. Resistance was not due to molecular alterations or differences in the expression of SERCA or other putative targets, such as proteins that code for multidrug resistance or translationally controlled tumor protein. ART(r) mutants were resistant to the induction of protein secretion from micronemes, a calcium-dependent process that is triggered by artemisinin. ART(r) mutants were not cross-resistant to secretion induced by thapsigargin but were more sensitive and were unable to regulate cytoslic calcium following treatment with this compound. These studies implicate calcium homeostasis in the mechanism of action of artemisinins against apicomplexan parasites.
|
Antiparasitic activity against artemisinin-resistant Toxoplasma gondii STL500-10A infected in HFF cells after 72 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
|
Toxoplasma gondii
|
960.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
Title : Artemisinin-resistant mutants of Toxoplasma gondii have altered calcium homeostasis.
Year : 2007
Volume : 51
Issue : 11
First Page : 3816
Last Page : 3823
Authors : Nagamune K, Moreno SN, Sibley LD.
Abstract : Artemisinin is a plant sesquiterpene lactone that has become an important drug for combating malaria, especially in regions where resistance to other drugs is widespread. While the mechanism of action is debated, artemisinin has been reported to inhibit the sarcoplasmic endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase (SERCA) in the malaria parasite. Artemisinin is also effective against Toxoplasma in vitro and in vivo, although it is less potent and, hence, is generally not used therapeutically to treat toxoplasmosis. To explore the mechanism of action, we generated chemically derived mutants of Toxoplasma gondii that were resistant to growth inhibition by this compound in vitro. Three artemisinin-resistant (ART(r)) mutant clones that differed in their sensitivities in vitro by three- to fivefold compared with that of the wild-type parasites were obtained. ART(r) mutants were cross-resistant to other derivatives of artemisinin, the most potent of which was artemisone. Resistance was not due to molecular alterations or differences in the expression of SERCA or other putative targets, such as proteins that code for multidrug resistance or translationally controlled tumor protein. ART(r) mutants were resistant to the induction of protein secretion from micronemes, a calcium-dependent process that is triggered by artemisinin. ART(r) mutants were not cross-resistant to secretion induced by thapsigargin but were more sensitive and were unable to regulate cytoslic calcium following treatment with this compound. These studies implicate calcium homeostasis in the mechanism of action of artemisinins against apicomplexan parasites.
|
Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells overexpressing urokinase plasminogen activator
|
Homo sapiens
|
210.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Selective targeting of 2'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine to urokinase positive malignant cells in vitro.
Year : 2010
Volume : 20
Issue : 9
First Page : 2908
Last Page : 2911
Authors : Vine KL, Locke JM, Bremner JB, Pyne SG, Ranson M.
Abstract : A urokinase targeting conjugate of 2'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5-FUdr) was synthesized and tested for tumor-cell selective cytotoxicity in vitro. The 5-FUdr prodrug 2'-deoxy-5-fluoro-3'-O-(3-carboxypropanoyl)uridine (5-FUdrsuccOH) containing an ester-labile succinate linker was attached to the specific urokinase inhibitor plasminogen activator inhibitor type II (PAI-2) and was found to preferentially kill urokinase-over expressing cancer cells. Up to 7 molecules of 5-FUdr were incorporated per PAI-2 molecule without affecting protein activity. This is the first time a small organic cytotoxin has been conjugated to PAI-2.
|
PUBCHEM_BIOASSAY: Luminescence Microorganism-Based Dose Confirmation HTS to Identify Compounds Cytotoxic to SK(-)GAS Group A Streptococcus. (Class of assay: confirmatory) [Related pubchem assays: 1677 (Project Summary), 1662 (Primary HTS)]
|
Streptococcus
|
916.0
nM
|
|
Title : PubChem BioAssay data set
|
PUBCHEM_BIOASSAY: Luminescence Microorganism-Based Dose Confirmation HTS to Identify Inhibitors of Streptokinase Promotor Activity. (Class of assay: confirmatory) [Related pubchem assays: 1677 (Project Summary), 1662 (Primary HTS)]
|
Streptococcus pyogenes M1 GAS
|
689.0
nM
|
|
Title : PubChem BioAssay data set
|
PUBCHEM_BIOASSAY: Luminescence Cell-Based Dose Confirmation HTS to Identify Compounds Cytotoxic to BJeLR RAS-Dependent Fibroblast. (Class of assay: confirmatory) [Related pubchem assays: 1674 (Project Summary), 1554 (Primary HTS)]
|
Homo sapiens
|
596.0
nM
|
|
Title : PubChem BioAssay data set
|
Cytostatic activity against mouse L1210 cells after 2 days by coulter counting analysis
|
Mus musculus
|
1.1
nM
|
|
Journal : Eur. J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological evaluation of unsaturated keto and exomethylene D-arabinopyranonucleoside analogs: novel 5-fluorouracil analogs that target thymidylate synthase.
Year : 2011
Volume : 46
Issue : 4
First Page : 993
Last Page : 1005
Authors : Tzioumaki N, Manta S, Tsoukala E, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Komiotis D, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The synthesis of pyrimidine unsaturated keto and exomethylene arabinopyranonucleoside analogs as potential antitumor and antiviral agents is described. Commercially available 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-D-arabinopyranose (1) was condensed with silylated thymine, uracil, 5-fluorouracil, N(4)-benzoyl cytosine and 5-(trifluoromethyl)uracil, respectively, deacetylated and acetylated to afford 1-(3,4-O-isopropylidene-α-D-arabinopyranosyl)pyrimidine analogs 4. Two different synthetic routes were investigated for the conversion of compounds 4 into the new 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)nucleoside derivatives of thymine (10a), uracil (10b), 5-fluorouracil (10c) and N(4)-benzoyl cytosine (10d). Only the first approach could afford derivative 10d. Debenzoylation of 10d afforded 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)cytosine (10f). The first approach resulted also to the 2-keto-3,4-unsaturated analogs 9. The new analogs did not show inhibition of DNA and RNA virus replication in cell culture. The 2'-ketonucleoside derivatives 9 were found to be more cytostatic than the corresponding 2'-exomethylene nucleosides 10. The 5-fluorouracil unsaturated keto derivative 9c and the exomethylene derivatives 10c and 13c showed antiproliferative activity in the lower micromolar range. Experimental evidence revealed that 9c, 10c and 13c may act as novel types of 5-fluorouracil releasing prodrugs, and points to thymidylate synthase as target for their cytostatic action.
|
Cytostatic activity against mouse FM3A cells after 2 days by coulter counting analysis
|
Mus musculus
|
9.4
nM
|
|
Journal : Eur. J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological evaluation of unsaturated keto and exomethylene D-arabinopyranonucleoside analogs: novel 5-fluorouracil analogs that target thymidylate synthase.
Year : 2011
Volume : 46
Issue : 4
First Page : 993
Last Page : 1005
Authors : Tzioumaki N, Manta S, Tsoukala E, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Komiotis D, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The synthesis of pyrimidine unsaturated keto and exomethylene arabinopyranonucleoside analogs as potential antitumor and antiviral agents is described. Commercially available 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-D-arabinopyranose (1) was condensed with silylated thymine, uracil, 5-fluorouracil, N(4)-benzoyl cytosine and 5-(trifluoromethyl)uracil, respectively, deacetylated and acetylated to afford 1-(3,4-O-isopropylidene-α-D-arabinopyranosyl)pyrimidine analogs 4. Two different synthetic routes were investigated for the conversion of compounds 4 into the new 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)nucleoside derivatives of thymine (10a), uracil (10b), 5-fluorouracil (10c) and N(4)-benzoyl cytosine (10d). Only the first approach could afford derivative 10d. Debenzoylation of 10d afforded 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)cytosine (10f). The first approach resulted also to the 2-keto-3,4-unsaturated analogs 9. The new analogs did not show inhibition of DNA and RNA virus replication in cell culture. The 2'-ketonucleoside derivatives 9 were found to be more cytostatic than the corresponding 2'-exomethylene nucleosides 10. The 5-fluorouracil unsaturated keto derivative 9c and the exomethylene derivatives 10c and 13c showed antiproliferative activity in the lower micromolar range. Experimental evidence revealed that 9c, 10c and 13c may act as novel types of 5-fluorouracil releasing prodrugs, and points to thymidylate synthase as target for their cytostatic action.
|
Cytostatic activity against mouse L1210 cells in presence of 20 uM 2'-deoxyuridine
|
Mus musculus
|
5.1
nM
|
|
Journal : Eur. J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological evaluation of unsaturated keto and exomethylene D-arabinopyranonucleoside analogs: novel 5-fluorouracil analogs that target thymidylate synthase.
Year : 2011
Volume : 46
Issue : 4
First Page : 993
Last Page : 1005
Authors : Tzioumaki N, Manta S, Tsoukala E, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Komiotis D, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The synthesis of pyrimidine unsaturated keto and exomethylene arabinopyranonucleoside analogs as potential antitumor and antiviral agents is described. Commercially available 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-D-arabinopyranose (1) was condensed with silylated thymine, uracil, 5-fluorouracil, N(4)-benzoyl cytosine and 5-(trifluoromethyl)uracil, respectively, deacetylated and acetylated to afford 1-(3,4-O-isopropylidene-α-D-arabinopyranosyl)pyrimidine analogs 4. Two different synthetic routes were investigated for the conversion of compounds 4 into the new 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)nucleoside derivatives of thymine (10a), uracil (10b), 5-fluorouracil (10c) and N(4)-benzoyl cytosine (10d). Only the first approach could afford derivative 10d. Debenzoylation of 10d afforded 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)cytosine (10f). The first approach resulted also to the 2-keto-3,4-unsaturated analogs 9. The new analogs did not show inhibition of DNA and RNA virus replication in cell culture. The 2'-ketonucleoside derivatives 9 were found to be more cytostatic than the corresponding 2'-exomethylene nucleosides 10. The 5-fluorouracil unsaturated keto derivative 9c and the exomethylene derivatives 10c and 13c showed antiproliferative activity in the lower micromolar range. Experimental evidence revealed that 9c, 10c and 13c may act as novel types of 5-fluorouracil releasing prodrugs, and points to thymidylate synthase as target for their cytostatic action.
|
Cytostatic activity against mouse L1210 cells in presence of 500 uM uridine
|
Mus musculus
|
2.3
nM
|
|
Journal : Eur. J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological evaluation of unsaturated keto and exomethylene D-arabinopyranonucleoside analogs: novel 5-fluorouracil analogs that target thymidylate synthase.
Year : 2011
Volume : 46
Issue : 4
First Page : 993
Last Page : 1005
Authors : Tzioumaki N, Manta S, Tsoukala E, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Komiotis D, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The synthesis of pyrimidine unsaturated keto and exomethylene arabinopyranonucleoside analogs as potential antitumor and antiviral agents is described. Commercially available 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-D-arabinopyranose (1) was condensed with silylated thymine, uracil, 5-fluorouracil, N(4)-benzoyl cytosine and 5-(trifluoromethyl)uracil, respectively, deacetylated and acetylated to afford 1-(3,4-O-isopropylidene-α-D-arabinopyranosyl)pyrimidine analogs 4. Two different synthetic routes were investigated for the conversion of compounds 4 into the new 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)nucleoside derivatives of thymine (10a), uracil (10b), 5-fluorouracil (10c) and N(4)-benzoyl cytosine (10d). Only the first approach could afford derivative 10d. Debenzoylation of 10d afforded 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)cytosine (10f). The first approach resulted also to the 2-keto-3,4-unsaturated analogs 9. The new analogs did not show inhibition of DNA and RNA virus replication in cell culture. The 2'-ketonucleoside derivatives 9 were found to be more cytostatic than the corresponding 2'-exomethylene nucleosides 10. The 5-fluorouracil unsaturated keto derivative 9c and the exomethylene derivatives 10c and 13c showed antiproliferative activity in the lower micromolar range. Experimental evidence revealed that 9c, 10c and 13c may act as novel types of 5-fluorouracil releasing prodrugs, and points to thymidylate synthase as target for their cytostatic action.
|
Cytostatic activity against mouse L1210 cells in presence of 500 uM uracil
|
Mus musculus
|
0.63
nM
|
|
Journal : Eur. J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological evaluation of unsaturated keto and exomethylene D-arabinopyranonucleoside analogs: novel 5-fluorouracil analogs that target thymidylate synthase.
Year : 2011
Volume : 46
Issue : 4
First Page : 993
Last Page : 1005
Authors : Tzioumaki N, Manta S, Tsoukala E, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Komiotis D, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The synthesis of pyrimidine unsaturated keto and exomethylene arabinopyranonucleoside analogs as potential antitumor and antiviral agents is described. Commercially available 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-D-arabinopyranose (1) was condensed with silylated thymine, uracil, 5-fluorouracil, N(4)-benzoyl cytosine and 5-(trifluoromethyl)uracil, respectively, deacetylated and acetylated to afford 1-(3,4-O-isopropylidene-α-D-arabinopyranosyl)pyrimidine analogs 4. Two different synthetic routes were investigated for the conversion of compounds 4 into the new 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)nucleoside derivatives of thymine (10a), uracil (10b), 5-fluorouracil (10c) and N(4)-benzoyl cytosine (10d). Only the first approach could afford derivative 10d. Debenzoylation of 10d afforded 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)cytosine (10f). The first approach resulted also to the 2-keto-3,4-unsaturated analogs 9. The new analogs did not show inhibition of DNA and RNA virus replication in cell culture. The 2'-ketonucleoside derivatives 9 were found to be more cytostatic than the corresponding 2'-exomethylene nucleosides 10. The 5-fluorouracil unsaturated keto derivative 9c and the exomethylene derivatives 10c and 13c showed antiproliferative activity in the lower micromolar range. Experimental evidence revealed that 9c, 10c and 13c may act as novel types of 5-fluorouracil releasing prodrugs, and points to thymidylate synthase as target for their cytostatic action.
|
Cytostatic activity against human HeLa cells in presence of 20 uM 2'-deoxyuridine
|
Homo sapiens
|
21.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Eur. J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological evaluation of unsaturated keto and exomethylene D-arabinopyranonucleoside analogs: novel 5-fluorouracil analogs that target thymidylate synthase.
Year : 2011
Volume : 46
Issue : 4
First Page : 993
Last Page : 1005
Authors : Tzioumaki N, Manta S, Tsoukala E, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Komiotis D, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The synthesis of pyrimidine unsaturated keto and exomethylene arabinopyranonucleoside analogs as potential antitumor and antiviral agents is described. Commercially available 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-D-arabinopyranose (1) was condensed with silylated thymine, uracil, 5-fluorouracil, N(4)-benzoyl cytosine and 5-(trifluoromethyl)uracil, respectively, deacetylated and acetylated to afford 1-(3,4-O-isopropylidene-α-D-arabinopyranosyl)pyrimidine analogs 4. Two different synthetic routes were investigated for the conversion of compounds 4 into the new 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)nucleoside derivatives of thymine (10a), uracil (10b), 5-fluorouracil (10c) and N(4)-benzoyl cytosine (10d). Only the first approach could afford derivative 10d. Debenzoylation of 10d afforded 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)cytosine (10f). The first approach resulted also to the 2-keto-3,4-unsaturated analogs 9. The new analogs did not show inhibition of DNA and RNA virus replication in cell culture. The 2'-ketonucleoside derivatives 9 were found to be more cytostatic than the corresponding 2'-exomethylene nucleosides 10. The 5-fluorouracil unsaturated keto derivative 9c and the exomethylene derivatives 10c and 13c showed antiproliferative activity in the lower micromolar range. Experimental evidence revealed that 9c, 10c and 13c may act as novel types of 5-fluorouracil releasing prodrugs, and points to thymidylate synthase as target for their cytostatic action.
|
Cytostatic activity against human HeLa cells in presence of 500 uM uridine
|
Homo sapiens
|
61.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Eur. J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological evaluation of unsaturated keto and exomethylene D-arabinopyranonucleoside analogs: novel 5-fluorouracil analogs that target thymidylate synthase.
Year : 2011
Volume : 46
Issue : 4
First Page : 993
Last Page : 1005
Authors : Tzioumaki N, Manta S, Tsoukala E, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Komiotis D, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The synthesis of pyrimidine unsaturated keto and exomethylene arabinopyranonucleoside analogs as potential antitumor and antiviral agents is described. Commercially available 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-D-arabinopyranose (1) was condensed with silylated thymine, uracil, 5-fluorouracil, N(4)-benzoyl cytosine and 5-(trifluoromethyl)uracil, respectively, deacetylated and acetylated to afford 1-(3,4-O-isopropylidene-α-D-arabinopyranosyl)pyrimidine analogs 4. Two different synthetic routes were investigated for the conversion of compounds 4 into the new 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)nucleoside derivatives of thymine (10a), uracil (10b), 5-fluorouracil (10c) and N(4)-benzoyl cytosine (10d). Only the first approach could afford derivative 10d. Debenzoylation of 10d afforded 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)cytosine (10f). The first approach resulted also to the 2-keto-3,4-unsaturated analogs 9. The new analogs did not show inhibition of DNA and RNA virus replication in cell culture. The 2'-ketonucleoside derivatives 9 were found to be more cytostatic than the corresponding 2'-exomethylene nucleosides 10. The 5-fluorouracil unsaturated keto derivative 9c and the exomethylene derivatives 10c and 13c showed antiproliferative activity in the lower micromolar range. Experimental evidence revealed that 9c, 10c and 13c may act as novel types of 5-fluorouracil releasing prodrugs, and points to thymidylate synthase as target for their cytostatic action.
|
Cytostatic activity against human HeLa cells in presence of 500 uM uracil
|
Homo sapiens
|
110.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Eur. J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological evaluation of unsaturated keto and exomethylene D-arabinopyranonucleoside analogs: novel 5-fluorouracil analogs that target thymidylate synthase.
Year : 2011
Volume : 46
Issue : 4
First Page : 993
Last Page : 1005
Authors : Tzioumaki N, Manta S, Tsoukala E, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Komiotis D, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The synthesis of pyrimidine unsaturated keto and exomethylene arabinopyranonucleoside analogs as potential antitumor and antiviral agents is described. Commercially available 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-D-arabinopyranose (1) was condensed with silylated thymine, uracil, 5-fluorouracil, N(4)-benzoyl cytosine and 5-(trifluoromethyl)uracil, respectively, deacetylated and acetylated to afford 1-(3,4-O-isopropylidene-α-D-arabinopyranosyl)pyrimidine analogs 4. Two different synthetic routes were investigated for the conversion of compounds 4 into the new 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)nucleoside derivatives of thymine (10a), uracil (10b), 5-fluorouracil (10c) and N(4)-benzoyl cytosine (10d). Only the first approach could afford derivative 10d. Debenzoylation of 10d afforded 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)cytosine (10f). The first approach resulted also to the 2-keto-3,4-unsaturated analogs 9. The new analogs did not show inhibition of DNA and RNA virus replication in cell culture. The 2'-ketonucleoside derivatives 9 were found to be more cytostatic than the corresponding 2'-exomethylene nucleosides 10. The 5-fluorouracil unsaturated keto derivative 9c and the exomethylene derivatives 10c and 13c showed antiproliferative activity in the lower micromolar range. Experimental evidence revealed that 9c, 10c and 13c may act as novel types of 5-fluorouracil releasing prodrugs, and points to thymidylate synthase as target for their cytostatic action.
|
Inhibition of thymidylate synthase in mouse L1210 cells assessed as inhibition of tritium release from [5-3H]deoxyuridine after preincubation for 15 mins by liquid scintillation counting
|
Mus musculus
|
0.6
nM
|
|
Journal : Eur. J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological evaluation of unsaturated keto and exomethylene D-arabinopyranonucleoside analogs: novel 5-fluorouracil analogs that target thymidylate synthase.
Year : 2011
Volume : 46
Issue : 4
First Page : 993
Last Page : 1005
Authors : Tzioumaki N, Manta S, Tsoukala E, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Komiotis D, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The synthesis of pyrimidine unsaturated keto and exomethylene arabinopyranonucleoside analogs as potential antitumor and antiviral agents is described. Commercially available 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-D-arabinopyranose (1) was condensed with silylated thymine, uracil, 5-fluorouracil, N(4)-benzoyl cytosine and 5-(trifluoromethyl)uracil, respectively, deacetylated and acetylated to afford 1-(3,4-O-isopropylidene-α-D-arabinopyranosyl)pyrimidine analogs 4. Two different synthetic routes were investigated for the conversion of compounds 4 into the new 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)nucleoside derivatives of thymine (10a), uracil (10b), 5-fluorouracil (10c) and N(4)-benzoyl cytosine (10d). Only the first approach could afford derivative 10d. Debenzoylation of 10d afforded 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)cytosine (10f). The first approach resulted also to the 2-keto-3,4-unsaturated analogs 9. The new analogs did not show inhibition of DNA and RNA virus replication in cell culture. The 2'-ketonucleoside derivatives 9 were found to be more cytostatic than the corresponding 2'-exomethylene nucleosides 10. The 5-fluorouracil unsaturated keto derivative 9c and the exomethylene derivatives 10c and 13c showed antiproliferative activity in the lower micromolar range. Experimental evidence revealed that 9c, 10c and 13c may act as novel types of 5-fluorouracil releasing prodrugs, and points to thymidylate synthase as target for their cytostatic action.
|
Inhibition of thymidylate synthase in mouse L1210 cells assessed as inhibition of tritium release from [5-3H]deoxyuridine after preincubation for 4 hrs by liquid scintillation counting
|
Mus musculus
|
0.4
nM
|
|
Journal : Eur. J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological evaluation of unsaturated keto and exomethylene D-arabinopyranonucleoside analogs: novel 5-fluorouracil analogs that target thymidylate synthase.
Year : 2011
Volume : 46
Issue : 4
First Page : 993
Last Page : 1005
Authors : Tzioumaki N, Manta S, Tsoukala E, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Komiotis D, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The synthesis of pyrimidine unsaturated keto and exomethylene arabinopyranonucleoside analogs as potential antitumor and antiviral agents is described. Commercially available 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-D-arabinopyranose (1) was condensed with silylated thymine, uracil, 5-fluorouracil, N(4)-benzoyl cytosine and 5-(trifluoromethyl)uracil, respectively, deacetylated and acetylated to afford 1-(3,4-O-isopropylidene-α-D-arabinopyranosyl)pyrimidine analogs 4. Two different synthetic routes were investigated for the conversion of compounds 4 into the new 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)nucleoside derivatives of thymine (10a), uracil (10b), 5-fluorouracil (10c) and N(4)-benzoyl cytosine (10d). Only the first approach could afford derivative 10d. Debenzoylation of 10d afforded 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)cytosine (10f). The first approach resulted also to the 2-keto-3,4-unsaturated analogs 9. The new analogs did not show inhibition of DNA and RNA virus replication in cell culture. The 2'-ketonucleoside derivatives 9 were found to be more cytostatic than the corresponding 2'-exomethylene nucleosides 10. The 5-fluorouracil unsaturated keto derivative 9c and the exomethylene derivatives 10c and 13c showed antiproliferative activity in the lower micromolar range. Experimental evidence revealed that 9c, 10c and 13c may act as novel types of 5-fluorouracil releasing prodrugs, and points to thymidylate synthase as target for their cytostatic action.
|
Inhibition of thymidylate synthase in mouse L1210 cells assessed as inhibition of tritium release from [5-3H]deoxyuridine after preincubation for 24 hrs by liquid scintillation counting
|
Mus musculus
|
0.4
nM
|
|
Journal : Eur. J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological evaluation of unsaturated keto and exomethylene D-arabinopyranonucleoside analogs: novel 5-fluorouracil analogs that target thymidylate synthase.
Year : 2011
Volume : 46
Issue : 4
First Page : 993
Last Page : 1005
Authors : Tzioumaki N, Manta S, Tsoukala E, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Komiotis D, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The synthesis of pyrimidine unsaturated keto and exomethylene arabinopyranonucleoside analogs as potential antitumor and antiviral agents is described. Commercially available 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-D-arabinopyranose (1) was condensed with silylated thymine, uracil, 5-fluorouracil, N(4)-benzoyl cytosine and 5-(trifluoromethyl)uracil, respectively, deacetylated and acetylated to afford 1-(3,4-O-isopropylidene-α-D-arabinopyranosyl)pyrimidine analogs 4. Two different synthetic routes were investigated for the conversion of compounds 4 into the new 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)nucleoside derivatives of thymine (10a), uracil (10b), 5-fluorouracil (10c) and N(4)-benzoyl cytosine (10d). Only the first approach could afford derivative 10d. Debenzoylation of 10d afforded 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)cytosine (10f). The first approach resulted also to the 2-keto-3,4-unsaturated analogs 9. The new analogs did not show inhibition of DNA and RNA virus replication in cell culture. The 2'-ketonucleoside derivatives 9 were found to be more cytostatic than the corresponding 2'-exomethylene nucleosides 10. The 5-fluorouracil unsaturated keto derivative 9c and the exomethylene derivatives 10c and 13c showed antiproliferative activity in the lower micromolar range. Experimental evidence revealed that 9c, 10c and 13c may act as novel types of 5-fluorouracil releasing prodrugs, and points to thymidylate synthase as target for their cytostatic action.
|
Inhibition of thymidylate synthase in mouse L1210 cells assessed as inhibition of tritium release from [5-3H]deoxycytidine after preincubation for 15 mins by liquid scintillation counting
|
Mus musculus
|
0.6
nM
|
|
Journal : Eur. J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological evaluation of unsaturated keto and exomethylene D-arabinopyranonucleoside analogs: novel 5-fluorouracil analogs that target thymidylate synthase.
Year : 2011
Volume : 46
Issue : 4
First Page : 993
Last Page : 1005
Authors : Tzioumaki N, Manta S, Tsoukala E, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Komiotis D, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The synthesis of pyrimidine unsaturated keto and exomethylene arabinopyranonucleoside analogs as potential antitumor and antiviral agents is described. Commercially available 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-D-arabinopyranose (1) was condensed with silylated thymine, uracil, 5-fluorouracil, N(4)-benzoyl cytosine and 5-(trifluoromethyl)uracil, respectively, deacetylated and acetylated to afford 1-(3,4-O-isopropylidene-α-D-arabinopyranosyl)pyrimidine analogs 4. Two different synthetic routes were investigated for the conversion of compounds 4 into the new 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)nucleoside derivatives of thymine (10a), uracil (10b), 5-fluorouracil (10c) and N(4)-benzoyl cytosine (10d). Only the first approach could afford derivative 10d. Debenzoylation of 10d afforded 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)cytosine (10f). The first approach resulted also to the 2-keto-3,4-unsaturated analogs 9. The new analogs did not show inhibition of DNA and RNA virus replication in cell culture. The 2'-ketonucleoside derivatives 9 were found to be more cytostatic than the corresponding 2'-exomethylene nucleosides 10. The 5-fluorouracil unsaturated keto derivative 9c and the exomethylene derivatives 10c and 13c showed antiproliferative activity in the lower micromolar range. Experimental evidence revealed that 9c, 10c and 13c may act as novel types of 5-fluorouracil releasing prodrugs, and points to thymidylate synthase as target for their cytostatic action.
|
Inhibition of thymidylate synthase in mouse L1210 cells assessed as inhibition of tritium release from [5-3H]deoxycytidine after preincubation for 4 hrs by liquid scintillation counting
|
Mus musculus
|
0.7
nM
|
|
Journal : Eur. J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological evaluation of unsaturated keto and exomethylene D-arabinopyranonucleoside analogs: novel 5-fluorouracil analogs that target thymidylate synthase.
Year : 2011
Volume : 46
Issue : 4
First Page : 993
Last Page : 1005
Authors : Tzioumaki N, Manta S, Tsoukala E, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Komiotis D, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The synthesis of pyrimidine unsaturated keto and exomethylene arabinopyranonucleoside analogs as potential antitumor and antiviral agents is described. Commercially available 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-D-arabinopyranose (1) was condensed with silylated thymine, uracil, 5-fluorouracil, N(4)-benzoyl cytosine and 5-(trifluoromethyl)uracil, respectively, deacetylated and acetylated to afford 1-(3,4-O-isopropylidene-α-D-arabinopyranosyl)pyrimidine analogs 4. Two different synthetic routes were investigated for the conversion of compounds 4 into the new 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)nucleoside derivatives of thymine (10a), uracil (10b), 5-fluorouracil (10c) and N(4)-benzoyl cytosine (10d). Only the first approach could afford derivative 10d. Debenzoylation of 10d afforded 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)cytosine (10f). The first approach resulted also to the 2-keto-3,4-unsaturated analogs 9. The new analogs did not show inhibition of DNA and RNA virus replication in cell culture. The 2'-ketonucleoside derivatives 9 were found to be more cytostatic than the corresponding 2'-exomethylene nucleosides 10. The 5-fluorouracil unsaturated keto derivative 9c and the exomethylene derivatives 10c and 13c showed antiproliferative activity in the lower micromolar range. Experimental evidence revealed that 9c, 10c and 13c may act as novel types of 5-fluorouracil releasing prodrugs, and points to thymidylate synthase as target for their cytostatic action.
|
Inhibition of thymidylate synthase in mouse L1210 cells assessed as inhibition of tritium release from [5-3H]deoxycytidine after preincubation for 24 hrs by liquid scintillation counting
|
Mus musculus
|
0.7
nM
|
|
Journal : Eur. J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological evaluation of unsaturated keto and exomethylene D-arabinopyranonucleoside analogs: novel 5-fluorouracil analogs that target thymidylate synthase.
Year : 2011
Volume : 46
Issue : 4
First Page : 993
Last Page : 1005
Authors : Tzioumaki N, Manta S, Tsoukala E, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Komiotis D, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The synthesis of pyrimidine unsaturated keto and exomethylene arabinopyranonucleoside analogs as potential antitumor and antiviral agents is described. Commercially available 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-D-arabinopyranose (1) was condensed with silylated thymine, uracil, 5-fluorouracil, N(4)-benzoyl cytosine and 5-(trifluoromethyl)uracil, respectively, deacetylated and acetylated to afford 1-(3,4-O-isopropylidene-α-D-arabinopyranosyl)pyrimidine analogs 4. Two different synthetic routes were investigated for the conversion of compounds 4 into the new 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)nucleoside derivatives of thymine (10a), uracil (10b), 5-fluorouracil (10c) and N(4)-benzoyl cytosine (10d). Only the first approach could afford derivative 10d. Debenzoylation of 10d afforded 1-(2,3,4-trideoxy-2-methylene-α-pent-3-enopyranosyl)cytosine (10f). The first approach resulted also to the 2-keto-3,4-unsaturated analogs 9. The new analogs did not show inhibition of DNA and RNA virus replication in cell culture. The 2'-ketonucleoside derivatives 9 were found to be more cytostatic than the corresponding 2'-exomethylene nucleosides 10. The 5-fluorouracil unsaturated keto derivative 9c and the exomethylene derivatives 10c and 13c showed antiproliferative activity in the lower micromolar range. Experimental evidence revealed that 9c, 10c and 13c may act as novel types of 5-fluorouracil releasing prodrugs, and points to thymidylate synthase as target for their cytostatic action.
|
Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by WST-8 assay
|
Homo sapiens
|
47.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Reductive activation of 5-fluorodeoxyuridine prodrug possessing azide methyl group by hypoxic X-irradiation.
Year : 2012
Volume : 22
Issue : 4
First Page : 1682
Last Page : 1685
Authors : Tanabe K, Ishizaki J, Ando Y, Ito T, Nishimoto S.
Abstract : We prepared a 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (5-FdUrd) derivative possessing azide methyl group (N(3)-FdUrd) as a novel radiation-activated prodrug. The parent antitumor agent, 5-FdUrd, was released efficiently from N(3)-FdUrd by hypoxic X-irradiation. On the other hand, the activation of N(3)-FdUrd was suppressed upon X-irradiation under aerobic conditions. A biological assay using A549 cells revealed that the cytotoxicity of N(3)-FdUrd was significantly enhanced by hypoxic X-irradiation.
|
Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 5 days by MTT assay
|
Homo sapiens
|
26.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Synthesis and study of cyclic pronucleotides of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine.
Year : 2012
Volume : 22
Issue : 14
First Page : 4497
Last Page : 4501
Authors : Jain HV, Kalman TI.
Abstract : A one-step method for the synthesis of cyclic pronucleotide (cProTide) derivatives of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUrd), utilizing a novel phosphoramidating reagent, is described. Stereochemistry at phosphorus was established by NMR studies and modeling. Cytotoxicity data of representative cProTide derivatives of FdUrd are presented. The observed cell-to-cell variations in activity suggests that it is feasible to screen for structural variations in the cProTide moiety favoring metabolic activation in cancer cells, which may lead to an increase in the therapeutic effectiveness of FdUrd. The method described is applicable to all anticancer and antiviral nucleoside analogs having both the 5'- and the 3'-OH groups available for modification, forming cProTide derivatives capable of delivering the 5'-monophosphates to cells.
|
Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by microplate reader method
|
Homo sapiens
|
12.4
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and one-electron reduction characteristics of radiation-activated prodrugs possessing two 5-fluorodeoxyuridine units.
Year : 2012
Volume : 20
Issue : 17
First Page : 5164
Last Page : 5168
Authors : Tanabe K, Sugiura M, Ito T, Nishimoto S.
Abstract : Two molecules of an antitumor agent, 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (5-FdUrd), were connected by a 2-oxoalkyl linker (Oxo-linker) at the N(3) position to obtain radiation-activated prodrugs, FdUrd(2) A and FdUrd(2) B. The prodrugs in this study released 5-FdUrd via one-electron reduction initiated by hypoxic X-irradiation. The release of 5-FdUrd from FdUrd(2) A and FdUrd(2) B proceeded more efficiently than that of previous prodrug, Oxo-FdUrd, which possessed one molecule of 5-FdUrd. FdUrd(2) A exhibited increased cytotoxicity against A549 cells when the FdUrd(2) A solution had been irradiated with a large dose of X-rays before administration to the cells. However, we observed no effect on cytotoxicity when the cells were X-irradiated under hypoxic conditions in the presence of FdUrd(2) A because the amount of 5-FdUrd released in the cells seemed to be too low to induce cytotoxic activity.
|
Cytostatic activity against human CEM cells expressing human ENT1 transporter after 72 hrs by cell counting in presence of NBMPR
|
Homo sapiens
|
800.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Phosphoramidate ProTides of the anticancer agent FUDR successfully deliver the preformed bioactive monophosphate in cells and confer advantage over the parent nucleoside.
Year : 2011
Volume : 54
Issue : 20
First Page : 7247
Last Page : 7258
Authors : McGuigan C, Murziani P, Slusarczyk M, Gonczy B, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The fluorinated pyrimidine family of nucleosides continues to represent major current chemotherapeutic agents for treating solid tumors. We herein report their phosphate prodrugs, ProTides, as promising new derivatives, which partially bypass the dependence of the current drugs on active transport and nucleoside kinase-mediated activation. They are also resistant to metabolic deactivation by phosphorolytic enzymes. We report 39 ProTides of the fluorinated pyrimidine FUDR with variation in the aryl, ester, and amino acid regions. Notably, only certain ProTide motifs are successful in delivering the nucleoside monophosphate into intact cells. We also find that the ProTides retain activity in mycoplasma infected cells, unlike FUDR. Data suggest these compounds to be worthy of further progression.
|
Cytostatic activity against human CEM cells expressing human ENT1 transporter after 72 hrs by cell counting
|
Homo sapiens
|
40.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Phosphoramidate ProTides of the anticancer agent FUDR successfully deliver the preformed bioactive monophosphate in cells and confer advantage over the parent nucleoside.
Year : 2011
Volume : 54
Issue : 20
First Page : 7247
Last Page : 7258
Authors : McGuigan C, Murziani P, Slusarczyk M, Gonczy B, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The fluorinated pyrimidine family of nucleosides continues to represent major current chemotherapeutic agents for treating solid tumors. We herein report their phosphate prodrugs, ProTides, as promising new derivatives, which partially bypass the dependence of the current drugs on active transport and nucleoside kinase-mediated activation. They are also resistant to metabolic deactivation by phosphorolytic enzymes. We report 39 ProTides of the fluorinated pyrimidine FUDR with variation in the aryl, ester, and amino acid regions. Notably, only certain ProTide motifs are successful in delivering the nucleoside monophosphate into intact cells. We also find that the ProTides retain activity in mycoplasma infected cells, unlike FUDR. Data suggest these compounds to be worthy of further progression.
|
Cytostatic activity against Mycoplasma hyorhinis-infected mouse L1210 cells after 48 hrs by cell counting
|
Mus musculus
|
340.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Phosphoramidate ProTides of the anticancer agent FUDR successfully deliver the preformed bioactive monophosphate in cells and confer advantage over the parent nucleoside.
Year : 2011
Volume : 54
Issue : 20
First Page : 7247
Last Page : 7258
Authors : McGuigan C, Murziani P, Slusarczyk M, Gonczy B, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The fluorinated pyrimidine family of nucleosides continues to represent major current chemotherapeutic agents for treating solid tumors. We herein report their phosphate prodrugs, ProTides, as promising new derivatives, which partially bypass the dependence of the current drugs on active transport and nucleoside kinase-mediated activation. They are also resistant to metabolic deactivation by phosphorolytic enzymes. We report 39 ProTides of the fluorinated pyrimidine FUDR with variation in the aryl, ester, and amino acid regions. Notably, only certain ProTide motifs are successful in delivering the nucleoside monophosphate into intact cells. We also find that the ProTides retain activity in mycoplasma infected cells, unlike FUDR. Data suggest these compounds to be worthy of further progression.
|
Cytostatic activity against human HeLa cells after 72 hrs by cell counting
|
Homo sapiens
|
50.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Phosphoramidate ProTides of the anticancer agent FUDR successfully deliver the preformed bioactive monophosphate in cells and confer advantage over the parent nucleoside.
Year : 2011
Volume : 54
Issue : 20
First Page : 7247
Last Page : 7258
Authors : McGuigan C, Murziani P, Slusarczyk M, Gonczy B, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The fluorinated pyrimidine family of nucleosides continues to represent major current chemotherapeutic agents for treating solid tumors. We herein report their phosphate prodrugs, ProTides, as promising new derivatives, which partially bypass the dependence of the current drugs on active transport and nucleoside kinase-mediated activation. They are also resistant to metabolic deactivation by phosphorolytic enzymes. We report 39 ProTides of the fluorinated pyrimidine FUDR with variation in the aryl, ester, and amino acid regions. Notably, only certain ProTide motifs are successful in delivering the nucleoside monophosphate into intact cells. We also find that the ProTides retain activity in mycoplasma infected cells, unlike FUDR. Data suggest these compounds to be worthy of further progression.
|
Cytostatic activity against human CEM/0 cells after 72 hrs by cell counting
|
Homo sapiens
|
22.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Phosphoramidate ProTides of the anticancer agent FUDR successfully deliver the preformed bioactive monophosphate in cells and confer advantage over the parent nucleoside.
Year : 2011
Volume : 54
Issue : 20
First Page : 7247
Last Page : 7258
Authors : McGuigan C, Murziani P, Slusarczyk M, Gonczy B, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The fluorinated pyrimidine family of nucleosides continues to represent major current chemotherapeutic agents for treating solid tumors. We herein report their phosphate prodrugs, ProTides, as promising new derivatives, which partially bypass the dependence of the current drugs on active transport and nucleoside kinase-mediated activation. They are also resistant to metabolic deactivation by phosphorolytic enzymes. We report 39 ProTides of the fluorinated pyrimidine FUDR with variation in the aryl, ester, and amino acid regions. Notably, only certain ProTide motifs are successful in delivering the nucleoside monophosphate into intact cells. We also find that the ProTides retain activity in mycoplasma infected cells, unlike FUDR. Data suggest these compounds to be worthy of further progression.
|
Cytostatic activity against mouse L1210/0 cells after 48 hrs by cell counting
|
Mus musculus
|
0.9
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Phosphoramidate ProTides of the anticancer agent FUDR successfully deliver the preformed bioactive monophosphate in cells and confer advantage over the parent nucleoside.
Year : 2011
Volume : 54
Issue : 20
First Page : 7247
Last Page : 7258
Authors : McGuigan C, Murziani P, Slusarczyk M, Gonczy B, Vande Voorde J, Liekens S, Balzarini J.
Abstract : The fluorinated pyrimidine family of nucleosides continues to represent major current chemotherapeutic agents for treating solid tumors. We herein report their phosphate prodrugs, ProTides, as promising new derivatives, which partially bypass the dependence of the current drugs on active transport and nucleoside kinase-mediated activation. They are also resistant to metabolic deactivation by phosphorolytic enzymes. We report 39 ProTides of the fluorinated pyrimidine FUDR with variation in the aryl, ester, and amino acid regions. Notably, only certain ProTide motifs are successful in delivering the nucleoside monophosphate into intact cells. We also find that the ProTides retain activity in mycoplasma infected cells, unlike FUDR. Data suggest these compounds to be worthy of further progression.
|
Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM
|
Cricetulus griseus
|
116.26
%
|
|
Journal : Mol. Pharmacol.
Title : Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
Year : 2013
Volume : 83
Issue : 6
First Page : 1257
Last Page : 1267
Authors : De Bruyn T, van Westen GJ, Ijzerman AP, Stieger B, de Witte P, Augustijns PF, Annaert PP.
Abstract : Several recent studies show that inhibition of the hepatic transport proteins organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) and 1B3 (OATP1B3) can result in clinically relevant drug-drug interactions (DDI). To avoid late-stage development drug failures due to OATP1B-mediated DDI, predictive in vitro and in silico methods should be implemented at an early stage of the drug candidate evaluation process. In the present study, we first developed a high-throughput in vitro transporter inhibition assay for the OATP1B subfamily. A total of 2000 compounds were tested as potential modulators of the uptake of the OATP1B substrate sodium fluorescein, in OATP1B1- or 1B3-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells. At an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 µM, 212 and 139 molecules were identified as OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 inhibitors, respectively (minimum 50% inhibition). For 69 compounds, previously not identified as OATP1B inhibitors, concentration-dependent inhibition was also determined, yielding Ki values ranging from 0.06 to 6.5 µM. Based on these in vitro data, we subsequently developed a proteochemometrics-based in silico model, which predicted OATP1B inhibitors in the test group (20% of the dataset) with high specificity (86%) and sensitivity (78%). Moreover, several physicochemical compound properties and substructures related to OATP1B1/1B3 inhibition or inactivity were identified. Finally, model performance was prospectively verified with a set of 54 compounds not included in the original dataset. This validation indicated that 80 and 74% of the compounds were correctly classified for OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 inhibition, respectively.
|
Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B3-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM
|
Cricetulus griseus
|
109.16
%
|
|
Journal : Mol. Pharmacol.
Title : Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
Year : 2013
Volume : 83
Issue : 6
First Page : 1257
Last Page : 1267
Authors : De Bruyn T, van Westen GJ, Ijzerman AP, Stieger B, de Witte P, Augustijns PF, Annaert PP.
Abstract : Several recent studies show that inhibition of the hepatic transport proteins organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) and 1B3 (OATP1B3) can result in clinically relevant drug-drug interactions (DDI). To avoid late-stage development drug failures due to OATP1B-mediated DDI, predictive in vitro and in silico methods should be implemented at an early stage of the drug candidate evaluation process. In the present study, we first developed a high-throughput in vitro transporter inhibition assay for the OATP1B subfamily. A total of 2000 compounds were tested as potential modulators of the uptake of the OATP1B substrate sodium fluorescein, in OATP1B1- or 1B3-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells. At an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 µM, 212 and 139 molecules were identified as OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 inhibitors, respectively (minimum 50% inhibition). For 69 compounds, previously not identified as OATP1B inhibitors, concentration-dependent inhibition was also determined, yielding Ki values ranging from 0.06 to 6.5 µM. Based on these in vitro data, we subsequently developed a proteochemometrics-based in silico model, which predicted OATP1B inhibitors in the test group (20% of the dataset) with high specificity (86%) and sensitivity (78%). Moreover, several physicochemical compound properties and substructures related to OATP1B1/1B3 inhibition or inactivity were identified. Finally, model performance was prospectively verified with a set of 54 compounds not included in the original dataset. This validation indicated that 80 and 74% of the compounds were correctly classified for OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 inhibition, respectively.
|
Antiviral activity against HSV1 CL101 infected in African green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of plaque formation at 0.1 uM after 40 hrs relative to control
|
Herpes simplex virus (type 1 / strain CL101)
|
88.0
%
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological activities of some uronic acids, uronates, uronamides, and urononitriles of pyrimidine nucleosides.
Year : 1978
Volume : 21
Issue : 11
First Page : 1141
Last Page : 1146
Authors : Schinazi RF, Chen MS, Prusoff WH.
Abstract : The 5'-hydroxymethylene function of several uracil and cytosine nucleosides has been modified to produce a variety of uronic acids, uronates, uronamides, and urononitriles of 2'-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl- and beta-D-arabino-pentofuranosylpyrimidines. In addition, the 5 position in many of these nucleosides has been substituted by a halogen atom. Twenty-one of the 35 compounds synthesized and examined for biological activity have not been previously reported. The purity of the products was measured by a high-pressure liquid chromatographic method. They were then evaluated as potential growth inhibitors of murine Sarcoma 180 cells in culture, of herpes simplex virus type 1 in vitro, and of Streptococcus faecium, a folic acid or deoxythymidine dependent bacterial strain. The ability of these nucleoside analogues to inhibit the phosphorylation of deoxythymidine by herpes simplex virus type 1 encoded pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside kinase was also investigated and a structure-activity relationship examined.
|
Cytotoxicity against mouse S180 cells at 0.001 uM after 18 to 42 hrs relative to control
|
Mus musculus
|
95.0
%
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological activities of some uronic acids, uronates, uronamides, and urononitriles of pyrimidine nucleosides.
Year : 1978
Volume : 21
Issue : 11
First Page : 1141
Last Page : 1146
Authors : Schinazi RF, Chen MS, Prusoff WH.
Abstract : The 5'-hydroxymethylene function of several uracil and cytosine nucleosides has been modified to produce a variety of uronic acids, uronates, uronamides, and urononitriles of 2'-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl- and beta-D-arabino-pentofuranosylpyrimidines. In addition, the 5 position in many of these nucleosides has been substituted by a halogen atom. Twenty-one of the 35 compounds synthesized and examined for biological activity have not been previously reported. The purity of the products was measured by a high-pressure liquid chromatographic method. They were then evaluated as potential growth inhibitors of murine Sarcoma 180 cells in culture, of herpes simplex virus type 1 in vitro, and of Streptococcus faecium, a folic acid or deoxythymidine dependent bacterial strain. The ability of these nucleoside analogues to inhibit the phosphorylation of deoxythymidine by herpes simplex virus type 1 encoded pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside kinase was also investigated and a structure-activity relationship examined.
|
Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus faecium assessed as growth inhibition at 400 uM after 15 to 17 hrs by turbidity assay in presence of 7 uM deoxythymidine
|
Enterococcus faecium
|
96.0
%
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological activities of some uronic acids, uronates, uronamides, and urononitriles of pyrimidine nucleosides.
Year : 1978
Volume : 21
Issue : 11
First Page : 1141
Last Page : 1146
Authors : Schinazi RF, Chen MS, Prusoff WH.
Abstract : The 5'-hydroxymethylene function of several uracil and cytosine nucleosides has been modified to produce a variety of uronic acids, uronates, uronamides, and urononitriles of 2'-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl- and beta-D-arabino-pentofuranosylpyrimidines. In addition, the 5 position in many of these nucleosides has been substituted by a halogen atom. Twenty-one of the 35 compounds synthesized and examined for biological activity have not been previously reported. The purity of the products was measured by a high-pressure liquid chromatographic method. They were then evaluated as potential growth inhibitors of murine Sarcoma 180 cells in culture, of herpes simplex virus type 1 in vitro, and of Streptococcus faecium, a folic acid or deoxythymidine dependent bacterial strain. The ability of these nucleoside analogues to inhibit the phosphorylation of deoxythymidine by herpes simplex virus type 1 encoded pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside kinase was also investigated and a structure-activity relationship examined.
|
Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus faecium assessed as growth inhibition at 400 uM after 15 to 17 hrs by turbidity assay in presence of 4.53 nM folic acid
|
Enterococcus faecium
|
95.0
%
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological activities of some uronic acids, uronates, uronamides, and urononitriles of pyrimidine nucleosides.
Year : 1978
Volume : 21
Issue : 11
First Page : 1141
Last Page : 1146
Authors : Schinazi RF, Chen MS, Prusoff WH.
Abstract : The 5'-hydroxymethylene function of several uracil and cytosine nucleosides has been modified to produce a variety of uronic acids, uronates, uronamides, and urononitriles of 2'-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl- and beta-D-arabino-pentofuranosylpyrimidines. In addition, the 5 position in many of these nucleosides has been substituted by a halogen atom. Twenty-one of the 35 compounds synthesized and examined for biological activity have not been previously reported. The purity of the products was measured by a high-pressure liquid chromatographic method. They were then evaluated as potential growth inhibitors of murine Sarcoma 180 cells in culture, of herpes simplex virus type 1 in vitro, and of Streptococcus faecium, a folic acid or deoxythymidine dependent bacterial strain. The ability of these nucleoside analogues to inhibit the phosphorylation of deoxythymidine by herpes simplex virus type 1 encoded pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside kinase was also investigated and a structure-activity relationship examined.
|
Antiviral activity against HSV1 CL101 infected in African green monkey Vero cells assessed as plaque forming unit at 400 uM after 40 hrs relative to control
|
Human herpesvirus 1
|
84.3
%
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : A novel synthesis and biological activity of several 5-halo-5'-amino analogues of deoxyribopyrimidine nucleosides.
Year : 1978
Volume : 21
Issue : 1
First Page : 106
Last Page : 109
Authors : Lin TS, Prusoff WH.
Abstract : A novel synthetic procedure has been developed for the large-scale synthesis of 5-chloro-, 5-bromo-, and 5-iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine (4c-e) as well as of two new analogues, 5-iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxycytidine and 5-fluoro-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine (4a and 4b), in good yield. The starting materials, 5-halo-2'-deoxyuridine and 5-halo-2'-deoxycytidine, are readily available and the method is straightforward. This report describes the synthesis and the biologial activities of these compounds.
|
Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells at 400 uM after 3 days by haemocytometry
|
Chlorocebus sabaeus
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : A novel synthesis and biological activity of several 5-halo-5'-amino analogues of deoxyribopyrimidine nucleosides.
Year : 1978
Volume : 21
Issue : 1
First Page : 106
Last Page : 109
Authors : Lin TS, Prusoff WH.
Abstract : A novel synthetic procedure has been developed for the large-scale synthesis of 5-chloro-, 5-bromo-, and 5-iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine (4c-e) as well as of two new analogues, 5-iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxycytidine and 5-fluoro-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine (4a and 4b), in good yield. The starting materials, 5-halo-2'-deoxyuridine and 5-halo-2'-deoxycytidine, are readily available and the method is straightforward. This report describes the synthesis and the biologial activities of these compounds.
|
Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells at 0.1 uM after 3 days by haemocytometry
|
Chlorocebus sabaeus
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : A novel synthesis and biological activity of several 5-halo-5'-amino analogues of deoxyribopyrimidine nucleosides.
Year : 1978
Volume : 21
Issue : 1
First Page : 106
Last Page : 109
Authors : Lin TS, Prusoff WH.
Abstract : A novel synthetic procedure has been developed for the large-scale synthesis of 5-chloro-, 5-bromo-, and 5-iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine (4c-e) as well as of two new analogues, 5-iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxycytidine and 5-fluoro-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine (4a and 4b), in good yield. The starting materials, 5-halo-2'-deoxyuridine and 5-halo-2'-deoxycytidine, are readily available and the method is straightforward. This report describes the synthesis and the biologial activities of these compounds.
|
Cytotoxicity against mouse S180 cells at 400 uM after 18 to 42 hrs relative to control
|
Mus musculus
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : A novel synthesis and biological activity of several 5-halo-5'-amino analogues of deoxyribopyrimidine nucleosides.
Year : 1978
Volume : 21
Issue : 1
First Page : 106
Last Page : 109
Authors : Lin TS, Prusoff WH.
Abstract : A novel synthetic procedure has been developed for the large-scale synthesis of 5-chloro-, 5-bromo-, and 5-iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine (4c-e) as well as of two new analogues, 5-iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxycytidine and 5-fluoro-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine (4a and 4b), in good yield. The starting materials, 5-halo-2'-deoxyuridine and 5-halo-2'-deoxycytidine, are readily available and the method is straightforward. This report describes the synthesis and the biologial activities of these compounds.
|
Cytotoxicity against mouse S180 cells at 0.1 uM after 18 to 42 hrs relative to control
|
Mus musculus
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : A novel synthesis and biological activity of several 5-halo-5'-amino analogues of deoxyribopyrimidine nucleosides.
Year : 1978
Volume : 21
Issue : 1
First Page : 106
Last Page : 109
Authors : Lin TS, Prusoff WH.
Abstract : A novel synthetic procedure has been developed for the large-scale synthesis of 5-chloro-, 5-bromo-, and 5-iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine (4c-e) as well as of two new analogues, 5-iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxycytidine and 5-fluoro-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine (4a and 4b), in good yield. The starting materials, 5-halo-2'-deoxyuridine and 5-halo-2'-deoxycytidine, are readily available and the method is straightforward. This report describes the synthesis and the biologial activities of these compounds.
|
Cytotoxicity against mouse S180 cells at 0.01 after 18 to 42 hrs relative to control
|
Mus musculus
|
100.0
%
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : A novel synthesis and biological activity of several 5-halo-5'-amino analogues of deoxyribopyrimidine nucleosides.
Year : 1978
Volume : 21
Issue : 1
First Page : 106
Last Page : 109
Authors : Lin TS, Prusoff WH.
Abstract : A novel synthetic procedure has been developed for the large-scale synthesis of 5-chloro-, 5-bromo-, and 5-iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine (4c-e) as well as of two new analogues, 5-iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxycytidine and 5-fluoro-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine (4a and 4b), in good yield. The starting materials, 5-halo-2'-deoxyuridine and 5-halo-2'-deoxycytidine, are readily available and the method is straightforward. This report describes the synthesis and the biologial activities of these compounds.
|
Antiproliferative activity against human HL60 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTT assay
|
Homo sapiens
|
240.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Eur. J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and biological activity of salinomycin conjugates with floxuridine.
Year : 2015
Volume : 93
First Page : 33
Last Page : 41
Authors : Huczyński A, Antoszczak M, Kleczewska N, Lewandowska M, Maj E, Stefańska J, Wietrzyk J, Janczak J, Celewicz L.
Abstract : As part of our program to develop anticancer agents, we have synthesized new compounds, which are conjugates between well-known anticancer drug, floxuridine and salinomycin which is able to selectivity kill cancer stem cells. The conjugates were obtained in two ways i.e. by copper(I) catalysed click Huisgen cycloaddition reaction performed between 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxy-5-fluorouridine and salinomycin propargyl amide, and by the ester synthesis starting from salinomycin and floxuridine under mild condition. The compounds obtained were characterized by spectroscopic methods and evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicity against seven human cancer cell lines as well as antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE). The conjugate obtained by esterification reaction showed a significantly higher antiproliferative activity against the drug-resistant cancer cells and lower toxicity than those of salinomycin and floxuridine towards normal cells, as well as standard anticancer drugs, such as cisplatin and doxorubicin. The conjugate compound revealed also moderate activity against MRSA and MRSE bacterial strains. Very high activity of floxuridine and 5-fluorouracil against MRSA and MRSE has been also observed.
|
Inhibition of human CNT2 expressed in COS7 cells assessed as reduction in sodium-dependent [14C]-inosine uptake at 100 uM in presence of Na+ by liquid scintillation counting method
|
Homo sapiens
|
17.0
%
|
|
Journal : ACS Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Identification of 8-aminoadenosine derivatives as a new class of human concentrative nucleoside transporter 2 inhibitors.
Year : 2015
Volume : 6
Issue : 3
First Page : 244
Last Page : 248
Authors : Tatani K, Hiratochi M, Nonaka Y, Isaji M, Shuto S.
Abstract : Purine-rich foods have long been suspected as a major cause of hyperuricemia. We hypothesized that inhibition of human concentrative nucleoside transporter 2 (hCNT2) would suppress increases in serum urate levels derived from dietary purines. To test this hypothesis, the development of potent hCNT2 inhibitors was required. By modifying adenosine, an hCNT2 substrate, we successfully identified 8-aminoadenosine derivatives as a new class of hCNT2 inhibitors. Compound 12 moderately inhibited hCNT2 (IC50 = 52 ± 3.8 μM), and subsequent structure-activity relationship studies led to the discovery of compound 48 (IC50 = 0.64 ± 0.19 μM). Here we describe significant findings about structural requirements of 8-aminoadenosine derivatives for exhibiting potent hCNT2 inhibitory activity.
|
Inhibition of human CNT2 expressed in COS7 cells assessed as reduction in sodium-dependent [14C]-inosine uptake at 1000 uM in presence of Na+ by liquid scintillation counting method
|
Homo sapiens
|
50.0
%
|
|
Journal : ACS Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Identification of 8-aminoadenosine derivatives as a new class of human concentrative nucleoside transporter 2 inhibitors.
Year : 2015
Volume : 6
Issue : 3
First Page : 244
Last Page : 248
Authors : Tatani K, Hiratochi M, Nonaka Y, Isaji M, Shuto S.
Abstract : Purine-rich foods have long been suspected as a major cause of hyperuricemia. We hypothesized that inhibition of human concentrative nucleoside transporter 2 (hCNT2) would suppress increases in serum urate levels derived from dietary purines. To test this hypothesis, the development of potent hCNT2 inhibitors was required. By modifying adenosine, an hCNT2 substrate, we successfully identified 8-aminoadenosine derivatives as a new class of hCNT2 inhibitors. Compound 12 moderately inhibited hCNT2 (IC50 = 52 ± 3.8 μM), and subsequent structure-activity relationship studies led to the discovery of compound 48 (IC50 = 0.64 ± 0.19 μM). Here we describe significant findings about structural requirements of 8-aminoadenosine derivatives for exhibiting potent hCNT2 inhibitory activity.
|
PubChem BioAssay. RKO viability from Cell TiterGlo-IC50. (Class of assay: confirmatory)
|
None
|
1.0
nM
|
|
Title : PubChem BioAssay data set
|
PubChem BioAssay. HCT116 viability from Cell TiterGlo-IC50. (Class of assay: confirmatory)
|
None
|
1.0
nM
|
|
Title : PubChem BioAssay data set
|
PubChem BioAssay. VEGF stimulated ADSC/ECFC co-culture CD31-stained tube area decrease-IC50. (Class of assay: confirmatory)
|
None
|
21.6
nM
|
|
Title : PubChem BioAssay data set
|
PubChem BioAssay. Increased HeLa cells in S-phase-IC50. (Class of assay: confirmatory)
|
None
|
168.8
nM
|
|
Title : PubChem BioAssay data set
|
PubChem BioAssay. DLD-1 viability from Cell TiterGlo-IC50. (Class of assay: confirmatory)
|
None
|
1.0
nM
|
|
Title : PubChem BioAssay data set
|
PubChem BioAssay. GSK3B-pretreated HCT116 viability from Cell TiterGlo-IC50. (Class of assay: confirmatory)
|
None
|
1.0
nM
|
|
Title : PubChem BioAssay data set
|
Cytotoxicity against human Jurkat cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTS assay
|
Homo sapiens
|
3.33
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : L-Aspartic and l-glutamic acid ester-based ProTides of anticancer nucleosides: Synthesis and antitumoral evaluation.
Year : 2016
Volume : 26
Issue : 9
First Page : 2142
Last Page : 2146
Authors : Gao LJ, De Jonghe S, Daelemans D, Herdewijn P.
Abstract : A series of novel aryloxyphosphoramidate nucleoside prodrugs based on l-aspartic acid and l-glutamic acid as amino acid motif has been synthesized and evaluated for antitumoral activity. Depending on the cancer cell line studied and on the nature of the parent nucleoside compound (gemcitabine, 5-iodo-2'-deoxy-uridine, floxuridine or brivudin), the corresponding ProTides are endowed with an improved or decreased cytotoxic activity.
|
Cytotoxicity against human Ramos cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTS assay
|
Homo sapiens
|
7.51
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : L-Aspartic and l-glutamic acid ester-based ProTides of anticancer nucleosides: Synthesis and antitumoral evaluation.
Year : 2016
Volume : 26
Issue : 9
First Page : 2142
Last Page : 2146
Authors : Gao LJ, De Jonghe S, Daelemans D, Herdewijn P.
Abstract : A series of novel aryloxyphosphoramidate nucleoside prodrugs based on l-aspartic acid and l-glutamic acid as amino acid motif has been synthesized and evaluated for antitumoral activity. Depending on the cancer cell line studied and on the nature of the parent nucleoside compound (gemcitabine, 5-iodo-2'-deoxy-uridine, floxuridine or brivudin), the corresponding ProTides are endowed with an improved or decreased cytotoxic activity.
|
Antiparasitic activity against Cryptosporidium parvum SPL infected in human HCT8 cells incubated for 48 hrs by FITC/DAPI staining based fluorescence assay
|
Cryptosporidium parvum
|
5.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J Nat Prod
Title : Herbicidins from Streptomyces sp. CB01388 Showing Anti- Cryptosporidium Activity.
Year : 2018
Volume : 81
Issue : 4
First Page : 791
Last Page : 797
Authors : Chen JJ, Rateb ME, Love MS, Xu Z, Yang D, Zhu X, Huang Y, Zhao LX, Jiang Y, Duan Y, McNamara CW, Shen B.
Abstract : A high-content imaging assay was used to screen the fraction collection of the Natural Product Library at The Scripps Research Institute for inhibitors of Cryptosporidium parvum. A chemical investigation of one strain, Streptomyces sp. CB01388, resulted in the isolation of six herbicidins (1-6), one of which is new (herbicidin L, 1). Five of the six herbicidins (1-3, 5, 6) showed moderate inhibitory activity against C. parvum, with 1 and 6 comparable to the FDA-approved drug nitazoxanide, and 2-6 showed no toxicity to the host HCT-8 cells and human HEK293T and HepG2 cells. These findings highlight the herbicidin scaffold for anti- Cryptosporidium drug development.
|
Cytotoxicity against human HCT8 cells
|
Homo sapiens
|
15.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J Nat Prod
Title : Herbicidins from Streptomyces sp. CB01388 Showing Anti- Cryptosporidium Activity.
Year : 2018
Volume : 81
Issue : 4
First Page : 791
Last Page : 797
Authors : Chen JJ, Rateb ME, Love MS, Xu Z, Yang D, Zhu X, Huang Y, Zhao LX, Jiang Y, Duan Y, McNamara CW, Shen B.
Abstract : A high-content imaging assay was used to screen the fraction collection of the Natural Product Library at The Scripps Research Institute for inhibitors of Cryptosporidium parvum. A chemical investigation of one strain, Streptomyces sp. CB01388, resulted in the isolation of six herbicidins (1-6), one of which is new (herbicidin L, 1). Five of the six herbicidins (1-3, 5, 6) showed moderate inhibitory activity against C. parvum, with 1 and 6 comparable to the FDA-approved drug nitazoxanide, and 2-6 showed no toxicity to the host HCT-8 cells and human HEK293T and HepG2 cells. These findings highlight the herbicidin scaffold for anti- Cryptosporidium drug development.
|
Antiparasitic activity against Cryptosporidium parvum BGF infected in human HCT8 cells incubated for 48 hrs by FITC/DAPI staining based fluorescence assay
|
Cryptosporidium parvum
|
9.6
nM
|
|
Journal : J Nat Prod
Title : Herbicidins from Streptomyces sp. CB01388 Showing Anti- Cryptosporidium Activity.
Year : 2018
Volume : 81
Issue : 4
First Page : 791
Last Page : 797
Authors : Chen JJ, Rateb ME, Love MS, Xu Z, Yang D, Zhu X, Huang Y, Zhao LX, Jiang Y, Duan Y, McNamara CW, Shen B.
Abstract : A high-content imaging assay was used to screen the fraction collection of the Natural Product Library at The Scripps Research Institute for inhibitors of Cryptosporidium parvum. A chemical investigation of one strain, Streptomyces sp. CB01388, resulted in the isolation of six herbicidins (1-6), one of which is new (herbicidin L, 1). Five of the six herbicidins (1-3, 5, 6) showed moderate inhibitory activity against C. parvum, with 1 and 6 comparable to the FDA-approved drug nitazoxanide, and 2-6 showed no toxicity to the host HCT-8 cells and human HEK293T and HepG2 cells. These findings highlight the herbicidin scaffold for anti- Cryptosporidium drug development.
|
Antiviral activity determined as inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 induced cytotoxicity of Caco-2 cells at 10 uM after 48 hours by high content imaging
|
Homo sapiens
|
25.25
%
|
|
Title : Identification of inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 in-vitro cellular toxicity in human (Caco-2) cells using a large scale drug repurposing collection
Year : 2020
Authors : Bernhard Ellinger, Denisa Bojkova, Andrea Zaliani, Jindrich Cinatl, Carsten Claussen, Sandra Westhaus, Jeanette Reinshagen, Maria Kuzikov, Markus Wolf, Gerd Geisslinger, Philip Gribbon, Sandra Ciesek
Abstract : To identify possible candidates for progression towards clinical studies against SARS-CoV-2, we screened a well-defined collection of 5632 compounds including 3488 compounds which have undergone clinical investigations (marketed drugs, phases 1 -3, and withdrawn) across 600 indications. Compounds were screened for their inhibition of viral induced cytotoxicity using the human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2 and a SARS-CoV-2 isolate. The primary screen of 5632 compounds gave 271 hits. A total of 64 compounds with IC50 <20 µM were identified, including 19 compounds with IC50 < 1 µM. Of this confirmed hit population, 90% have not yet been previously reported as active against SARS-CoV-2 in-vitro cell assays. Some 37 of the actives are launched drugs, 19 are in phases 1-3 and 10 pre-clinical. Several inhibitors were associated with modulation of host pathways including kinase signaling P53 activation, ubiquitin pathways and PDE activity modulation, with long chain acyl transferases were effective viral inhibitors.
|
Cytotoxicity against human SW620 cells incubated for 4 hrs under aerobic condition followed by compound washout and measured after 5 days by SRB assay
|
Homo sapiens
|
960.0
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg Med Chem Lett
Title : Prototyping kinase inhibitor-cytotoxin anticancer mutual prodrugs activated by tumour hypoxia: A chemical proof of concept study.
Year : 2019
Volume : 29
Issue : 10
First Page : 1215
Last Page : 1219
Authors : Sansom GN, Kirk NS, Guise CP, Anderson RF, Smaill JB, Patterson AV, Kelso MJ.
Abstract : Amide- and ester-linked kinase inhibitor-cytotoxin conjugates were rationally designed and synthesised as prototype hypoxia-activated anticancer mutual prodrugs. Chemical reduction of an aryl nitro trigger moiety was shown to initiate a spontaneous cyclisation/fragmentation reaction that simultaneously released the kinase inhibitor semaxanib (SU5416) and the amine- or alcohol-linked cytotoxin from the prodrugs. Preliminary cell testing and reduction potential measurements support optimisation of the compounds towards tumour-selective mutual prodrugs.
|
SARS-CoV-2 3CL-Pro protease inhibition percentage at 20µM by FRET kind of response from peptide substrate
|
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
|
12.95
%
|
|
Title : Identification of inhibitors of SARS-Cov2 M-Pro enzymatic activity using a small molecule repurposing screen
Year : 2020
Authors : Maria Kuzikov, Elisa Costanzi, Jeanette Reinshagen, Francesca Esposito, Laura Vangeel, Markus Wolf, Bernhard Ellinger, Carsten Claussen, Gerd Geisslinger, Angela Corona, Daniela Iaconis, Carmine Talarico, Candida Manelfi, Rolando Cannalire, Giulia Rossetti, Jonas Gossen, Simone Albani, Francesco Musiani, Katja Herzog, Yang Ye, Barbara Giabbai, Nicola Demitri, Dirk Jochmans, Steven De Jonghe, Jasper Rymenants, Vincenzo Summa, Enzo Tramontano, Andrea R. Beccari, Pieter Leyssen, Paola Storici, Johan Neyts, Philip Gribbon, and Andrea Zaliani
Abstract : Compound repurposing is an important strategy being pursued in the identification of effective treatment against the SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease. In this regard, SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M-Pro), also termed 3CL-Pro, is an attractive drug target as it plays a central role in viral replication by processing the viral polyprotein into 11 non-structural proteins. We report the results of a screening campaign involving ca 8.7 K compounds containing marketed drugs, clinical and preclinical candidates, and chemicals regarded as safe in humans. We confirmed previously reported inhibitors of 3CL-Pro, but we have also identified 68 compounds with IC50 lower than 1 uM and 127 compounds with IC50 lower than 5 uM. Profiling showed 67% of confirmed hits were selective (> 5 fold) against other Cys- and Ser- proteases (Chymotrypsin and Cathepsin-L) and MERS 3CL-Pro. Selected compounds were also analysed in their binding characteristics.
|
Antiviral activity determined as inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 induced cytotoxicity of VERO-6 cells at 10 uM after 48 hours exposure to 0.01 MOI SARS CoV-2 virus by high content imaging
|
Chlorocebus sabaeus
|
0.18
%
|
|
Antiviral activity determined as inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 induced cytotoxicity of VERO-6 cells at 10 uM after 48 hours exposure to 0.01 MOI SARS CoV-2 virus by high content imaging
|
Chlorocebus sabaeus
|
0.18
%
|
|
Title : Cytopathic SARS-Cov2 screening on VERO-E6 cells in a large repurposing effort
Year : 2020
Authors : Andrea Zaliani, Laura Vangeel, Jeanette Reinshagen, Daniela Iaconis, Maria Kuzikov, Oliver Keminer, Markus Wolf, Bernhard Ellinger, Francesca Esposito, Angela Corona, Enzo Tramontano, Candida Manelfi, Katja Herzog, Dirk Jochmans, Steven De Jonghe, Winston Chiu, Thibault Francken, Joost Schepers, Caroline Collard, Kayvan Abbasi, Carsten Claussen , Vincenzo Summa, Andrea R. Beccari, Johan Neyts, Philip Gribbon and Pieter Leyssen
Abstract : Worldwide, there are intensive efforts to identify repurposed drugs as potential therapies against SARS-CoV-2 infection and the associated COVID-19 disease. To date, the anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone and (to a lesser extent) the RNA-polymerase inhibitor remdesivir have been shown to be effective in reducing mortality and patient time to recovery, respectively, in patients. Here, we report the results of a phenotypic screening campaign within an EU-funded project (H2020-EXSCALATE4COV) aimed at extending the repertoire of anti-COVID therapeutics through repurposing of available compounds and highlighting compounds with new mechanisms of action against viral infection. We screened 8702 molecules from different repurposing libraries, to reveal 110 compounds with an anti-cytopathic IC50 < 20 µM. From this group, 18 with a safety index greater than 2 are also marketed drugs, making them suitable for further study as potential therapies against COVID-19. Our result supports the idea that a systematic approach to repurposing is a valid strategy to accelerate the necessary drug discovery process.
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Antitumour activity against human ZR-75-1 cells xenografted in NOD SCID nude mouse assessed as tumour inhibition at 90 mg/kg, iv administered for 20 days measured every 2 day by caliper method relative to control
|
Homo sapiens
|
36.1
%
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Bifunctional and Unusual Amino Acid β- or γ-Ester Prodrugs of Nucleoside Analogues for Improved Affinity to ATB and Enhanced Metabolic Stability: An Application to Floxuridine.
Year : 2020
Volume : 63
Issue : 19.0
First Page : 10816
Last Page : 10828
Authors : Sun Y,Ke Y,Li C,Wang J,Tu L,Hu L,Jin Y,Chen H,Gong J,Yu Z
Abstract : Floxuridine (FUdR, 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine) was widely used in patients with tumor. But the poor activity and severe side effects have been observed in the clinic, which resulted from increased degradation cleavage of FUdR to 5-FU by thymidine phosphorylase and reduced transporter-mediated entry into cells. In this study, we have synthesized a series of l-aspartic acid β-esters and l-glutamic acid γ-esters of FUdR to improve the metabolic stability of FUdR and target FUdR to cancer cells via amino acid transporter ATB which was exclusively up-regulated in some cancerous tissue. The uptake mechanism, stability, in vitro/in vivo antiproliferation action, pharmacokinetics, and tissue distribution were studied. The combined results showed the unusual 5'-β-l-Asp-FUdR possessed a better tumor inhibition rate and a better metabolic stability than FUdR through a ATB-mediated prodrug approach. The present study provided the first proof-of-concept of exploiting ATB for tumor-selective delivery of nucleoside analogues in the form of prodrug.
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Antitumour activity against human MIA-PaCa-2 cells xenografted in NOD SCID nude mouse assessed as tumour inhibition at 90 mg/kg, iv administered for 20 days measured every 2 day by caliper method relative to control
|
Homo sapiens
|
41.3
%
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Bifunctional and Unusual Amino Acid β- or γ-Ester Prodrugs of Nucleoside Analogues for Improved Affinity to ATB and Enhanced Metabolic Stability: An Application to Floxuridine.
Year : 2020
Volume : 63
Issue : 19.0
First Page : 10816
Last Page : 10828
Authors : Sun Y,Ke Y,Li C,Wang J,Tu L,Hu L,Jin Y,Chen H,Gong J,Yu Z
Abstract : Floxuridine (FUdR, 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine) was widely used in patients with tumor. But the poor activity and severe side effects have been observed in the clinic, which resulted from increased degradation cleavage of FUdR to 5-FU by thymidine phosphorylase and reduced transporter-mediated entry into cells. In this study, we have synthesized a series of l-aspartic acid β-esters and l-glutamic acid γ-esters of FUdR to improve the metabolic stability of FUdR and target FUdR to cancer cells via amino acid transporter ATB which was exclusively up-regulated in some cancerous tissue. The uptake mechanism, stability, in vitro/in vivo antiproliferation action, pharmacokinetics, and tissue distribution were studied. The combined results showed the unusual 5'-β-l-Asp-FUdR possessed a better tumor inhibition rate and a better metabolic stability than FUdR through a ATB-mediated prodrug approach. The present study provided the first proof-of-concept of exploiting ATB for tumor-selective delivery of nucleoside analogues in the form of prodrug.
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Antitumour activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells xenografted in NOD SCID nude mouse assessed as tumour inhibition at 90 mg/kg, iv administered for 20 days measured every 2 day by caliper method relative to control
|
Homo sapiens
|
36.9
%
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Bifunctional and Unusual Amino Acid β- or γ-Ester Prodrugs of Nucleoside Analogues for Improved Affinity to ATB and Enhanced Metabolic Stability: An Application to Floxuridine.
Year : 2020
Volume : 63
Issue : 19.0
First Page : 10816
Last Page : 10828
Authors : Sun Y,Ke Y,Li C,Wang J,Tu L,Hu L,Jin Y,Chen H,Gong J,Yu Z
Abstract : Floxuridine (FUdR, 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine) was widely used in patients with tumor. But the poor activity and severe side effects have been observed in the clinic, which resulted from increased degradation cleavage of FUdR to 5-FU by thymidine phosphorylase and reduced transporter-mediated entry into cells. In this study, we have synthesized a series of l-aspartic acid β-esters and l-glutamic acid γ-esters of FUdR to improve the metabolic stability of FUdR and target FUdR to cancer cells via amino acid transporter ATB which was exclusively up-regulated in some cancerous tissue. The uptake mechanism, stability, in vitro/in vivo antiproliferation action, pharmacokinetics, and tissue distribution were studied. The combined results showed the unusual 5'-β-l-Asp-FUdR possessed a better tumor inhibition rate and a better metabolic stability than FUdR through a ATB-mediated prodrug approach. The present study provided the first proof-of-concept of exploiting ATB for tumor-selective delivery of nucleoside analogues in the form of prodrug.
