|
Steroid binding against the rat thymus glucocorticoid receptor
|
None
|
2.9
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Anti-inflammatory 17beta-thioalkyl-16alpha,17alpha-ketal and -acetal androstanes: a new class of airway selective steroids for the treatment of asthma.
Year : 1996
Volume : 39
Issue : 25
First Page : 4888
Last Page : 4896
Authors : Ashton MJ, Lawrence C, Karlsson JA, Stuttle KA, Newton CG, Vacher BY, Webber S, Withnall MJ.
Abstract : The synthesis and anti-inflammatory potencies of a new class of 17beta-thioalkyl-16alpha,17alpha-ketal and -acetal androstanes are described. This new class of steroids was made by fragmentation of 2-thioxo-1,2-dihydropyrid-1-yl esters of the corresponding 17-acids to the 17-radical. The radical generated was trapped using a variety of radicophilic disulfides, giving a steroidal D-ring having acetal or ketal functionality at C-16 and C-17, together with a sulfide link at C-17. Compounds from this series bind to the glucocorticoid receptor with high potency and are functional agonists as measured by their ability to induce tyrosine aminotransferase activity in a rat hepatic cell line in vitro. These 17beta-thioalkyl androstanes potently inhibit Sephadex-induced rat lung inflammation when administered directly into the airways. The high topical potency, together with a low propensity to induce systemic glucocorticoid-like side effects (rat thymus involution), provides the present compounds with a high degree of airway selectivity compared with currently available inhaled glucocorticoids. The presently described 17beta-thioalkyl-16alpha,17alpha-ketal androstanes may be useful for therapies for inflammatory diseases such as asthma.
|
Inhibitory activity against IL-5 production (Anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody stimulated and cultured CD4 positive cells purified from human peripheral blood mononuclear cell)
|
Homo sapiens
|
0.12
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : A locally active antiinflammatory macrolide (MLD987) for inhalation therapy of asthma.
Year : 2004
Volume : 47
Issue : 20
First Page : 4950
Last Page : 4957
Authors : Hersperger R, Buchheit KH, Cammisuli S, Enz A, Lohse O, Ponelle M, Schuler W, Schweitzer A, Walker C, Zehender H, Zenke G, Zimmerlin AG, Zollinger M, Mazzoni L, Fozard JR.
Abstract : One of the characteristic features of asthma is a persistent pulmonary inflammation, with increased numbers of eosinophils and activated T-lymphocytes in the airways. T-helper cells of the Th2 phenotype play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of asthma, and they are believed to orchestrate the asthmatic response by releasing a wide repertoire of cytokines. Herein, we describe the design, synthesis, and evaluation in models of allergic asthma of a locally active T-cell modulator, MLD987 (1). Compound 1 is a potent immunosuppressant that inhibits the activation, proliferation, and release of cytokines from T-cells with IC(50) values in the low nanomolar range. In a Brown-Norway rat model of allergic asthma, 1, when given into the airways by intratracheal administration (ED(50) = 1 mg/kg) or by inhalation (ED(50) = 0.4 mg/kg), potently reduced the influx of leukocytes into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples obtained from antigen-challenged animals. In contrast, 1 had an appreciably weaker activity in this model when given orally or intravenously. Pharmacokinetic evaluation in rat and rhesus monkey showed that 1 had both a low oral (2-4%) and a low pulmonary (7%, monkey) bioavailability. These findings are consistent with a local site of action of the compound and rule out that its antiinflammatory activity in the lung was caused by systemically absorbed material, which had been swallowed during inhalation or which had entered the circulation via the airways. Local administration and the metabolically soft structure of 1, which favors rapid systemic metabolism to less immunosuppressive metabolite 2, are the main reasons for the low exposure and weak systemic activity of the compound. Administration of a locally active compound such as 1, by inhalation, should reduce systemic side effects. Our results indicate that 1 has the potential to serve as an alternative to inhaled glucocorticosteroids for the long-term therapy of asthma of all grades of severity.
|
Inhibitory activity against IFN-gamma production (Anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody stimulated and cultured CD4 positive cells purified from human peripheral blood mononuclear cell)
|
Homo sapiens
|
0.32
nM
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : A locally active antiinflammatory macrolide (MLD987) for inhalation therapy of asthma.
Year : 2004
Volume : 47
Issue : 20
First Page : 4950
Last Page : 4957
Authors : Hersperger R, Buchheit KH, Cammisuli S, Enz A, Lohse O, Ponelle M, Schuler W, Schweitzer A, Walker C, Zehender H, Zenke G, Zimmerlin AG, Zollinger M, Mazzoni L, Fozard JR.
Abstract : One of the characteristic features of asthma is a persistent pulmonary inflammation, with increased numbers of eosinophils and activated T-lymphocytes in the airways. T-helper cells of the Th2 phenotype play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of asthma, and they are believed to orchestrate the asthmatic response by releasing a wide repertoire of cytokines. Herein, we describe the design, synthesis, and evaluation in models of allergic asthma of a locally active T-cell modulator, MLD987 (1). Compound 1 is a potent immunosuppressant that inhibits the activation, proliferation, and release of cytokines from T-cells with IC(50) values in the low nanomolar range. In a Brown-Norway rat model of allergic asthma, 1, when given into the airways by intratracheal administration (ED(50) = 1 mg/kg) or by inhalation (ED(50) = 0.4 mg/kg), potently reduced the influx of leukocytes into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples obtained from antigen-challenged animals. In contrast, 1 had an appreciably weaker activity in this model when given orally or intravenously. Pharmacokinetic evaluation in rat and rhesus monkey showed that 1 had both a low oral (2-4%) and a low pulmonary (7%, monkey) bioavailability. These findings are consistent with a local site of action of the compound and rule out that its antiinflammatory activity in the lung was caused by systemically absorbed material, which had been swallowed during inhalation or which had entered the circulation via the airways. Local administration and the metabolically soft structure of 1, which favors rapid systemic metabolism to less immunosuppressive metabolite 2, are the main reasons for the low exposure and weak systemic activity of the compound. Administration of a locally active compound such as 1, by inhalation, should reduce systemic side effects. Our results indicate that 1 has the potential to serve as an alternative to inhaled glucocorticosteroids for the long-term therapy of asthma of all grades of severity.
|
Inhibition of IL5 in mouse Y16 cells
|
Mus musculus
|
70.3
%
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Title : Structural requirement of chalcones for the inhibitory activity of interleukin-5.
Year : 2007
Volume : 15
Issue : 1
First Page : 104
Last Page : 111
Authors : Yang HM, Shin HR, Cho SH, Bang SC, Song GY, Ju JH, Kim MK, Lee SH, Ryu JC, Kim Y, Jung SH.
Abstract : Novel chalcones were found as potent inhibitors of interleukin (IL)-5. 1-(2-Benzyloxy-6-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one (2b, 78.8% inhibition at 50microM, IC(50)=25.3microM) was initially identified as a potent inhibitor of IL-5. This shows the compatible activity with budesonide or sophoricoside. To identify structural requirements, 26 chalcones were prepared and their inhibitory activities were tested against IL-5. Among them, compound 4-[(E)-3-(2-cyclohexylmethoxy-6-hydroxyphenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]benzenesulfonamide (2w, 99.5% inhibition at 50microM, IC(50)=1.8microM) shows the most potent activity. The important structural requirements of these chalcone analogs exhibiting the inhibitory activity against IL-5 were recognized as the following. (1) The hydrophobic group such as benzyloxy or cyclohexylmethoxy at 6-position of A ring is necessary. (2) The existence of phenolic hydroxyl at 6-position of A ring is critical. (3) Propenone unit as alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone is essential. (4) Electron withdrawing groups with hydrogen acceptor property at 4-position of B ring enhance the activity and quantitative structure-activity relationship of 2 regarding these substituents was determined.
|
Inhibition of 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium uptake at human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells at 100 uM by confocal microscopy
|
Homo sapiens
|
38.2
%
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Structural requirements for drug inhibition of the liver specific human organic cation transport protein 1.
Year : 2008
Volume : 51
Issue : 19
First Page : 5932
Last Page : 5942
Authors : Ahlin G, Karlsson J, Pedersen JM, Gustavsson L, Larsson R, Matsson P, Norinder U, Bergström CA, Artursson P.
Abstract : The liver-specific organic cation transport protein (OCT1; SLC22A1) transports several cationic drugs including the antidiabetic drug metformin and the anticancer agents oxaliplatin and imatinib. In this study, we explored the chemical space of registered oral drugs with the aim of studying the inhibition pattern of OCT1 and of developing predictive computational models of OCT1 inhibition. In total, 191 structurally diverse compounds were examined in HEK293-OCT1 cells. The assay identified 47 novel inhibitors and confirmed 15 previously known inhibitors. The enrichment of OCT1 inhibitors was seen in several drug classes including antidepressants. High lipophilicity and a positive net charge were found to be the key physicochemical properties for OCT1 inhibition, whereas a high molecular dipole moment and many hydrogen bonds were negatively correlated to OCT1 inhibition. The data were used to generate OPLS-DA models for OCT1 inhibitors; the final model correctly predicted 82% of the inhibitors and 88% of the noninhibitors of the test set.
|
Antiinflammatory activity against mouse Y16 cells assessed as inhibition of IL5 production at 50 uM
|
Mus musculus
|
70.3
%
|
|
Journal : Eur. J. Med. Chem.
Title : Synthesis and evaluation of novel chromone analogs for their inhibitory activity against interleukin-5.
Year : 2010
Volume : 45
Issue : 6
First Page : 2531
Last Page : 2536
Authors : Thanigaimalai P, Le Hoang TA, Lee KC, Sharma VK, Bang SC, Yun JH, Roh E, Kim Y, Jung SH.
Abstract : A novel series of chromone analogs were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against interleukin-5. Among them compounds 5-Cyclohexylmethoxy-3-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (6a, 98% inhibition at 30 microM, IC50<3.0 microM) and 5-Cyclohyxylmethoxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (8a, 84% inhibition at 30 microM, IC50=7.6 microM) showed most potent activity. The structural requirement of chromone analogs possessing the inhibitory activity against IL-5 could be summarized as: (i) importance of hydrophobic group such as cyclohexylmethoxy at 5th position of ring A, (ii) requirement of ring B with small size of hydrogen bonding group with electron donating property such as phenolic hydroxyl group at 4th position and (iii) planarity of the chromen-4-one ring.
|
Inhibition of IL5-mediated proliferation of mouse Y16 cells at 50 uM by WST1 assay
|
Mus musculus
|
70.3
%
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Title : The scope of thallium nitrate oxidative cyclization of chalcones; synthesis and evaluation of isoflavone and aurone analogs for their inhibitory activity against interleukin-5.
Year : 2010
Volume : 18
Issue : 12
First Page : 4441
Last Page : 4445
Authors : Thanigaimalai P, Yang HM, Sharma VK, Kim Y, Jung SH.
Abstract : The oxidative cyclization of 2'-hydroxy-6'-cyclohexylmethoxychalcones 5 using thallium (III) nitrate (TTN) in alcoholic solvents produced isoflavones 2 and (or) aurones 3 depending on the electronic nature of p-substituents on ring B. Chalcones with strong electron donating substituents (OH, OCH(3)) were exclusively converted to isoflavones 2. Chalcone with weak electron donating substituents (CH(2)CH(3)) was transformed into isoflavone 2 and the aurone 3 in approximate ratio 1:1. Chalcones with hydrogen or electron withdrawing substituents (Cl, CHO, COOCH(3), and NO(2)) formed aurones 3. Synthesized isoflavones 2 and aurones 3 were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against interleukin-5. Among them, 5-(cyclohexylmethoxy)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (2h, >100% inhibition at 50 microM, IC(50)=6.1 microM) gave most potent activity. All the aurones 3 were inactive.
|
Inhibition of interleukin-5 in mouse Y16 cells at 50 uM
|
Mus musculus
|
70.2
%
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Title : Design and synthesis of novel hydroxyalkylaminomethylchromones for their IL-5 inhibitory activity.
Year : 2010
Volume : 18
Issue : 13
First Page : 4625
Last Page : 4629
Authors : Thanigaimalai P, Lee KC, Sharma VK, Yun JH, Kim Y, Jung SH.
Abstract : A series of hydroxyalkylaminomethylchromone analogs 3 were prepared and evaluated as inhibitors of interleukin-5. The most active analog 3d inhibited interleukin-5 activity with an IC₅₀ of 17.5 μM. The structural requirements of chromone analogs possessing the inhibitory activity against IL-5 could be summarized as: (i) the cyclohexylmethoxy group at 5th position of the A ring, (ii) the planarity of chromone ring, (iii) hydrophobic unit around the B ring with hydroxyl functional group, (iv) the hydrophobic unit which does not have to be a planar and (v) the length of carbon units between amino and hydroxyl group is limited to two.
|
Inhibition of interleukin-5 at 50 uM
|
None
|
70.3
%
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Title : Design and synthesis of novel hydroxyalkylaminomethylchromones for their IL-5 inhibitory activity.
Year : 2010
Volume : 18
Issue : 13
First Page : 4625
Last Page : 4629
Authors : Thanigaimalai P, Lee KC, Sharma VK, Yun JH, Kim Y, Jung SH.
Abstract : A series of hydroxyalkylaminomethylchromone analogs 3 were prepared and evaluated as inhibitors of interleukin-5. The most active analog 3d inhibited interleukin-5 activity with an IC₅₀ of 17.5 μM. The structural requirements of chromone analogs possessing the inhibitory activity against IL-5 could be summarized as: (i) the cyclohexylmethoxy group at 5th position of the A ring, (ii) the planarity of chromone ring, (iii) hydrophobic unit around the B ring with hydroxyl functional group, (iv) the hydrophobic unit which does not have to be a planar and (v) the length of carbon units between amino and hydroxyl group is limited to two.
|
Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells isolated from thioglycolate-stimulated C57BL/6 mouse at 10 uM after 24 hrs by ELISA relative to control
|
Mus musculus
|
60.0
%
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Aminoalkylcarbamoylphosphonates reduce TNFα release from activated immune cells.
Year : 2010
Volume : 20
Issue : 22
First Page : 6518
Last Page : 6523
Authors : Harel E, Rubinstein A, Chen W, Breuer E, Tirosh B.
Abstract : Some carbamoylphosphonates (CPOs) inhibit matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Although MMPs are involved in inflammatory processes, the anti-inflammatory activity of CPOs has not been reported. In this context we compared the biological activity of the three aminoCPOs, PYR-CPO, PIP-CPO and cis-ACCP. We were particularly interested in their capability to modulate the secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). LPS-activated mouse peritoneal macrophages and LPS-activated mouse splenocytes were used to explore this question. It was found that the aminoCPOs were able to reduce TNFα secretion to a level equivalent to the reduction caused by the steroid drug budesonide (BUD). The reduction in TNFα levels was neither accompanied by cytotoxicity, nor did it inhibit cell proliferation. To explicate whether the aminoCPOs affect TNFα processing by TNFα-converting enzyme (TACE), TACE inhibitory properties of the three molecules was tested in vitro. Only PIP-CPO exerted TACE inhibitory activity at therapeutic (non-cytotoxic) concentrations, indicating on its potential to serve as an anti-inflammatory agent by reducing TNFα secretion.
|
Agonist activity at GR in human SW1353 cells transfected with luciferase gene linked to MMTV promoter assessed as luciferase transactivation activity
|
Homo sapiens
|
12.4
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Design and synthesis of long acting inhaled corticosteroids for the treatment of asthma.
Year : 2011
Volume : 21
Issue : 19
First Page : 5826
Last Page : 5830
Authors : Millan DS, Ballard SA, Chunn S, Dybowski JA, Fulton CK, Glossop PA, Guillabert E, Hewson CA, Jones RM, Lamb DJ, Napier CM, Payne-Cook TA, Renery ER, Selby MD, Tutt MF, Yeadon M.
Abstract : In this Letter we present data for a novel series of ICS for the treatment of asthma. 'Inhalation by design' principles have been applied to a series of highly potent steroidal GR agonists, with a focus on optimising the potential therapeutic index in human. Pharmacokinetic properties were tuned with high intrinsic clearance and low oral bioavailability in mind, to minimise systemic exposure and reduce systemically driven adverse events. High CYP mediated clearance as well as glucuronidation were targeted to achieve high intrinsic clearance coupled with multiple routes of clearance to minimise drug-drug interactions. Furthermore, pharmaceutical properties such as stability, crystallinity and solubility were considered to ensure compatibility with a dry powder inhaler. This work culminated in the identification of the clinical candidate 15, which demonstrates preclinically the desired efficacy and safety profiles confirming its potential as an inhaled agent for the treatment of asthma.
|
Inhibition of TNFalpha release in human PBMC by ELISA assay
|
Homo sapiens
|
0.96
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Design and synthesis of long acting inhaled corticosteroids for the treatment of asthma.
Year : 2011
Volume : 21
Issue : 19
First Page : 5826
Last Page : 5830
Authors : Millan DS, Ballard SA, Chunn S, Dybowski JA, Fulton CK, Glossop PA, Guillabert E, Hewson CA, Jones RM, Lamb DJ, Napier CM, Payne-Cook TA, Renery ER, Selby MD, Tutt MF, Yeadon M.
Abstract : In this Letter we present data for a novel series of ICS for the treatment of asthma. 'Inhalation by design' principles have been applied to a series of highly potent steroidal GR agonists, with a focus on optimising the potential therapeutic index in human. Pharmacokinetic properties were tuned with high intrinsic clearance and low oral bioavailability in mind, to minimise systemic exposure and reduce systemically driven adverse events. High CYP mediated clearance as well as glucuronidation were targeted to achieve high intrinsic clearance coupled with multiple routes of clearance to minimise drug-drug interactions. Furthermore, pharmaceutical properties such as stability, crystallinity and solubility were considered to ensure compatibility with a dry powder inhaler. This work culminated in the identification of the clinical candidate 15, which demonstrates preclinically the desired efficacy and safety profiles confirming its potential as an inhaled agent for the treatment of asthma.
|
Inhibition of TNFalpha release in LPS-stimulated human whole blood by ELISA assay
|
Homo sapiens
|
8.46
nM
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : Design and synthesis of long acting inhaled corticosteroids for the treatment of asthma.
Year : 2011
Volume : 21
Issue : 19
First Page : 5826
Last Page : 5830
Authors : Millan DS, Ballard SA, Chunn S, Dybowski JA, Fulton CK, Glossop PA, Guillabert E, Hewson CA, Jones RM, Lamb DJ, Napier CM, Payne-Cook TA, Renery ER, Selby MD, Tutt MF, Yeadon M.
Abstract : In this Letter we present data for a novel series of ICS for the treatment of asthma. 'Inhalation by design' principles have been applied to a series of highly potent steroidal GR agonists, with a focus on optimising the potential therapeutic index in human. Pharmacokinetic properties were tuned with high intrinsic clearance and low oral bioavailability in mind, to minimise systemic exposure and reduce systemically driven adverse events. High CYP mediated clearance as well as glucuronidation were targeted to achieve high intrinsic clearance coupled with multiple routes of clearance to minimise drug-drug interactions. Furthermore, pharmaceutical properties such as stability, crystallinity and solubility were considered to ensure compatibility with a dry powder inhaler. This work culminated in the identification of the clinical candidate 15, which demonstrates preclinically the desired efficacy and safety profiles confirming its potential as an inhaled agent for the treatment of asthma.
|
DRUGMATRIX: Progesterone radioligand binding (ligand: [3H] R-5020)
|
Bos taurus
|
210.0
nM
|
|
DRUGMATRIX: Progesterone radioligand binding (ligand: [3H] R-5020)
|
Bos taurus
|
27.0
nM
|
|
Title : DrugMatrix in vitro pharmacology data
Authors : Scott S. Auerbach, DrugMatrix¨ and ToxFX¨ Coordinator National Toxicology Program
Abstract : The DrugMatrix Pharmacology data is a subset of the data freely available from the National Toxicology Program. For more details see:https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/drugmatrix/index.html
|
DRUGMATRIX: Glucocorticoid radioligand binding (ligand: [3H] Dexamethasone)
|
None
|
4.475
nM
|
|
DRUGMATRIX: Glucocorticoid radioligand binding (ligand: [3H] Dexamethasone)
|
None
|
2.034
nM
|
|
Title : DrugMatrix in vitro pharmacology data
Authors : Scott S. Auerbach, DrugMatrix¨ and ToxFX¨ Coordinator National Toxicology Program
Abstract : The DrugMatrix Pharmacology data is a subset of the data freely available from the National Toxicology Program. For more details see:https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/drugmatrix/index.html
|
Inhibition of IL-5 in mouse Y16 cells at 30 uM after 48 hrs by WST1 assay
|
Mus musculus
|
55.3
%
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Title : Novel interleukin-5 inhibitors based on hydroxyethylaminomethyl-4H-chromen-4-one scaffold.
Year : 2012
Volume : 20
Issue : 19
First Page : 5757
Last Page : 5762
Authors : Joo C, Venkateswararao E, Lee KC, Sharma VK, Kyung MS, Kim Y, Jung SH.
Abstract : Hydroxyethylaminomethyl-4H-chromenones were previously discovered as fairly strong IL-5 inhibitor. For determination of detail structure activity relationship, N-substituted hydroxyethylaminomethylchromenones 4a-n were prepared and evaluated for their IL-5 inhibitory activity. Shifting the hydrophobic group to nitrogen from 1-position of hydroxyethylamino moiety of hydroxyethylaminomethyl-4H-chromenones enhances the activity. The increment in bulkiness or hydrophobicity of alkyl side chain at amino group increases the activity. The same level of activity of 5-(cyclohexylmethoxy)-3-(N-benzyl-2-hydroxyethylaminomethyl)-4H-chromenone analogs regardless of hydrophobic or hydrophilic substituents at 4th position of phenyl ring might infer the existence of tunnel structure in the putative receptor for accepting these side chains.
|
Inhibition of human liver OATP1B1 expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as reduction in E17-betaG uptake at 20 uM by scintillation counting
|
Homo sapiens
|
73.2
%
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions.
Year : 2012
Volume : 55
Issue : 10
First Page : 4740
Last Page : 4763
Authors : Karlgren M, Vildhede A, Norinder U, Wisniewski JR, Kimoto E, Lai Y, Haglund U, Artursson P.
Abstract : The hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) influence the pharmacokinetics of several drug classes and are involved in many clinical drug-drug interactions. Predicting potential interactions with OATPs is, therefore, of value. Here, we developed in vitro and in silico models for identification and prediction of specific and general inhibitors of OATP1B1, OATP1B3, and OATP2B1. The maximal transport activity (MTA) of each OATP in human liver was predicted from transport kinetics and protein quantification. We then used MTA to predict the effects of a subset of inhibitors on atorvastatin uptake in vivo. Using a data set of 225 drug-like compounds, 91 OATP inhibitors were identified. In silico models indicated that lipophilicity and polar surface area are key molecular features of OATP inhibition. MTA predictions identified OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 as major determinants of atorvastatin uptake in vivo. The relative contributions to overall hepatic uptake varied with isoform specificities of the inhibitors.
|
Inhibition of human liver OATP1B3 expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as reduction in [3H]E17-betaG uptake at 20 uM incubated for 5 mins by scintillation counting
|
Homo sapiens
|
79.0
%
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions.
Year : 2012
Volume : 55
Issue : 10
First Page : 4740
Last Page : 4763
Authors : Karlgren M, Vildhede A, Norinder U, Wisniewski JR, Kimoto E, Lai Y, Haglund U, Artursson P.
Abstract : The hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) influence the pharmacokinetics of several drug classes and are involved in many clinical drug-drug interactions. Predicting potential interactions with OATPs is, therefore, of value. Here, we developed in vitro and in silico models for identification and prediction of specific and general inhibitors of OATP1B1, OATP1B3, and OATP2B1. The maximal transport activity (MTA) of each OATP in human liver was predicted from transport kinetics and protein quantification. We then used MTA to predict the effects of a subset of inhibitors on atorvastatin uptake in vivo. Using a data set of 225 drug-like compounds, 91 OATP inhibitors were identified. In silico models indicated that lipophilicity and polar surface area are key molecular features of OATP inhibition. MTA predictions identified OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 as major determinants of atorvastatin uptake in vivo. The relative contributions to overall hepatic uptake varied with isoform specificities of the inhibitors.
|
Inhibition of human liver OATP2B1 expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as reduction in [3H]E3S uptake at 20 uM incubated for 5 mins by scintillation counting
|
Homo sapiens
|
30.3
%
|
|
Journal : J. Med. Chem.
Title : Classification of inhibitors of hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs): influence of protein expression on drug-drug interactions.
Year : 2012
Volume : 55
Issue : 10
First Page : 4740
Last Page : 4763
Authors : Karlgren M, Vildhede A, Norinder U, Wisniewski JR, Kimoto E, Lai Y, Haglund U, Artursson P.
Abstract : The hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) influence the pharmacokinetics of several drug classes and are involved in many clinical drug-drug interactions. Predicting potential interactions with OATPs is, therefore, of value. Here, we developed in vitro and in silico models for identification and prediction of specific and general inhibitors of OATP1B1, OATP1B3, and OATP2B1. The maximal transport activity (MTA) of each OATP in human liver was predicted from transport kinetics and protein quantification. We then used MTA to predict the effects of a subset of inhibitors on atorvastatin uptake in vivo. Using a data set of 225 drug-like compounds, 91 OATP inhibitors were identified. In silico models indicated that lipophilicity and polar surface area are key molecular features of OATP inhibition. MTA predictions identified OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 as major determinants of atorvastatin uptake in vivo. The relative contributions to overall hepatic uptake varied with isoform specificities of the inhibitors.
|
Inhibition of IL-5 in mouse pro-B Y16 cells at 30 uM after 48 hrs by WST1 assay
|
Mus musculus
|
55.3
%
|
|
Journal : Eur. J. Med. Chem.
Title : Identification of novel chromenone derivatives as interleukin-5 inhibitors.
Year : 2013
Volume : 59
First Page : 31
Last Page : 38
Authors : Venkateswararao E, Kim MS, Sharma VK, Lee KC, Subramanian S, Roh E, Kim Y, Jung SH.
Abstract : A series of (E)-5-alkoxy-3-(3-phenyl-3-oxoprop-1-enyl)-4H-chromen-4-ones (4) and (E)-5-alkoxy-3-(3-hydroxy-3-phenylprop-1-enyl)-4H-chromen-4-ones (5) were synthesized and evaluated for their IL-5 inhibitory activity. Propenone analogs 4 possess some of the structurally important characteristics of isoflavone 2 and chalcone 3 previously known as potent IL-5 inhibitor. However, the inhibitory activity of 4 was weak and therefore this structural hybridization appears to be ineffective for the design of IL-5 inhibitor. Meanwhile the potent activity profile of compounds 5 was discovered. This enhanced activity of 5 compared to 4 could be due to the effective location of hydroxyl group of allylic alcohol moiety of 5 in the 3D structure. The electron withdrawing substituents at position 4 of phenyl ring of 5 enhances the activity possibly due to an increase in the strength of hydrogen bonding property of hydroxyl group of allylic alcohol moiety.
|
Inhibition interleukin-5 in mouse Y16 cells at 30 uM after 48 hrs by WST-1 assay
|
Mus musculus
|
55.3
%
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Title : Design and synthesis of novel chromenone derivatives as interleukin-5 inhibitors.
Year : 2013
Volume : 21
Issue : 9
First Page : 2543
Last Page : 2550
Authors : Venkateswararao E, Sharma VK, Lee KC, Roh E, Kim Y, Jung SH.
Abstract : A novel series of chromenone analogs were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against interleukin-5. Among them 5-(cyclohexylmethoxy)-3-[3-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propyl]-4H-chromen-4-one (9b, 94% inhibition at 30 μM, IC(50) = 4.0 μM) and 5-(cyclohexylmethoxy)-3-[3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propyl]-4H-chromen-4-one (9c, 94% inhibition at 30 μM, IC(50) = 6.5 μM) showed the most potent activity. According to the SAR studies introduction of propanone unit in between chromenone and ring B as in 5-(cyclohexylmethoxy)-3-[3-(4-phenyl)-3-oxopropyl]-4H-chromen-4-ones (8) moderately increased the activity. However, the reduction of these propanones 8 to propanols 9 remarkably enhanced the activity. A small substituent at position 4 of ring B in 9, especially with hydrogen bonding capability, provides favorable contribution. Disappearance of IL-5 inhibitory activity upon saturation of chroman-4-one of 9 to chroman-4-ones 10 proves the critical importance of planar chromen-4-one unit of this scaffold in the IL-5 inhibition.
|
Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM
|
Cricetulus griseus
|
43.76
%
|
|
Journal : Mol. Pharmacol.
Title : Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
Year : 2013
Volume : 83
Issue : 6
First Page : 1257
Last Page : 1267
Authors : De Bruyn T, van Westen GJ, Ijzerman AP, Stieger B, de Witte P, Augustijns PF, Annaert PP.
Abstract : Several recent studies show that inhibition of the hepatic transport proteins organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) and 1B3 (OATP1B3) can result in clinically relevant drug-drug interactions (DDI). To avoid late-stage development drug failures due to OATP1B-mediated DDI, predictive in vitro and in silico methods should be implemented at an early stage of the drug candidate evaluation process. In the present study, we first developed a high-throughput in vitro transporter inhibition assay for the OATP1B subfamily. A total of 2000 compounds were tested as potential modulators of the uptake of the OATP1B substrate sodium fluorescein, in OATP1B1- or 1B3-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells. At an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 µM, 212 and 139 molecules were identified as OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 inhibitors, respectively (minimum 50% inhibition). For 69 compounds, previously not identified as OATP1B inhibitors, concentration-dependent inhibition was also determined, yielding Ki values ranging from 0.06 to 6.5 µM. Based on these in vitro data, we subsequently developed a proteochemometrics-based in silico model, which predicted OATP1B inhibitors in the test group (20% of the dataset) with high specificity (86%) and sensitivity (78%). Moreover, several physicochemical compound properties and substructures related to OATP1B1/1B3 inhibition or inactivity were identified. Finally, model performance was prospectively verified with a set of 54 compounds not included in the original dataset. This validation indicated that 80 and 74% of the compounds were correctly classified for OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 inhibition, respectively.
|
Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B3-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM
|
Cricetulus griseus
|
73.0
%
|
|
Journal : Mol. Pharmacol.
Title : Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
Year : 2013
Volume : 83
Issue : 6
First Page : 1257
Last Page : 1267
Authors : De Bruyn T, van Westen GJ, Ijzerman AP, Stieger B, de Witte P, Augustijns PF, Annaert PP.
Abstract : Several recent studies show that inhibition of the hepatic transport proteins organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) and 1B3 (OATP1B3) can result in clinically relevant drug-drug interactions (DDI). To avoid late-stage development drug failures due to OATP1B-mediated DDI, predictive in vitro and in silico methods should be implemented at an early stage of the drug candidate evaluation process. In the present study, we first developed a high-throughput in vitro transporter inhibition assay for the OATP1B subfamily. A total of 2000 compounds were tested as potential modulators of the uptake of the OATP1B substrate sodium fluorescein, in OATP1B1- or 1B3-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells. At an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 µM, 212 and 139 molecules were identified as OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 inhibitors, respectively (minimum 50% inhibition). For 69 compounds, previously not identified as OATP1B inhibitors, concentration-dependent inhibition was also determined, yielding Ki values ranging from 0.06 to 6.5 µM. Based on these in vitro data, we subsequently developed a proteochemometrics-based in silico model, which predicted OATP1B inhibitors in the test group (20% of the dataset) with high specificity (86%) and sensitivity (78%). Moreover, several physicochemical compound properties and substructures related to OATP1B1/1B3 inhibition or inactivity were identified. Finally, model performance was prospectively verified with a set of 54 compounds not included in the original dataset. This validation indicated that 80 and 74% of the compounds were correctly classified for OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 inhibition, respectively.
|
Antiinflammatory activity in mouse acute cigarette smoke model assessed as inhibition of neutrophil influx to broncho-alveolar lavage fluid at 300 ug/kg, administered intratracheally 30 mins prior to first cigarette smoke challenge every day for 4 days measured after 24 hrs post last cigarette smoke challenge relative to control
|
Rattus norvegicus
|
38.0
%
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
Title : The discovery of potent and selective non-steroidal glucocorticoid receptor modulators, suitable for inhalation.
Year : 2014
Volume : 24
Issue : 11
First Page : 2571
Last Page : 2577
Authors : Edman K, Ahlgren R, Bengtsson M, Bladh H, Bäckström S, Dahmén J, Henriksson K, Hillertz P, Hulikal V, Jerre A, Kinchin L, Kåse C, Lepistö M, Mile I, Nilsson S, Smailagic A, Taylor J, Tjörnebo A, Wissler L, Hansson T.
Abstract : We report the discovery of highly potent and selective non-steroidal glucocorticoid receptor modulators with PK properties suitable for inhalation. A high throughput screen of the AstraZeneca compound collection identified sulfonamide 3 as a potent non-steroidal glucocorticoid receptor ligand. Further optimization of this lead generated indazoles 30 and 48 that were progressed to characterization in in vivo models. X-ray crystallography was used to gain further insight into the binding mode of selected ligands.
|
Inhibition of mouse IL5-mediated mouse Y16 cell proliferation at 30 uM after 48 hrs by WST1 assay
|
Mus musculus
|
70.2
%
|
|
Journal : Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Title : Exploration of benzamidochromenone derivatives with conformational restrictor as interleukin-5 inhibitors.
Year : 2015
Volume : 23
Issue : 10
First Page : 2498
Last Page : 2504
Authors : Venkateswararao E, Manickam M, Boggu P, Kim Y, Jung SH.
Abstract : Novel amidochromen-4-one analogs 8a-k and 9a-f were prepared and studied for their IL-5 inhibitory activity. Among the synthesized compounds, (6-benzamido-2-cyclohexyl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)methyl acetate (8a, 95% inhibition at 30 μM, IC50=6.1 μM) exhibited potent IL-5 inhibitory activity. The conformational restrictor at position 2 like bulky cyclohexyl group is favorable for the formation of effective conformer of side chain small ester like acetoxymethyl at position 3 of these chromenone analogs 8. In addition the hydrophobic planarity of benzamido group at position 6 should be important for the potent IL-5 inhibitory activity. Since replacing acetoxymethyl moiety with hydroxymethyl group at position 3 of chromenone decreases the activity, which indicates that the location of hydrogen bonding group should be near 4 atom distances away from chromenone ring is more optimum for the activity. Therefore, these benzamidochromen-4-one analogs 8 are novel scaffold for finding potent interleukin-5 inhibitors.
|
Transrepression of glucocorticoid receptor in PMA-stimulated human ChaGoK1 cells expressing TRE-LacZ construct assessed as inhibition of AP-1 mediated TRE-LacZ activity after 24 hrs by beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay
|
Homo sapiens
|
0.5
nM
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Selective Nonsteroidal Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulators for the Inhaled Treatment of Pulmonary Diseases.
Year : 2017
Volume : 60
Issue : 20
First Page : 8591
Last Page : 8605
Authors : Hemmerling M, Nilsson S, Edman K, Eirefelt S, Russell W, Hendrickx R, Johnsson E, Kärrman Mårdh C, Berger M, Rehwinkel H, Abrahamsson A, Dahmén J, Eriksson AR, Gabos B, Henriksson K, Hossain N, Ivanova S, Jansson AH, Jensen TJ, Jerre A, Johansson H, Klingstedt T, Lepistö M, Lindsjö M, Mile I, Nikitidis G, Steele J, Tehler U, Wissler L, Hansson T.
Abstract : A class of potent, nonsteroidal, selective indazole ether-based glucocorticoid receptor modulators (SGRMs) was developed for the inhaled treatment of respiratory diseases. Starting from an orally available compound with demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in rat, a soft-drug strategy was implemented to ensure rapid elimination of drug candidates to minimize systemic GR activation. The first clinical candidate 1b (AZD5423) displayed a potent inhibition of lung edema in a rat model of allergic airway inflammation following dry powder inhalation combined with a moderate systemic GR-effect, assessed as thymic involution. Further optimization of inhaled drug properties provided a second, equally potent, candidate, 15m (AZD7594), that demonstrated an improved therapeutic ratio over the benchmark inhaled corticosteroid 3 (fluticasone propionate) and prolonged the inhibition of lung edema, indicating potential for once-daily treatment.
|
Transrepression of glucocorticoid receptor in human PBMC assessed as inhibition of LPS induced TNF alpha release preincubated for 45 mins followed by LPS addition measured after 18 hrs by ELISA
|
Homo sapiens
|
1.57
nM
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Selective Nonsteroidal Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulators for the Inhaled Treatment of Pulmonary Diseases.
Year : 2017
Volume : 60
Issue : 20
First Page : 8591
Last Page : 8605
Authors : Hemmerling M, Nilsson S, Edman K, Eirefelt S, Russell W, Hendrickx R, Johnsson E, Kärrman Mårdh C, Berger M, Rehwinkel H, Abrahamsson A, Dahmén J, Eriksson AR, Gabos B, Henriksson K, Hossain N, Ivanova S, Jansson AH, Jensen TJ, Jerre A, Johansson H, Klingstedt T, Lepistö M, Lindsjö M, Mile I, Nikitidis G, Steele J, Tehler U, Wissler L, Hansson T.
Abstract : A class of potent, nonsteroidal, selective indazole ether-based glucocorticoid receptor modulators (SGRMs) was developed for the inhaled treatment of respiratory diseases. Starting from an orally available compound with demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in rat, a soft-drug strategy was implemented to ensure rapid elimination of drug candidates to minimize systemic GR activation. The first clinical candidate 1b (AZD5423) displayed a potent inhibition of lung edema in a rat model of allergic airway inflammation following dry powder inhalation combined with a moderate systemic GR-effect, assessed as thymic involution. Further optimization of inhaled drug properties provided a second, equally potent, candidate, 15m (AZD7594), that demonstrated an improved therapeutic ratio over the benchmark inhaled corticosteroid 3 (fluticasone propionate) and prolonged the inhibition of lung edema, indicating potential for once-daily treatment.
|
Displacement of [3H]-aldosterone from N terminal maltose binding protein tagged human mineralocorticoid receptor LBD (726 to 984 residues) expressed in baculovirus infected high five cells after 8 hrs by scintillation proximity assay
|
Homo sapiens
|
14.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Selective Nonsteroidal Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulators for the Inhaled Treatment of Pulmonary Diseases.
Year : 2017
Volume : 60
Issue : 20
First Page : 8591
Last Page : 8605
Authors : Hemmerling M, Nilsson S, Edman K, Eirefelt S, Russell W, Hendrickx R, Johnsson E, Kärrman Mårdh C, Berger M, Rehwinkel H, Abrahamsson A, Dahmén J, Eriksson AR, Gabos B, Henriksson K, Hossain N, Ivanova S, Jansson AH, Jensen TJ, Jerre A, Johansson H, Klingstedt T, Lepistö M, Lindsjö M, Mile I, Nikitidis G, Steele J, Tehler U, Wissler L, Hansson T.
Abstract : A class of potent, nonsteroidal, selective indazole ether-based glucocorticoid receptor modulators (SGRMs) was developed for the inhaled treatment of respiratory diseases. Starting from an orally available compound with demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in rat, a soft-drug strategy was implemented to ensure rapid elimination of drug candidates to minimize systemic GR activation. The first clinical candidate 1b (AZD5423) displayed a potent inhibition of lung edema in a rat model of allergic airway inflammation following dry powder inhalation combined with a moderate systemic GR-effect, assessed as thymic involution. Further optimization of inhaled drug properties provided a second, equally potent, candidate, 15m (AZD7594), that demonstrated an improved therapeutic ratio over the benchmark inhaled corticosteroid 3 (fluticasone propionate) and prolonged the inhibition of lung edema, indicating potential for once-daily treatment.
|
Displacement of fluormone labelled AL green from rat recombinant His/GST-tagged androgen receptor LBD after 4 to 6 hrs by fluorescence polarization assay
|
Rattus norvegicus
|
710.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Selective Nonsteroidal Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulators for the Inhaled Treatment of Pulmonary Diseases.
Year : 2017
Volume : 60
Issue : 20
First Page : 8591
Last Page : 8605
Authors : Hemmerling M, Nilsson S, Edman K, Eirefelt S, Russell W, Hendrickx R, Johnsson E, Kärrman Mårdh C, Berger M, Rehwinkel H, Abrahamsson A, Dahmén J, Eriksson AR, Gabos B, Henriksson K, Hossain N, Ivanova S, Jansson AH, Jensen TJ, Jerre A, Johansson H, Klingstedt T, Lepistö M, Lindsjö M, Mile I, Nikitidis G, Steele J, Tehler U, Wissler L, Hansson T.
Abstract : A class of potent, nonsteroidal, selective indazole ether-based glucocorticoid receptor modulators (SGRMs) was developed for the inhaled treatment of respiratory diseases. Starting from an orally available compound with demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in rat, a soft-drug strategy was implemented to ensure rapid elimination of drug candidates to minimize systemic GR activation. The first clinical candidate 1b (AZD5423) displayed a potent inhibition of lung edema in a rat model of allergic airway inflammation following dry powder inhalation combined with a moderate systemic GR-effect, assessed as thymic involution. Further optimization of inhaled drug properties provided a second, equally potent, candidate, 15m (AZD7594), that demonstrated an improved therapeutic ratio over the benchmark inhaled corticosteroid 3 (fluticasone propionate) and prolonged the inhibition of lung edema, indicating potential for once-daily treatment.
|
Displacement of fluormone labelled GS Red from human recombinant glucocorticoid receptor after 2 hrs by fluorescence polarization assay
|
Homo sapiens
|
3.8
nM
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Selective Nonsteroidal Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulators for the Inhaled Treatment of Pulmonary Diseases.
Year : 2017
Volume : 60
Issue : 20
First Page : 8591
Last Page : 8605
Authors : Hemmerling M, Nilsson S, Edman K, Eirefelt S, Russell W, Hendrickx R, Johnsson E, Kärrman Mårdh C, Berger M, Rehwinkel H, Abrahamsson A, Dahmén J, Eriksson AR, Gabos B, Henriksson K, Hossain N, Ivanova S, Jansson AH, Jensen TJ, Jerre A, Johansson H, Klingstedt T, Lepistö M, Lindsjö M, Mile I, Nikitidis G, Steele J, Tehler U, Wissler L, Hansson T.
Abstract : A class of potent, nonsteroidal, selective indazole ether-based glucocorticoid receptor modulators (SGRMs) was developed for the inhaled treatment of respiratory diseases. Starting from an orally available compound with demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in rat, a soft-drug strategy was implemented to ensure rapid elimination of drug candidates to minimize systemic GR activation. The first clinical candidate 1b (AZD5423) displayed a potent inhibition of lung edema in a rat model of allergic airway inflammation following dry powder inhalation combined with a moderate systemic GR-effect, assessed as thymic involution. Further optimization of inhaled drug properties provided a second, equally potent, candidate, 15m (AZD7594), that demonstrated an improved therapeutic ratio over the benchmark inhaled corticosteroid 3 (fluticasone propionate) and prolonged the inhibition of lung edema, indicating potential for once-daily treatment.
|
Displacement of fluormone labelled PL Red from human recombinant progesterone receptor after 1 to 6 hrs ligand by fluorescence polarization assay
|
Homo sapiens
|
28.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Selective Nonsteroidal Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulators for the Inhaled Treatment of Pulmonary Diseases.
Year : 2017
Volume : 60
Issue : 20
First Page : 8591
Last Page : 8605
Authors : Hemmerling M, Nilsson S, Edman K, Eirefelt S, Russell W, Hendrickx R, Johnsson E, Kärrman Mårdh C, Berger M, Rehwinkel H, Abrahamsson A, Dahmén J, Eriksson AR, Gabos B, Henriksson K, Hossain N, Ivanova S, Jansson AH, Jensen TJ, Jerre A, Johansson H, Klingstedt T, Lepistö M, Lindsjö M, Mile I, Nikitidis G, Steele J, Tehler U, Wissler L, Hansson T.
Abstract : A class of potent, nonsteroidal, selective indazole ether-based glucocorticoid receptor modulators (SGRMs) was developed for the inhaled treatment of respiratory diseases. Starting from an orally available compound with demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in rat, a soft-drug strategy was implemented to ensure rapid elimination of drug candidates to minimize systemic GR activation. The first clinical candidate 1b (AZD5423) displayed a potent inhibition of lung edema in a rat model of allergic airway inflammation following dry powder inhalation combined with a moderate systemic GR-effect, assessed as thymic involution. Further optimization of inhaled drug properties provided a second, equally potent, candidate, 15m (AZD7594), that demonstrated an improved therapeutic ratio over the benchmark inhaled corticosteroid 3 (fluticasone propionate) and prolonged the inhibition of lung edema, indicating potential for once-daily treatment.
|
Inhibition of IL-5 in mouse Y16 cells assessed as reduction in cell proliferation at 50 uM after 48 hrs by WST-1 assay relative to control
|
Mus musculus
|
70.2
%
|
|
Journal : Bioorg Med Chem
Title : Novel analogs of N-acylhydroxyethylaminomethyl-4H-chromen-4-one scaffold as IL-5 inhibitors.
Year : 2017
Volume : 25
Issue : 16
First Page : 4330
Last Page : 4338
Authors : Yang HS, Venkateswararao E, Boggu PR, Sharma VK, Kim Y, Jung SH.
Abstract : A number of N-acyl substituted hydroxyethylaminomethyl-4H-chromen-4-ones 6a-u were prepared and evaluated for their IL-5 inhibitory activity. Among them, the compound 6r (95.0% inhibition at 30µM, IC50=10.0µM, ClogP=4.1549) showed most potent inhibitory activity. The structure activity relationship revealed that the bulkier or hydrophobic substituents at urea, carbamate or amide group resulted in good inhibitory activity against IL-5. Moreover, electron donating group at phenyl ring (6g and 6s) is much more active than electron withdrawing group (6f). Finally, replacement of cyclohexylmethoxy group at 5th position of ring A with bulky aliphatic substituents resulted in the loss of activity.
|
Inhibition of mouse IL-5-induced cell proliferation in mouse Y16 cells at 50 uM after 48 hrs by WST-1 assay relative to control
|
Mus musculus
|
70.2
%
|
|
Journal : Eur J Med Chem
Title : Discovery of novel 3-(hydroxyalkoxy)-2-alkylchromen-4-one analogs as interleukin-5 inhibitors.
Year : 2017
Volume : 139
First Page : 290
Last Page : 304
Authors : Boggu PR, Venkateswararao E, Manickam M, Kim Y, Jung SH.
Abstract : A series of novel chromen-4-one analogs 9a-d and 10a-u was designed, synthesized and evaluated for their IL-5 inhibitory activity. Most of the chromen-4-one analogs showed strong inhibitory activity in low micro molar potency. Among them, 5-(cyclohexylmethoxy)-3-(3-hydroxypropoxy)-2-isopropyl-4H-chromen-4-one (10t, 90.0% inhibition at 30 μM, IC50 = 5.5 μM, CLogP = 4.76887) and 2-cyclohexyl-5-(cyclohexylmethoxy)-3-(3-hydroxypropoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one (10u, 95.5% inhibition at 30 μM, IC50 = 3.0 μM, CLogP = 5.96187) showed the best inhibition. The structure activity relationship reveals that the hydrophobic cyclohexylmethoxy group at the position 5 of the chromen-4-one ring A is preferable than at position 6 and the dual hydrogen bonding acceptor property on the chromen-4-one ring should be important for the inhibitory activity. In addition, the optimum length of the side chain at position 3 of chromen-4-one ring is critical for the donation of hydrogen to the binding site and the 3-hydroxypropoxy group showed the best activity. Moreover, the conformational restrictor (isopropyl, cyclohexyl group) at position 2 is much more favorable for the formation of effective conformer of side chain with hydrogen bonding donor property of these chromen-4-one analogs.
|
Displacement of [3H]dexamethasone from human recombinant glucocorticoid receptor expressed in insect cells after 24 hrs by scintillation proximity assay
|
Homo sapiens
|
1.3
nM
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Novel Pyrrolidine Derivatives of Budesonide as Long Acting Inhaled Corticosteroids for the Treatment of Pulmonary Inflammatory Diseases.
Year : 2018
Volume : 61
Issue : 11
First Page : 4757
Last Page : 4773
Authors : Ghidini E, Marchini G, Capelli AM, Carnini C, Cenacchi V, Fioni A, Facchinetti F, Rancati F.
Abstract : Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) represent the first line therapy for the treatment of asthma and are also extensively utilized in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Our goal was to develop a new ICS with a basic group, which can allow solid state feature modulation, achieving at the same time high local anti-inflammatory effect and low systemic exposure. Through a rational drug design approach, a new series of pyrrolidine derivatives of budesonide was identified. Within the series, several compounds showed nanomolar binding affinity ( Ki) with GR that mostly correlated with the effect in inducing GR nuclear translocation in CHO cells and anti-inflammatory effects in macrophagic cell lines. Binding and functional cell-based assays allowed identifying compound 17 as a potent ICS agonist with a PK profile showing an adequate lung retention and low systemic exposure in vivo. Finally, compound 17 proved to be more potent than budesonide in a rat model of acute pulmonary inflammation.
|
Induction of nuclear translocation of human recombinant ProLabel-tagged glucocorticoid receptor expressed in CHO-K1 cells after 3 hrs by luminescence method
|
Homo sapiens
|
3.5
nM
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Novel Pyrrolidine Derivatives of Budesonide as Long Acting Inhaled Corticosteroids for the Treatment of Pulmonary Inflammatory Diseases.
Year : 2018
Volume : 61
Issue : 11
First Page : 4757
Last Page : 4773
Authors : Ghidini E, Marchini G, Capelli AM, Carnini C, Cenacchi V, Fioni A, Facchinetti F, Rancati F.
Abstract : Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) represent the first line therapy for the treatment of asthma and are also extensively utilized in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Our goal was to develop a new ICS with a basic group, which can allow solid state feature modulation, achieving at the same time high local anti-inflammatory effect and low systemic exposure. Through a rational drug design approach, a new series of pyrrolidine derivatives of budesonide was identified. Within the series, several compounds showed nanomolar binding affinity ( Ki) with GR that mostly correlated with the effect in inducing GR nuclear translocation in CHO cells and anti-inflammatory effects in macrophagic cell lines. Binding and functional cell-based assays allowed identifying compound 17 as a potent ICS agonist with a PK profile showing an adequate lung retention and low systemic exposure in vivo. Finally, compound 17 proved to be more potent than budesonide in a rat model of acute pulmonary inflammation.
|
Induction of nuclear translocation of human recombinant ProLabel-tagged mineralocorticoid receptor expressed in CHO-K1 cells after 3 hrs by luminescence method
|
Homo sapiens
|
4.8
nM
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Novel Pyrrolidine Derivatives of Budesonide as Long Acting Inhaled Corticosteroids for the Treatment of Pulmonary Inflammatory Diseases.
Year : 2018
Volume : 61
Issue : 11
First Page : 4757
Last Page : 4773
Authors : Ghidini E, Marchini G, Capelli AM, Carnini C, Cenacchi V, Fioni A, Facchinetti F, Rancati F.
Abstract : Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) represent the first line therapy for the treatment of asthma and are also extensively utilized in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Our goal was to develop a new ICS with a basic group, which can allow solid state feature modulation, achieving at the same time high local anti-inflammatory effect and low systemic exposure. Through a rational drug design approach, a new series of pyrrolidine derivatives of budesonide was identified. Within the series, several compounds showed nanomolar binding affinity ( Ki) with GR that mostly correlated with the effect in inducing GR nuclear translocation in CHO cells and anti-inflammatory effects in macrophagic cell lines. Binding and functional cell-based assays allowed identifying compound 17 as a potent ICS agonist with a PK profile showing an adequate lung retention and low systemic exposure in vivo. Finally, compound 17 proved to be more potent than budesonide in a rat model of acute pulmonary inflammation.
|
Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide release preincubated for 15 mins followed by LPS challenge measured after 18 hrs by Griess assay
|
Mus musculus
|
0.82
nM
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Novel Pyrrolidine Derivatives of Budesonide as Long Acting Inhaled Corticosteroids for the Treatment of Pulmonary Inflammatory Diseases.
Year : 2018
Volume : 61
Issue : 11
First Page : 4757
Last Page : 4773
Authors : Ghidini E, Marchini G, Capelli AM, Carnini C, Cenacchi V, Fioni A, Facchinetti F, Rancati F.
Abstract : Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) represent the first line therapy for the treatment of asthma and are also extensively utilized in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Our goal was to develop a new ICS with a basic group, which can allow solid state feature modulation, achieving at the same time high local anti-inflammatory effect and low systemic exposure. Through a rational drug design approach, a new series of pyrrolidine derivatives of budesonide was identified. Within the series, several compounds showed nanomolar binding affinity ( Ki) with GR that mostly correlated with the effect in inducing GR nuclear translocation in CHO cells and anti-inflammatory effects in macrophagic cell lines. Binding and functional cell-based assays allowed identifying compound 17 as a potent ICS agonist with a PK profile showing an adequate lung retention and low systemic exposure in vivo. Finally, compound 17 proved to be more potent than budesonide in a rat model of acute pulmonary inflammation.
|
Antiinflammatory activity in LPS-induced Sprague-Dawley rat neutrophilic lung inflammation model assessed as inhibition of neutrophilic infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage at 3 mg/kg, it preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS challenge measured after 4 hrs relative to control
|
Rattus norvegicus
|
84.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Novel Pyrrolidine Derivatives of Budesonide as Long Acting Inhaled Corticosteroids for the Treatment of Pulmonary Inflammatory Diseases.
Year : 2018
Volume : 61
Issue : 11
First Page : 4757
Last Page : 4773
Authors : Ghidini E, Marchini G, Capelli AM, Carnini C, Cenacchi V, Fioni A, Facchinetti F, Rancati F.
Abstract : Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) represent the first line therapy for the treatment of asthma and are also extensively utilized in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Our goal was to develop a new ICS with a basic group, which can allow solid state feature modulation, achieving at the same time high local anti-inflammatory effect and low systemic exposure. Through a rational drug design approach, a new series of pyrrolidine derivatives of budesonide was identified. Within the series, several compounds showed nanomolar binding affinity ( Ki) with GR that mostly correlated with the effect in inducing GR nuclear translocation in CHO cells and anti-inflammatory effects in macrophagic cell lines. Binding and functional cell-based assays allowed identifying compound 17 as a potent ICS agonist with a PK profile showing an adequate lung retention and low systemic exposure in vivo. Finally, compound 17 proved to be more potent than budesonide in a rat model of acute pulmonary inflammation.
|
Antiinflammatory activity in LPS-induced Sprague-Dawley rat neutrophilic lung inflammation model assessed as inhibition of neutrophilic infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage at 0.1 mg/kg, it preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS challenge measured after 4 hrs relative to control
|
Rattus norvegicus
|
29.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Novel Pyrrolidine Derivatives of Budesonide as Long Acting Inhaled Corticosteroids for the Treatment of Pulmonary Inflammatory Diseases.
Year : 2018
Volume : 61
Issue : 11
First Page : 4757
Last Page : 4773
Authors : Ghidini E, Marchini G, Capelli AM, Carnini C, Cenacchi V, Fioni A, Facchinetti F, Rancati F.
Abstract : Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) represent the first line therapy for the treatment of asthma and are also extensively utilized in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Our goal was to develop a new ICS with a basic group, which can allow solid state feature modulation, achieving at the same time high local anti-inflammatory effect and low systemic exposure. Through a rational drug design approach, a new series of pyrrolidine derivatives of budesonide was identified. Within the series, several compounds showed nanomolar binding affinity ( Ki) with GR that mostly correlated with the effect in inducing GR nuclear translocation in CHO cells and anti-inflammatory effects in macrophagic cell lines. Binding and functional cell-based assays allowed identifying compound 17 as a potent ICS agonist with a PK profile showing an adequate lung retention and low systemic exposure in vivo. Finally, compound 17 proved to be more potent than budesonide in a rat model of acute pulmonary inflammation.
|
Antiinflammatory activity in LPS-induced Sprague-Dawley rat neutrophilic lung inflammation model assessed as inhibition of neutrophilic infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage at 0.3 mg/kg, it preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS challenge measured after 4 hrs relative to control
|
Rattus norvegicus
|
45.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Novel Pyrrolidine Derivatives of Budesonide as Long Acting Inhaled Corticosteroids for the Treatment of Pulmonary Inflammatory Diseases.
Year : 2018
Volume : 61
Issue : 11
First Page : 4757
Last Page : 4773
Authors : Ghidini E, Marchini G, Capelli AM, Carnini C, Cenacchi V, Fioni A, Facchinetti F, Rancati F.
Abstract : Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) represent the first line therapy for the treatment of asthma and are also extensively utilized in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Our goal was to develop a new ICS with a basic group, which can allow solid state feature modulation, achieving at the same time high local anti-inflammatory effect and low systemic exposure. Through a rational drug design approach, a new series of pyrrolidine derivatives of budesonide was identified. Within the series, several compounds showed nanomolar binding affinity ( Ki) with GR that mostly correlated with the effect in inducing GR nuclear translocation in CHO cells and anti-inflammatory effects in macrophagic cell lines. Binding and functional cell-based assays allowed identifying compound 17 as a potent ICS agonist with a PK profile showing an adequate lung retention and low systemic exposure in vivo. Finally, compound 17 proved to be more potent than budesonide in a rat model of acute pulmonary inflammation.
|
Antiinflammatory activity in LPS-induced Sprague-Dawley rat neutrophilic lung inflammation model assessed as inhibition of neutrophilic infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage at 1 mg/kg, it preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS challenge measured after 4 hrs relative to control
|
Rattus norvegicus
|
73.0
%
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Novel Pyrrolidine Derivatives of Budesonide as Long Acting Inhaled Corticosteroids for the Treatment of Pulmonary Inflammatory Diseases.
Year : 2018
Volume : 61
Issue : 11
First Page : 4757
Last Page : 4773
Authors : Ghidini E, Marchini G, Capelli AM, Carnini C, Cenacchi V, Fioni A, Facchinetti F, Rancati F.
Abstract : Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) represent the first line therapy for the treatment of asthma and are also extensively utilized in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Our goal was to develop a new ICS with a basic group, which can allow solid state feature modulation, achieving at the same time high local anti-inflammatory effect and low systemic exposure. Through a rational drug design approach, a new series of pyrrolidine derivatives of budesonide was identified. Within the series, several compounds showed nanomolar binding affinity ( Ki) with GR that mostly correlated with the effect in inducing GR nuclear translocation in CHO cells and anti-inflammatory effects in macrophagic cell lines. Binding and functional cell-based assays allowed identifying compound 17 as a potent ICS agonist with a PK profile showing an adequate lung retention and low systemic exposure in vivo. Finally, compound 17 proved to be more potent than budesonide in a rat model of acute pulmonary inflammation.
|
Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus MRSA ATCC 43300 (CO-ADD:GP_020); MIC in CAMBH media, using NBS plates, by OD(600)
|
Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus
|
6.99
%
|
|
|
Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (CO-ADD:GN_001); MIC in CAMBH media using NBS plates, by OD(600)
|
Escherichia coli
|
-1.42
%
|
|
|
Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae MDR ATCC 70063 (CO-ADD:GN_003); MIC in CAMBH media using NBS plates, by OD(600)
|
Klebsiella pneumoniae
|
10.57
%
|
|
|
Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 (CO-ADD:GN_042); MIC in CAMBH media using NBS plates, by OD(600)
|
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
|
4.71
%
|
|
|
Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 (CO-ADD:GN_034); MIC in CAMBH media using NBS plates, by OD600
|
Acinetobacter baumannii
|
21.59
%
|
|
|
Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 90028 (CO-ADD:FG_001); MIC in YNB media using NBS plates, by OD630
|
Candida albicans
|
2.59
%
|
|
|
Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans H99 ATCC 208821 (CO-ADD:FG_002); MIC in YNB media using NBS plates, by Resazurin OD(600-570)
|
Cryptococcus neoformans
|
-1.35
%
|
|
|
Antiviral activity determined as inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 induced cytotoxicity of Caco-2 cells at 10 uM after 48 hours by high content imaging
|
Homo sapiens
|
14.17
%
|
|
Title : Identification of inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 in-vitro cellular toxicity in human (Caco-2) cells using a large scale drug repurposing collection
Year : 2020
Authors : Bernhard Ellinger, Denisa Bojkova, Andrea Zaliani, Jindrich Cinatl, Carsten Claussen, Sandra Westhaus, Jeanette Reinshagen, Maria Kuzikov, Markus Wolf, Gerd Geisslinger, Philip Gribbon, Sandra Ciesek
Abstract : To identify possible candidates for progression towards clinical studies against SARS-CoV-2, we screened a well-defined collection of 5632 compounds including 3488 compounds which have undergone clinical investigations (marketed drugs, phases 1 -3, and withdrawn) across 600 indications. Compounds were screened for their inhibition of viral induced cytotoxicity using the human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2 and a SARS-CoV-2 isolate. The primary screen of 5632 compounds gave 271 hits. A total of 64 compounds with IC50 <20 µM were identified, including 19 compounds with IC50 < 1 µM. Of this confirmed hit population, 90% have not yet been previously reported as active against SARS-CoV-2 in-vitro cell assays. Some 37 of the actives are launched drugs, 19 are in phases 1-3 and 10 pre-clinical. Several inhibitors were associated with modulation of host pathways including kinase signaling P53 activation, ubiquitin pathways and PDE activity modulation, with long chain acyl transferases were effective viral inhibitors.
|
Inhibition of IL-5 receptor in mouse pro-B Y16 cells assessed as decrease in mIL-5 dependent cell proliferation at 50 uM after 48 hrs in presence of 3 units/ml mIL-5 by WST-1 assay relative to control
|
Mus musculus
|
70.2
%
|
|
Journal : Eur J Med Chem
Title : Discovery of benzimidazole analogs as a novel interleukin-5 inhibitors.
Year : 2019
Volume : 181
First Page : 111574
Last Page : 111574
Authors : Boggu PR, Kim Y, Jung SH.
Abstract : A series of novel hydroxyethylaminomethylbenzimidazole analogs 5a-y were synthesized and evaluated for their IL-5 inhibitory activity using pro-B Y16 cell line. Among them, 2-(((4-(cyclohexylmethoxy)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methyl)amino)butan-1-ol (5e, 94.3% inhibition at 30 μM, IC<sub>50</sub> = 3.5 μM, cLogP = 4.132) and 3-cyclohexyl-2-(((4-(cyclohexylmethoxy)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methyl)amino) propan-1-ol (5k, 94.7% inhibition at 30 μM, IC<sub>50</sub> = 5.0 μM, cLogP = 6.253) showed the most potent inhibitory activity. The essential feature of SAR (Fig. 5) indicated that the chromenone ring can be replaced by a benzimidazole ring to maintain the inhibitory activity. In addition, the hydroxyethylaminomethyl group was suitable for the IL-5 inhibitory activity. Moreover, the hydrophobic substituents on carbon play an important role in the IL-5 inhibitory activity of these analogs. However, N-substituted analogs did not improve inhibitory activity. In addition, MTT assay of 5e and 5k with normal B lymphoblasts revealed that they had no significant effects on cell viability.
|
Agonist activity at GR (unknown origin) by Alpha Screen assay
|
Homo sapiens
|
2.0
nM
|
|
Journal : MedChemComm
Title : Dissecting the allosteric FXR modulation: a chemical biology approach using guggulsterone as a chemical tool.
Year : 2019
Volume : 10
Issue : 8
First Page : 1412
Last Page : 1419
Authors : Passeri D, Carotti A, Pittol JMR, Ciaccioli G, Pellicciari R, van Mil SWC, Gioiello A.
Abstract : Guggulsterone is a promiscuous ligand for endocrine and metabolic lipid receptors traditionally used to treat a number of diseases including diabesity, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, and osteoarthritis. Although relatively weak, its activity at the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is particularly intriguing as guggulsterone acts as an antagonist with a peculiar ability of gene selective modulation. We report here a chemical biology study with the aim to further characterize the biological action of guggulsterone at the FXR and to obtain further insights into the functional role played by noncanonical FXR binding pockets S2 and S3. Our results suggest that the FXR accessory pockets might act as potential targets for small molecules able to modulate the metabolic activation of the receptor without affecting the anti-inflammatory activity thus revealing a new approach for disclosing selective FXR modulators that might bypass potential side-effects from chronic treatments.
|
SARS-CoV-2 3CL-Pro protease inhibition percentage at 20µM by FRET kind of response from peptide substrate
|
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
|
7.69
%
|
|
SARS-CoV-2 3CL-Pro protease inhibition percentage at 20µM by FRET kind of response from peptide substrate
|
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
|
8.746
%
|
|
Title : Identification of inhibitors of SARS-Cov2 M-Pro enzymatic activity using a small molecule repurposing screen
Year : 2020
Authors : Maria Kuzikov, Elisa Costanzi, Jeanette Reinshagen, Francesca Esposito, Laura Vangeel, Markus Wolf, Bernhard Ellinger, Carsten Claussen, Gerd Geisslinger, Angela Corona, Daniela Iaconis, Carmine Talarico, Candida Manelfi, Rolando Cannalire, Giulia Rossetti, Jonas Gossen, Simone Albani, Francesco Musiani, Katja Herzog, Yang Ye, Barbara Giabbai, Nicola Demitri, Dirk Jochmans, Steven De Jonghe, Jasper Rymenants, Vincenzo Summa, Enzo Tramontano, Andrea R. Beccari, Pieter Leyssen, Paola Storici, Johan Neyts, Philip Gribbon, and Andrea Zaliani
Abstract : Compound repurposing is an important strategy being pursued in the identification of effective treatment against the SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease. In this regard, SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M-Pro), also termed 3CL-Pro, is an attractive drug target as it plays a central role in viral replication by processing the viral polyprotein into 11 non-structural proteins. We report the results of a screening campaign involving ca 8.7 K compounds containing marketed drugs, clinical and preclinical candidates, and chemicals regarded as safe in humans. We confirmed previously reported inhibitors of 3CL-Pro, but we have also identified 68 compounds with IC50 lower than 1 uM and 127 compounds with IC50 lower than 5 uM. Profiling showed 67% of confirmed hits were selective (> 5 fold) against other Cys- and Ser- proteases (Chymotrypsin and Cathepsin-L) and MERS 3CL-Pro. Selected compounds were also analysed in their binding characteristics.
|
Antiviral activity determined as inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 induced cytotoxicity of VERO-6 cells at 10 uM after 48 hours exposure to 0.01 MOI SARS CoV-2 virus by high content imaging
|
Chlorocebus sabaeus
|
0.07
%
|
|
Antiviral activity determined as inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 induced cytotoxicity of VERO-6 cells at 10 uM after 48 hours exposure to 0.01 MOI SARS CoV-2 virus by high content imaging
|
Chlorocebus sabaeus
|
0.14
%
|
|
Antiviral activity determined as inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 induced cytotoxicity of VERO-6 cells at 10 uM after 48 hours exposure to 0.01 MOI SARS CoV-2 virus by high content imaging
|
Chlorocebus sabaeus
|
0.14
%
|
|
Antiviral activity determined as inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 induced cytotoxicity of VERO-6 cells at 10 uM after 48 hours exposure to 0.01 MOI SARS CoV-2 virus by high content imaging
|
Chlorocebus sabaeus
|
0.07
%
|
|
Title : Cytopathic SARS-Cov2 screening on VERO-E6 cells in a large repurposing effort
Year : 2020
Authors : Andrea Zaliani, Laura Vangeel, Jeanette Reinshagen, Daniela Iaconis, Maria Kuzikov, Oliver Keminer, Markus Wolf, Bernhard Ellinger, Francesca Esposito, Angela Corona, Enzo Tramontano, Candida Manelfi, Katja Herzog, Dirk Jochmans, Steven De Jonghe, Winston Chiu, Thibault Francken, Joost Schepers, Caroline Collard, Kayvan Abbasi, Carsten Claussen , Vincenzo Summa, Andrea R. Beccari, Johan Neyts, Philip Gribbon and Pieter Leyssen
Abstract : Worldwide, there are intensive efforts to identify repurposed drugs as potential therapies against SARS-CoV-2 infection and the associated COVID-19 disease. To date, the anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone and (to a lesser extent) the RNA-polymerase inhibitor remdesivir have been shown to be effective in reducing mortality and patient time to recovery, respectively, in patients. Here, we report the results of a phenotypic screening campaign within an EU-funded project (H2020-EXSCALATE4COV) aimed at extending the repertoire of anti-COVID therapeutics through repurposing of available compounds and highlighting compounds with new mechanisms of action against viral infection. We screened 8702 molecules from different repurposing libraries, to reveal 110 compounds with an anti-cytopathic IC50 < 20 µM. From this group, 18 with a safety index greater than 2 are also marketed drugs, making them suitable for further study as potential therapies against COVID-19. Our result supports the idea that a systematic approach to repurposing is a valid strategy to accelerate the necessary drug discovery process.
|
Agonist activity at human GR
|
Homo sapiens
|
2.0
nM
|
|
Journal : J Med Chem
Title : Discovery of 3α,7α,11β-Trihydroxy-6α-ethyl-5β-cholan-24-oic Acid (TC-100), a Novel Bile Acid as Potent and Highly Selective FXR Agonist for Enterohepatic Disorders.
Year : 2016
Volume : 59
Issue : 19
First Page : 9201
Last Page : 9214
Authors : Pellicciari R,Passeri D,De Franco F,Mostarda S,Filipponi P,Colliva C,Gadaleta RM,Franco P,Carotti A,Macchiarulo A,Roda A,Moschetta A,Gioiello A
Abstract : As a continuation of previous efforts in mapping functional hot spots on the bile acid scaffold, we here demonstrate that the introduction of a hydroxy group at the C11β position affords high selectivity for FXR. In particular, the synthesis and FXR/TGR5 activity of novel bile acids bearing different hydroxylation patterns at the C ring are reported and discussed from a structure-activity standpoint. The results obtained led us to discover the first bile acid derivative endowed with high potency and selectivity at the FXR receptor, 3α,7α,11β-trihydroxy-6α-ethyl-5β-cholan-24-oic acid (TC-100, 7) which also shows a remarkable physicochemical and pharmacological profile. Compound 7 combines the excellent physicochemical properties of hydrophilic bile acids such as ursodeoxycholic acid, with the distinct ability to specifically bind and regulate FXR activity in vivo, thus providing a bona fide novel therapeutic agent to treat enterohepatic disorders such as cholestasis, NASH, and inflammatory bowel disease.
